Yunkov, Mikhail Grigorievich

The early years

Mikhail Grigoryevich Yunkov was born in the village of Turmodeevo, Yermishinsky district, Ryazan region, in the family of peasants Yunkov Grigory Dmitrievich and Yunkova (Alysheva) Tatyana Vasilyevna.

The younger brother of M. G. Yunkov, Aleksei Grigoryevich Yunkov ( 1925 -25.05. 1944 ), a Red Army soldier of the 291 rifle regiment of the 63 rifle division of the 1st Baltic Front , died in battle during the liberation of the Vitebsk region of the BSSR from Nazi invaders.

At the age of 6, M.G. Yunkov moved with his parents and brother to Moscow , where the family settled in the Izmailovo region (before and during the war, the family of G.D. Yunkov lived at the address: 1, Stalin district, Moscow 7th Park Lane d.

Here M. G. Yunkov went first to a parish church, and then to a comprehensive school.

In 1940 he graduated from 10 classes of high school, and in the same year he was called up for military service in the ranks of the Red Army .

Before the start of World War II, he served in units of the 2nd Air Defense Corps of the Leningrad Military District in the city of Leningrad .

Participation in the Great Patriotic War

As part of a separate searchlight battalion of the 189th anti-aircraft artillery regiment of the 2nd Air Defense Corps of the Northern Front (from September 1, 1941 - the Leningrad Front ), he participated in the defense of Leningrad from June 22, 1941 .

At the beginning of the war, M. G. Yunkov served as a sound pickup commanded by Yu. D. Melkov ^[2] (after the war he was a major statesman and party leader). Together with M. G. Yunkov, the student of the Leningrad Shipbuilding Institute, Red Army soldier A.V. Rynkovich , who later became an outstanding shipbuilder, served in the same calculation.

Starting his service as an ordinary soldier, at the end of 1942, M. G. Yunkov was awarded the military rank “ sergeant ” for conscientious service with the appointment of commander of the calculation of the sound finder. In 1943 , after the rearmament of the battalion at the RAP-150 radio floodlight stations and the passage of retraining courses (they were located in the village of Lisiy Nos ), Sergeant M. G. Yunkov was appointed commander of the calculation of the radio direction finder.

As part of the 189th anti-aircraft artillery regiment, he defended the sky of Leningrad , participated in the air defense of the base airfield of the air defense of the Leningrad Front ) in the village of Uglovo, the entrance to the "Road of Life" , and other important objects.

After breaking the blockade of Leningrad, during the reformation of the air defense of the Leningrad Front ), in 1944 , an experienced sergeant M. G. Yunkov was sent to serve in the infantry.

As a “gunner” he served in a mortar battery. Participant in the assault and liberation from the Nazi invaders of Narva .

After the reformation of the units of the Leningrad Front, he was returned to the air defense forces of the Leningrad Military District from autumn 1944 to November 1946 . served in a separate searchlight company of 84 air defense brigades (stationed in the city of Leningrad), where he again served in the same platoon with A.V. Rynkovich . M. G. Yunkov ended the war with the rank of " senior sergeant " and was demobilized from the army in the same rank at the end of November 1946 .

Return to peaceful life. Learning

In December 1946, Moscow returned to his parents, whom he had not seen since he was drafted into the army, that is, from 1940 .

In early spring 1947, together with his fellow soldier Vasily Doroginin (later an engineer and a candidate of science), he entered preparatory courses at the Moscow Energy Institute . At the courses of demobilized soldiers a brigade spontaneously formed, which installed telegraph poles for piece-rate payment, which supported future students financially.

After the restoration of school knowledge, in the same year M. G. Yunkov entered the Faculty of Electrification of Industry and Transport (EPTF) MPEI ^[3] .

At this point, the MPEI established recognized scientific schools of electrical engineering and electric drives , where during the training of M. G. Yunkov, outstanding engineers, professors A. T. Golovan , D. P. Morozov , V. E. Rosenfeld, M. G worked at EPTF Chilikin (in 1952-1976 - rector of MPEI), and other scientists, including students and associates of the prominent electrician, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences K. I. Schenfer .

