The 277th Bomber Aviation Mlavsky Red Banner Regiment (277th BAP) is an aviation regiment that took part in the Great Patriotic War and became part of the Russian Air Force after the collapse of the USSR.
 277th Aviation Bomber Regiment Mlava Red Banner Regiment | |
|---|---|
| Awards |  |
| Honorary Items | "Mlavsky" |
| Troops |  Air force |
| Type of army | Bomber aircraft |
| Formation | 04/01/1941 |
| Battle way | |
The Great Patriotic War (1941 - 1945):
| |
Shelf History
- 277th short-range bomber aviation regiment ;
- 277th Bomber Aviation Regiment;
- The 277th Bomber Aviation Regiment of Mlava;
- The 277th Bomber Aviation Mlavsky Red Banner Regiment;
- 6988th air base;
- 6983th Guards Air Base;
- The 277th Bomber Aviation Mlavsky Red Banner Regiment;
- 277th Bomber Aviation Regiment (since 2015) [1]
- Military Unit (Field Mail) 23239;
- Military Unit (Field Post) 44346 (since 1970);
- Military Unit (Field Mail) 77983 [2]
Regiment History and Combat Path
The regiment began forming in April 1941 in the city of Kropotkin of the Krasnodar Territory as part of 2 squadrons on SB planes. The regiment completed its formation on September 13, 1941 at the airport in the city of Salsk, Rostov Region . Upon completion of the formation by order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Air Force of the Red Army, he received the name 277th short-range bomber aviation regiment . He joined the Air Force of the 56th Army of the Southern Front. Army air forces were in the formation stage. The regiment was transferred to the 73rd mixed aviation division on October 9, 1941, at that time there were 9 SB aircraft in the regiment. As part of the division, the regiment took part in the defense of the city of Taganrog, delivering assault and bombing attacks on advancing tanks and motorized convoys of the enemy [3] .
In June 1942, he was assigned to reorganize into the 11th reserve mixed aviation regiment in the city of Kirovabad, Azerbaijan SSR , where the regiment personnel was retrained for Douglas A-20B aircraft [3] .
On September 14, 1942, the regiment became part of the 219th Bomber Aviation Division of the Northern Group of Forces of the 4th Air Army of the Transcaucasian Front , and already on September 19 began combat work to defeat the Mozdok, Nizhne-Krupskaya and Gizel groups of the enemy. In this operation, the regiment made 187 sorties, which resulted in the destruction of: 9 aircraft, 82 tanks, 150 vehicles with manpower, 2 batteries, more than 1300 enemy soldiers and officers [3] .
From September 20 to September 27, 1942, the regiment performed combat missions assigned by the command of the Transcaucasian Front. For exemplary performance of tasks during this period, the commander of the 4th Air Army thanked the personnel of the regiment. In the battles of Mozdok, the New Kurp, the Upper Kurp, the soldiers of the regiment showed examples of courage, courage, heroism, skill and dedication. In the period from September 15, 1042 to January 5, 1943, in the battles during the defense of Mozdok, Grozny, Nalchik and Ordzhonikidze, the regiment lost up to 80% of military equipment and up to 60% of flight personnel [3] .
Since the beginning of 1943, the regiment, along with the division, was constantly relocating after the advancing troops, on January 8, from the Grozny airport, it was relocated to field airfields, continuing to carry out combat missions of delivering bombing strikes at railway stations, lines, bridges and clusters of vehicles, equipment and manpower of the enemy [4 ] .
In the air battles in the Kuban from April to July 1943, the regiment took an active part with all its forces. For excellent fighting and heroism in Taman and Kerch, the regiment’s personnel received four thanks from the Supreme Commander [4] . In September 1943, the division withdrew from the 4th Air Army, and from October 10, the regiment was withdrawn from the 219th Bomber Aviation Division and included in the 132nd Bomber Aviation Division [3] .
As part of the 132nd Bomber Aviation Division , which became part of the 4th Air Army, the regiment successfully fought in the Kerch-Eltigen landing operation from October 31 to December 11, 1943, and in 1944 in the Kerch-Sevastopol offensive operation where the regiment supported the Separate Army Primorsky Army [5] .
Since May 1944, the regiment, together with the division, became part of the 6th mixed air corps and participated in the Bobruisk and Lublin operations to defeat and destroy large enemy groups. In these operations, the regiment carried out 288 sorties, which resulted in great damage to the enemy in manpower and military equipment [3] .
In September 1944, the corps was renamed the 5th Bomber Aviation Corps . Since January 1945, the regiment took part in the defeat of the enemy forces in the northwestern regions of Poland in the area of the cities of Mlawa and Dzyadlovo). For excellent military operations and courage shown by the personnel, by order of the commander in chief from 02.19.45, the personnel was highly appreciated, and the regiment was given the honorary name Mlavsky [3] .
In the final days of the war, the regiment carried out military operations of the regiment on the territory of Northern Germany, inflicting crushing blows on the ports, boats and strong points of the enemy in the region of Breslau and the island of Rügen [3] .
In the army
As part of the army, the regiment was [6] :
- from October 1, 1941 to March 25, 1942,
- from September 17, 1942 to September 4, 1944;
- from December 6, 1944 to May 9, 1945.
Command
- captain, major, lieutenant colonel Kuzhelev Sergey Petrovich, 04.1941 - 12/04/1943 (died) [3] ;
- Major Boronin Ivan Konstantinovich, 12.1943 - 12.03.1944 (died) [3] ;
- Major Shcherbatykh Alexey Gavrilovich, 03/19/1944 - 05/1945 [3] .
Participation in operations and battles
- Rostov operation (1941) - from November 22, 1941 to December 2, 1941.
- The North Caucasus operation [7] - from September 17, 1942 to February 4, 1943.
- Mozdok-Malgobek operation [7] - from September 17, 1942 to September 28, 1942.
- The Nalchik-Ordzhonikidze operation [7] - from October 25, 1942 to November 12, 1942.
- Krasnodar offensive operation [7] - from February 9, 1943 to May 24, 1943.
- Air battles in the Kuban [7] - from April to June 1943.
- Kerch-Eltigen landing operation - from October 31 to December 11, 1943.
- Crimean strategic offensive operation - from April 8, 1944 to May 12, 1944.
- The Belarusian operation "Bagration" [8] from June 23, 1944 to August 29, 1944
- Bobruisk operation from June 24, 1944 to June 29, 1944
- Minsk operation from June 29, 1944 to July 4, 1944
- Lublin-Brest operation from July 18, 1944 to August 2, 1944
- East Prussian operation [8] - from January 13, 1945 to April 25, 1945.
- The Mlaw-Elbing operation - from January 14, 1945 to January 26, 1945.
- East Pomeranian operation [8] - from February 10, 1945 to April 4, 1945.
- Koenigsberg operation - from April 6, 1945 to April 9, 1945.
- The Zemland operation [8] - from April 13, 1945 to April 25, 1945.
- The Berlin operation [8] - from April 16, 1945 to May 8, 1945.
Post-war period
After the war, the regiment was based at the Yavor airfield in Poland, being part of the 132nd bomber division. At the end of 1945, the regiment relocated to the Kolomyia airfield. In 1950, the regiment relocated to the Ivano-Frankivsk airfield, where in 1961 it received Il-28 aircraft, including the Il-28 Sh [9] .
In May 1954 (May 21, 1954), the regiment was relocated to the Brand airfield in Germany along with a division in the 24th Air Army of the GSVG. In 1965, the regiment received new aircraft - the Yak-28I , on which it flew until 1975. In 1967, the regiment relocated to the Finov airfield . In July 1967, the 132nd Bomber Aviation Sevastopol Division was withdrawn from the 24th Air Army of the GSVG and relocated to the airfields of the Kaliningrad Region, becoming part of the 30th Air Army of the Baltic Military District . The regiment remained at its airfield and entered directly into the 24th Air Army of the GSVG [9] .
In October 1970, the regiment was relocated to the Khurba airfield ( Komsomolsk-on-Amur , Khabarovsk Territory ) and became part of the 1st Air Army of the Far Eastern Military District . In 1972, the regiment became part of the newly created 83rd mixed aviation division with headquarters in the city of Komsomolsk-on-Amur .
In 1975, the regiment pilots were among the first in the Air Force to retrain for new Su-24 front-line bombers, which they operated until 1998. The regiment received the first five Su-24 aircraft from the 63rd bomber aviation regiment from the Chernyakhovsk airfield [1] [9] .
Since 1998, the regiment received the upgraded Su-24M . After the development of the modernized Su-24M following the results of combat training in 1999, the regiment was recognized as the best in the 11th Army of the Air Force and Air Defense. From 2000 to 2007, the regiment took 1st place among the bomber regiments of the 11th Air Force and Air Defense Army. For the courage, heroism and successes in the development of new technology, a number of officers of the regiment were awarded orders and medals [1] .
The regiment repeatedly participated in the elimination of ice congestion during the spring flood in Yakutia, where they carried out precision bombing of FAB-250 aerial bombs in river narrowings to prevent flooding of settlements and the destruction of hydraulic structures and bridges [1] .
In 2001, the division was disbanded and the regiment became part of the 11th Army of the Air Force and Air Defense . Since March 1, 2009, the regiment became part of the 3rd Red Banner Command of the Air Force and Air Defense of the Eastern Military District , and after its transformation, from August 1, 2015 into the 11th Red Banner Army of the Air Force and Air Defense [9] .
In connection with the reorganization, at the end of 2009, the 6988th Mlava 1st Class Air Base was created on the basis of the regiment at the Khurba aerodrome. The 302nd Bomber Aviation Regiment ( Pereyaslovka ) and the 523rd Bomber Aviation Regiment ( Pozhaevka ) were disbanded, equipment and weapons were transferred to the 6988th Mlava Aviation Base of the 1st category [1] .
In 2011, the 6983rd Guards Aviation Vitebsk twice-red banner of the Orders of Suvorov and Legion of Honor base Normandy-Neman 1st category [1] was formed on the basis of the 6988th Mlava aviation base of the 1st category [1] .
In 2015, in Komsomolsk-on-Amur, the 303rd mixed aviation Smolensk Red Banner Order of the Suvorov Division was restored and the 277th Bomber Aviation Regiment, which became part of it, was re-formed.
Since August 2016, the regiment began to arm itself with Su-34 aircraft [10] [11] .
Rewards
The 277th bomber aviation Mlava regiment was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of War by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
Honorary Names
On the basis of Order No. 232 of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of January 19, 1945, the 277th Bomber Aviation Regiment was given the honorary name "Mlavsky" [12] .
Acknowledgments from the Supreme Commander
The soldiers of the regiment in the 8th Guards Bomber Aviation Division were thanked by the Supreme Commander:
- For the possession of the cities of Katowice , Siemianowice, Krulevsk Guta ( Koenigshütte ), Mikolów (Nikolai) and the town of Beuten in Silesia [13] in the Dombrowski coal district .
- For the defeat of the encircled enemy group south-west of Oppeln and the capture in Silesia of the cities of Neustadt, Kozel, Steinau , Sylz , Krappitz, Ober-Glogau, Falkenberg [14] .
- For the mastery of the city and the fortress of Breslavl (Breslau) [15] .
Armed aircraft
| Period | Aircraft |
|---|---|
| 1941 - 1942 | Sat [9] |
| 1942 - 1951 | A-20 Boston ( Douglas A-20 Havoc ) [9] |
| 1951 - 1965 | IL-28 Sh [9] |
| 1965 - 1975 | Yak-28 And [9] |
| 1975 - 1998 | Su-24 [9] |
| 1998 - p.t. | Su-24 M [9] |
| 2016 - p.t. | Su-34 [10] |
Basing
| Period | Location |
|---|---|
| 05.1945 - 12.1945 | Aerodrome Javor [9] , Austria ) |
| 12.1945 - 1950 | airfield Kolomyia [9] , Ivano-Frankivsk region |
| 1950 - 05/21/1954 | airfield Stanislav [9] , Ivano-Frankivsk , Ukrainian SSR |
| 05/21/1954 - 1967 | Brand airfield [9] , Germany |
| 1967 - 10.1970 | Finov airfield [9] , Germany |
| 10.1970 - present | Khurba airfield [9] , Khabarovsk Territory |
Flight Accidents
- In the spring of 1998, on the Su-24M (tail number “04”), during landing approach due to a hydraulic system failure, the main landing gear racks were not released. The crew made passes over the runway, trying to overload to release the main landing gear. When this failed, it was decided to land on the ground. The navigator threw a flashlight over the near driving radio beacon, and the emergency landing was successful [1] .
- On August 23, 2007, during a training flight on the Su-24M (tail number "63"), a fire broke out in the cockpit compartment. The crew safely ejected [1] .
- On February 15, 2008, an engine failure occurred on the Su-24M in flight, the pilots acted competently and performed a safe landing on one working engine [1] .
- In March 2013, an accident occurred due to a pilot’s error, which damaged the Su-24M2. During taxiing, the plane crashed into the APA-5D airfield mobile unit [1] .
- On July 6, 2015, a Su-24M2 crashed while taking off from the Khurba aerodrome, both pilots died. After the plane took off from the runway, the engine failed, the plane suddenly fell into the left bank and collided with the ground. The plane crashed near the runway. The plane had suspended bombs [1] .
- On July 31, 2018, when landing at the Khurba aerodrome after completing a training flight, the Su-34 rolled out of the regiment 500 meters outside the runway. The plane was not damaged, there were no injuries [16] The reason was the failure of the brake parachute release system [17] .
- On January 18, 2019, during a training flight over the Sea of Japan over the Tatar Strait , 35 km from the coast, during a maneuver, there was a collision in the air of two Su-34 aircraft from the regiment. The flight was carried out in difficult meteorological conditions and without ammunition. The crews of both aircraft, four pilots, ejected [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] , but only the navigator of one of the crews was found alive and saved [23] .
See also
- List of operations of the armed forces of the USSR in World War II
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Sergey Linnik. Khurba airfield . Military Review (September 29, 2015). Date of treatment January 27, 2019. Archived January 27, 2019.
- ↑ Alexandra Balandin. “Felt a blow”: what the navigator of the Su-34 . Newspaper.Ru . JSC "Gazeta.ru" (01/25/2019). Date of treatment January 25, 2019.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 D. Kharin. The 277th Mlavsky Red Banner Aviation Regiment . Aviators of the Second World War . D. Harin (January 25, 2019). Date of treatment January 25, 2019.
- ↑ 1 2 Headquarters 4 VA. The combat characteristic for 219 bad . Electronic resource "Memory of the people . " The Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (08/01/1943). Date of treatment December 4, 2016.
- ↑ S.N. Tkachenko. Crimea 1944. Spring of Liberation / S.N. Tkachenko. - Biographies and memoirs. - M .: Publishing House Veche LLC, 2014 .-- S. 21. - 512 p. - (Military secrets of the XX century). - ISBN 978-5-4444-2224-3 .
- ↑ Collective of authors. List No. 12 of the aviation regiments of the Air Force of the Red Army, which were part of the Active Army during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. / Pokrovsky. - The Ministry of Defense of the USSR. Military Scientific Directorate of the General Staff. - M .: Military Publishing House, 1960. - T. Appendix to the Directive of the General Staff of January 18, 1960 No. 170023. - 96 p.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Collective of authors . World War II: Divisional Commanders. Military Biographical Dictionary / V.P. Goremykin. - M .: Kuchkovo field, 2014 .-- T. 2. - S. 413 ,. - 1000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-9950-0341-0 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Collective of authors . World War II: Comcor. Military Biographical Dictionary / Edited by M. G. Vozhakin . - M .; Zhukovsky: Kuchkovo Field, 2006 .-- T. 2 .-- S. 363-364. - ISBN 5-901679-08-3 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Michael Holm. 277th Mlavskiy Red Banner Bomber Aviation Regiment . Soviet Armed Forces 1945-1991 (26 January 2019). Date of treatment January 26, 2019. Archived February 12, 2013.
- ↑ 1 2 New Su-34 arrived in the air unit near Komsomolsk-on-Amur on August 31, 2016
- ↑ The Russian Air Forces received four Su-34 bombers (Russian) , Interfax.ru (December 23, 2016). Date of treatment December 23, 2016.
- ↑ Supreme Commander. Order No. 232 of 01/19/1945 // Orders of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief during the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union. Collection / Collective of authors. - The Ministry of Defense of the USSR. