The Jewish Committee of 1809 is an institution in the Russian Empire , composed of the highest representatives of the Russian government, convened to revise the laws on Jews .
| Jewish Committee | |
|---|---|
| 1809 Committee Third Jewish Committee Committee for Jewish Affairs | |
| Base | |
| Established | |
| Liquidation | |
The Committee replaced the previous Jewish Committee [1] , which was closed after the Russian Emperor Alexander I issued the Highest Decree of December 29, 1808 ( January 10, 1809 ), in which “the ban on Jews was lifted until further notice” Russian villages and villages where they previously contained shinks, taverns and inns (the aforementioned prohibition for Jews re-entered into force in 1823 [2] ) [3] .
(artist Lumpy the Elder )
In historical literature, it is also referred to as the “ Committee of Senator Popov ” [1] or the “ Third Jewish Committee ” or the “ Committee for Jewish Affairs ” [3] [4] .
It was formed on the proposal of the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Russian Empire, Prince Alexei Borisovich Kurakin, dated December 23, 1808 ( January 4, 1809 ), which stated that the eviction of Jews from counties prescribed by the "Regulations on the Jews of 1804" [5] should be permanently canceled [ 1] [6] .
Following this, a special committee was established in the name of Senator V. S. Popov to consider the eviction and other circumstances created by the Statute on the Jews of 1804 [7] [1] .
The committee worked (with the close participation of Senator I. A. Alekseev ) for three years, and on March 17 ( 29 ), 1812, he signed an extensive and most comprehensive report, in which he stated that the eviction of Jews from counties should be completely canceled [8] . The report was not highly approved, probably due to the invasion of Napoleon’s army in Russia and the outbreak of the Patriotic War of 1812 . The report was fully printed in the Russian Archive (1903, Prince II) from the papers of the Russian historian M. F. Shugurov , and the notes on the manuscript were incorrectly attributed to Emperor Alexander I [1] .
By the highest decree of May 5 ( 17 ), 1818, the Jewish Committee was disbanded, and its functions were assigned to the Ministry of Spiritual Affairs and Public Education of the Russian Empire [9] , in which a permanent mission worked from the " deputies of the Jewish people" [3] [10] [11] .
Five years later, a new Jewish Committee was created in Russia [3] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Hessen Yu. I. Jewish Committees // Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron . - SPb. , 1908-1913.
- ↑ First Complete Law Collection, XXX, No. 27, 363, No. 29443.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Jewish Committees // Great Russian Encyclopedia : [in 35 vol.] / Ch. ed. Yu.S. Osipov . - M .: Great Russian Encyclopedia, 2004—2017.
- ↑ Golitsyn N.N. "History of Russian Jewish law."
- ↑ Statute of the Jews of 1804 // Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron . - SPb. , 1908-1913.
- ↑ Orshansky I.G. "Russian laws on Jews."
- ↑ The Russian Archive , 1903, Book II (report of the 1809 Committee, where there is information about the 1806 Committee).
- ↑ Hessen Yu. I. Eviction of Jews in Russia // Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron . - SPb. , 1908-1913.
- ↑ Jewish Committee // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ Gunzburg E. G. “We accept the courage to humbly ask ...” / Publications and comments by M. V. Witenberg // Herald of the Hebrew University. 1999. No. 1.
- ↑ Mindlin A. B. “Government Committees, Commissions and Meetings on the Jewish Question in Russia in the 19th – Early 20th Centuries” // History. 2000. Number 8.
Literature
- Varadinov . “History of the Ministry of the Interior,” Volume II, Part II, 483 and 576.
- Second academic publication of Derzhavin's works, vol. 6, page 761.
- Hessen Yu. I. “Jews in Russia”, 317, 327-366 and 337 (notes).
- First Complete Collection of Laws, XXX, No. 27, 363, No. 29443.