In 1953, M. G. Yunkov graduated from the EPTF MPEI with honors, receiving the qualification of “Electrical Engineer” with a degree in “Electric Drive and Automation of Industrial Installations”.

Work in the Central Design Bureau "Electric Drive". Establishment of VNII "Electric Drive"

After graduating from MPEI, engineer M. G. Yunkov, according to distribution, was sent to work at the TsKB Elektroprivod, where from 1953 to 1963 he worked. He went from engineer to deputy chief of the Central Design Bureau.

The tasks posed by the industry of the Soviet Union to the TsKB Elektroprivod regarding automated electric drives required not only design, but also comprehensive scientific, industrial, technological and organizational approaches.

To solve these problems, in 1963, with the direct participation of M. G. Yunkov, the All-Union Scientific Research and Design Institute of Electric Drive was created (VNII Electric Drive), where M. G. Yunkov began to work first as deputy director, and from 1968 until 1986 of the year - the permanent director and the true leader of the team of this world-famous research and development institute.

In 1986, M. G. Yunkov resigned as director of the All-Russian Research Institute of Electric Drive and became the head of the branch of the Department of Automated Electric Drive of MPEI at the All-Russian Research Institute of Electric Drive.

After the liquidation of the All-Russian Research Institute of Electric Drive, M. G. Yunkov continued to work at LLC Elektroprom, where until the last day of his life he worked on electric drives of drilling rigs and equipment for the oil and gas industry.

VNII Electric Drive Activities in the 1960s and 1990s of the 20th Century

The breadth of the themes of the work of VNII The electric drive of this period is amazing.

The Institute’s unique and large-scale developments ensured the development of ferrous metallurgy , mining, machine-building , chemical, paper-making and other industries of our economy. Much work was carried out on the development of nuclear energy and the electrification of agriculture ^[4] .

VNIIElectroprivod was the leading institute in the electrical industry, it was responsible for the development of not only the electric drive, but also the low-voltage apparatus industry, coordinated the work of dozens of factories and design bureaus of the sub-industry. All-Russian Research Institute of Electric Drive coordinated the work of factories subordinate to the USSR Ministry of Electrotechnical Industry. The great organizational abilities of M. G. Yunkov and his state approach to all issues to be resolved were manifested here.

He determined the main directions of the scientific and technical activities of the institute. During his leadership, the institute was recognized in the USSR and abroad. A pilot plant and branches were organized in Ivanovo , Krivoy Rog , Chelyabinsk , Lutsk , Angarsk . Significantly increased the number of key personnel.

Thanks to this, the team carried out a wide front on the creation of means and systems of electric drives and, thereby, in a short time, provided the need for the most important sectors of industry and agriculture in electric drives.

Such enterprises as Elektrosila , KhEMZ, ChEAZ , Aleksandrovsky and Angarsk Electromechanical Plants, Stavropol Elektroavtomatika, Zaporizhzhya Transformer, Lutsk, Rasskazovsky and Kalininsky Electrical Equipment Plants, Tallinn Electrotechnical Plant and others were included in this orbit.

At the same time, interaction was carried out with enterprises of almost all basic industries, industrial research institutes and design bureaus, and the country's leading electrical universities. Collaboration with well-known foreign companies has developed.

Priority work was the creation of unique electric drives with a high degree of automation: blooming-1300 (metallurgical plants in Krivoy Rog , Chelyabinsk , Novokuznetsk , slabbing and blooming in the city of Galati (Romania), Karaganda metallurgical plant , automation of technological processes of blast furnace production, creation of an atomic electric propulsion system icebreaker "Lenin" , creation systems "Logic T", "UBSR" protection systems of nuclear power plants (Susa) and t. d., complete electric developed for drilling SETTING ok, excavators, including walking with a bucket capacity of 20 cubic meters, elevators, thermal cutting machines, electric DC with a wide range of speed control, soft-start devices, multi-bit pulse code and photocells.

With the direct participation and under the leadership of M. G. Yunkov, several generations of electrical equipment for drilling rigs for surface and offshore drilling of oil and gas wells, gas pumping stations and other important facilities have been created. Complete electric drives for the oil and gas industry have substantially transformed and developed the oil and gas industry.

Many other important work was done.

For the shipbuilding industry, photocopiers for automated lines for sheet metal rolling were created /

Unique reversible drives for the metallurgical industry ( rolling mills , slabs , blooms , other heavy equipment) ensured the success of Soviet metallurgy and consumer recognition, including those delivered abroad.

Drives and other electromechanical devices for the paper industry, including web tension sensors, ensured the development of papermaking.

The Institute developed installations for drilling wells up to 6500 m in depth, and then systems for drilling superdeep wells, in particular, the Kola superdeep well .

Work has been done on the creation of explosion-proof sets of control equipment based on thyristor frequency converters (TFC) of mine equipment.

The authority of the All-Russian Research Institute of Electric Drives and Knowledge of M. G. Yunkov was known and highly appreciated by the ministers of the electrical industry of the USSR A. K. Antonov and his successor A. I. Mayorets . On most foreign business trips, the Minister was accompanied by M. G. Yunkov. Many key decisions of the Ministry on the development of production capacities and the development of new products were discussed and agreed upon with M. G. Yunkov.

Scientific work

In 1970, M. G. Yunkov defended his thesis for the degree of candidate of technical sciences , the theme of the dissertation was “Development and research of unification issues and block execution of electric drives in the oil and chemical industry”, and in 1985 the dissertation for the degree of doctor of technical sciences , subject of work : “Scientific and technical substantiation, research and development of electric drives for drilling rigs for land and sea drilling”.

During the period of work at the All-Russian Research Institute of Electric Drive, M. G. Yunkov established a scientific school recognized in the Soviet Union and the world for the development and production of unique electric drives for equipment for various purposes.

In these years, the institute was defined as the leading research and production school for electric drives in the country, where the issues of creating complex electric drives were comprehensively addressed - from the scientific and technical idea to implementation, going through all stages of development, production, implementation and operation.

The scientific and technical community of Russia, the CIS countries and foreign countries are well known and highly appreciated scientific work in the field of electric drive, performed by specialists of VNIIElektroprivod. For the period 1955 - 1995, more than 1000 copyright certificates were obtained, more than 100 monographs and more than 1000 articles in scientific and technical publications were published, more than 500 reports were made at scientific conferences and congresses, including international ones.

For great achievements in the development of the national economy of the country, more than 200 employees of the institute were awarded orders and medals, more than 300 VDNH medals were received, 15 employees were awarded government awards of foreign countries. The institute employed seven doctors of technical sciences and more than 40 candidates of technical sciences, and a dissertation council was functioning.

For several decades, M.G. Yunkova was replaced by Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor O. V. Slezhanovsky , an outstanding engineer, theorist and practitioner of creating unified block systems for regulating electric drives: UBSR (analog branch) and UBSR-D, UBSR-DI (discrete branch) .

Deputy contributors M.G. Yunkova, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor Onishchenko G.B. and Rusakov V.G., Lenin and State Prize winners Parfenov B.M., Tishchenko N.A., Director of the Scientific and Practical Center and department heads: Abramov B.I., Bragilevsky E.L., Brodsky Yu.A., Geraimovich I.G., Girshberg V.V., Gromov V.S., Datskovsky L. Kh. , Ivanov V.V. , Ivanov G.M., Ishkhanov E.P., Kovtunovich V.A., Kostyukov S.G., Kochetkov V.D. (hereinafter Director of the All-Russian Research Institute of Electric Drives), Krylov S.S., Kuznetsov Yu.P., Kutler N.P., Lebedev E.D., Melame L.R., Podaruyev A.I., Portnoy T.Z., Skripnik V.M., Fedorov A.M., Timoshenko V.D., leading specialists: Biryukov A.V., Gendelman B.R., Zverev G.A., Ivanov A.V., Katolikov V.E., Kogan A.I., Lazhintsev A.M., Fedotov A.S. and many others.

M. G. Yunkov is the permanent organizer, chairman and member of the presidium of many scientific conferences on the development and implementation of automated electric drives in industry. VNII Electric Drive maintained contact with all universities of the USSR , which trained specialists in the field of electric drives.

