Lois Weber ( born Lois Weber , June 13, 1879 - November 13, 1939) is an American silent film actress , screenwriter, producer and director. A number of film critics was named the most significant female director of the American film industry [5] and one of the most fruitful in the era of silent cinema. [6] [7] [8]
| Lois weber | |
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| Date of Birth | |
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| Date of death | |
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| Profession | actress , director , screenwriter , producer |
| Career | 1911-1934 |
| IMDb | |
Biography
Born in Pennsylvania in a devout Christian family. [9] [10] As a child, she was fond of music and especially playing the piano. [11] At a young age, Weber ran away from home and worked for two years with the evangelical community, doing street sermons and performing church hymns in disadvantaged areas of Pittsburgh , and then New York . [12] [13] In 1905, she made her debut as an actress at the studio “ Gaumont ”, where she met her future husband, director Phillips Small. Weber took her first picture in 1911, and soon became known to the public due to the fact that she touched on many social and moral issues in her films, which was quite bold for that time. [14]
According to various estimates, Weber made 200 to 400 films, [6] of which only 20 have survived to date. [15] Among her famous films are such films as Suspense (1913), Hypocrites (1915), Where are Mine children? ”(1916),“ Doctor and Woman ”(1918) and“ Blur ”(1921). In 1913, in collaboration with her first husband, she became one of the first directors to experiment with sound, creating the first sound films in the United States. [16] [17] However, with the years of her work, the audience was getting worse and worse, and after the failure of Delirium tremens in 1934, Weber worked exclusively as a screenwriter at Universal Studios.
In November 1939, Law Weber was hospitalized in critical condition due to a stomach ailment that developed several years earlier. [18] [19] Two weeks later, she died of a bleeding ulcer , by then already impoverished and forgotten. [20] A farewell ceremony and cremation were paid for by her comrade Francis Marion . [19] [20] In 1960, her name star was laid on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. [21]
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 BNF identifier : Open Data Platform 2011.
- ↑ 1 2 Encyclopædia Britannica
- ↑ FemBio
- ↑ American National Biography - 1999.
- ↑ Anthony Slide, Lois Weber Film Collection
- ↑ 1 2 "Lois Weber (1881–1939)", Dictionary of Women Worldwide: 25,000 Women Through the Ages (2007), Dictionary of Women Worldwide .
- ↑ "Lois Weber, or the exigency of writing"
- ↑ Anthony Slide, The Silent Feminists , pp. 29, 151.
- ↑ Karen Ward Mahar, Women Filmmakers in Early Hollywood (JHU Press, 2008): 89.
- ↑ Nellie Van de Grift Sanchez, California and Californians , Vol. 4, ed. Rockwell Dennis Hunt (The Lewis publishing company, 1930): 176.
- ↑ Famous American Women: A Biographical Dictionary from Colonial Times to the Present , ed. Robert McHenry (Courier Dover Publications, 1980): 432.
- ↑ Lisa Singh, The Silenced Woman of Silent Films: Why Lois Weber Has Not Been Rediscovered Archived on March 27, 2012. , michelebeverly.com; accessed December 19, 2016.
- ↑ Lois Weber, writing exigence
- ↑ Richard Koszarski, An Evening's Entertainment: The Age of the Silent Feature Picture, 1915–1928 (University of California Press, 1994): 223.
- ↑ Linda Seger, When Women Call the Shots: The Developing Power and Influence of Women in Television and Film (iUniverse, 2003): 8.
- ↑ Women Behind the Camera: Women as Directors Archived on May 14, 2012.
- ↑ Louella O. Brown, "Pathe, FBO, Radio Victor Merge Stirs Movieland", Rochester Evening Journal and the Post Express (December 27, 1928): 22.
- ↑ Hedda Hopper, "Lois Weber Critically III: Pioneer of Films, in Hospital, Fights Ravages of Stomach Ailment", Los Angeles Times (November 6, 1939): A1.
- ↑ 1 2 Cari Beauchamp, Without Lying Down: Frances Marion and the Powerful Women of Early Hollywood (University of California Press, 1998): 35-36, 41, 112, 149, 193, 282-83, 346.
- ↑ 1 2 Gwendolyn Audrey Foster, Women Film Directors: An International Bio-critical Dictionary (Greenwood Publishing Group, 1995): 366.
- ↑ Awards for Lois Weber . Internet Movie Database. Date of treatment May 7, 2013.