Schöntal Abbey on Jagst [2] [3] ( German: Zisterzienserabtei Schöntal , lat. Abbatia Speciosae Vallis ) - a former Cistercian monastery located on the Jagst River - in the Kloster-Schöntal district of the Baden-Württemberg community of Schöntal ; was founded as a branch of the Maulbronn monastery in 1153 by representatives of the Berlichingen clan, who in return received the right to a family burial within the walls of the abbey.
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| Schöntal Monastery | |
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| him. Kloster schöntal lat Abbatia speciosae vallis | |
| A country | |
| Location | |
| Architect | and |
| Established | |
| Date of Abolition | |
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History and Description
For the first time, a monastery on the territory of the modern Schöntal community was founded by Wolfram von Bebenburg in 1153 as a branch of the Maulbronn monastery. Due to the fact that initially the place in the Noisas area was unsuccessful, the monastery by 1163 was moved several hundred meters to the “beautiful valley” (“Schöne Tal”). Now the founders of the monastery in Schöntal have become representatives of the Berlichingen clan, who in return have received the right to a family burial within the walls of the monastery; the monastery itself was under the protection of the bishop of Würzburg .
Initially, the local Cistercians actively developed and by 1177 their monastery was considered rich; however, by the beginning of the 13th century, the monastery was already in need of money. Due to the fact that the “mother” abbey of Maulbronn itself was experiencing financial difficulties, in 1282 Schöntal was transferred to the Kaisheim monastery ( German Kloster Kaisheim ), which a year later paid all its debts.
According to the results of the Council of Constance , in 1418, the abbey in Schöntal was granted the status of “ imperial ”, which he retained until 1495. At this time, in all worldly affairs, the monastery was responsible only to the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire . During the Peasant War in Germany , in 1525, Szenthal was plundered several times, and its buildings were largely destroyed. During the Reformation, the monks were able to defend themselves from formal dissolution, but the monastery buildings remained unsuitable for living. Therefore, in 1617–1618, under the leadership of Abbot Theobald Fuchs, the building of the so-called “Old Abbey” was built, in which the monks were housed. During the Thirty Years War, the monastery was besieged and the monks fled from it in 1631; the monastery was looted, and in 1648 barracks were located in its buildings.
Under the rector Benedict Knittel, from 1683 to 1732, the monastery soon experienced a new heyday: a new baroque church was designed by architect Leonard Dintsenhofer, and the new building of the monastery itself with a staircase in the Rococo style . At that time, about 40 monks lived in the monastery, and up to 30 lay people lived nearby, who led almost a monastic life. The Cistercian Abbey was secularized in 1802 and came under the rule of the Kingdom of Württemberg . The monastery itself was moved to Stuttgart , and its buildings were originally used to house the district government.
From 1810 to 1975, a Protestant seminary and a school at the Protestant monastery were located in Schöntal. In the 21st century, buildings are used by the Catholic Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart as a conference center , and local schools have their own “educational centers in nature” ( German Waldschulheim ); in addition, the town hall of the Schöntal community is also located here. The former abbey and monastery church, recognized as a monument of architecture , are open for free visits and excursions; a small permanent exhibition telling about the history of the monastery was also collected at the information center.
See also
- Neresheim Abbey
- Klosterbeuren Monastery
- Ettenheimmmunster Monastery
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 archINFORM - 1994.
- ↑ Collection of treatises and conventions concluded by Russia with foreign powers . - Type of. Ministry of Railways, 1875. - S. 390. - 542 p.
- ↑ N. Maisky. Travel Guide N. Maiskago: South Germany, Tyrol, Northern Italy, Austria, Styria, Carinthia, Carniolia, Bohemia, Moravia, Krakow, Ofen Buda and Pest, Switzerland. Part II . - in the printing house of N. Tivlen and Comp., 1865. - S. 16. - 450 p.
Literature
- Württembergisches Klosterbuch. Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2003, ISBN 3-7995-0220-3 . S. 433 ff.
- H. Hummel: Kloster Schöntal. Schöntal 1991.
- Johannes Brümmer: Kunst und Herrschaftsanspruch. Abt Benedikt Knittel (1650-1732) und sein Wirken im Zisterzienserkloster Schöntal. (Forschungen aus Württembergisch Franken 40.) Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1994.
- MM Rückert: Von der frommen Adelsstiftung zur reichsunmittelbaren Abtei: Kloster Schöntal in den ersten 250 Jahren seines Bestehens // DR Bauer (Hg.): Unter Beobachtung der heiligen Regel. Zisterziensische Spiritualität und Kultur im baden-württembergischen Franken. (Forschungen aus Württembergisch Franken 48). Stuttgart 2002, S. 25-38.
- Aquilin Leypold: Der Convent Schönthal von der Gründung 1157 bis zur Aufhebung 1803 // Cistercienser-Chronik, Nr. 35-40, 4. Jg. 1892.
- Ottmar Schönhuth: Chronik des Klosters Schönthal aus urkundlichen Quellen. Mergentheim 1850.
Links
- Maria M. Rückert. Zisterzienserabtei Schöntal - Geschichte (German) . kloester-bw.de . Klöster in Baden-Württemberg. Date of treatment February 11, 2019.