Professor M. G. Yunkov educated many scientists, designers and organizers of production, was a true mentor and inspirer of several generations of electrical engineers working in various industries and regions of our country.

Major works

M. G. Yunkov is the author and co-author of four monographs, more than 70 articles, six patents and 21 copyright certificates.

The works of M. G. Yunkov became classics of the theory and practice of building automated electric drives of various industries.

Some of them are listed below:

1) The electric drive of turbomechanisms / G. B. Onishchenko, M. G. Yunkov. - Moscow: Energy, 1972.

2) Ilyinsky N.F., Yunkov M.G. (ed.) Automated electric drive. M .: Energoatomizdat, 1990 .-- 544 p.

3) Automated electric drive: Sat scientific tr / [OJSC "Electric Drive"; under the general. ed. Yunkova M.G., Sledzhanovsky O.V.]. - M.: Znak, 2002 .-- 272 p.

4) Yunkov M.G. et al. Unified systems of thyristor DC electric drive of surface drilling rigs. M. Informelektro, Series 08, Electric drive.

5) VNIIelektroprivod - the years of war: scientific publication / M. G. Yunkov // Electrical Engineering. - 1995. - N 3. - S. 6-9. - ISSN 0013-5860

6) Status and development prospects of controlled electric drives: [Dokl.] Scientific-technical. "From the time of. adjustable. the electric drive is small. and wednesday power based intelligence. forces. electron. and microprocessor. means of administration. ”, Moscow February 2-4, 1994: scientific publication / M. G. Yunkov [et al.] // Electrical Engineering. - 1994. - N 7. - S. 2-6. - ISSN 0013-5860

7) The direction of development of electric drives: a scientific publication / S.K. Kozyrev, M.G. Yunkov // 3rd International. conf. “Electromech. and electrotechnological. ", Klyazma, September 14-18, 1998. - M., 1998. - S. 119

8) The modern electric drive and the main directions of its development: scientific publication / M. G. Yunkov, B. M. Parfenov // PU: Drive and exercise. - 2000. - N 0. - S. 16-21. - 7

9) All-Union conferences on automated electric drive (1947-1987): scientific publication / Ilyinsky, N. F.; Yunkov, M.G .; Motsohein, B.I .; Shinyansky, A.V. // Avtomatizir. electric drive. - M., 1990. - S. 14-21

10) Association "Automated Electric Drive": scientific publication / M. G. Yunkov, A. V. Shinyansky // Electrical Engineering. - 1993. - N 6. - S. 2-3. - ISSN 0013-5860

Community Activities

M. G. Yunkov was a member of the [Communist Party of the Soviet Union | VKB (b)]], then the CPSU . He joined the party at the front , sincerely believed in the ideals of communism and tried to put them into practice.

For many years he was the chief editor of the journal "Electric Drive" and a member of the editorial board of the journal "Electrical Engineering".

M. G. Yunkov was one of the founders and organizer of the "Association of Electric Engineers".

In the last years of his life - M. G. Yunkov - Honorary Academician of the Academy of Electrotechnical Sciences of the Russian Federation.

Rewards

For participation in the Great Patriotic War, M. G. Yunkov was awarded the medals "For the Defense of Leningrad" ( 1943 ), "For Military Merit" ( 1944 ), and the Order of the Patriotic War II degree ( 1985 ).

For many years of conscientious work and high achievements in work, he was awarded the Order of the October Revolution , two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor , and many medals.

By decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 09.02.1994 No. 269, M. G. Yunkov was awarded the honorary title “Honored Worker of Science and Technology of the Russian Federation”.

Family

Wife: Yunkova (Dubova) Valentina Fedorovna ( 1925 - 1999 ), graduated from the Moscow Electrovacuum College.

The family of M. G. and V. F. Yunkov raised two daughters and two grandchildren.

Interesting Facts

During the years of World War II, each of the Yunkov brothers was Alexei in 1943 ^[5] , and Mikhail in 1944 ^[6] were awarded the medal “For Military Merit” .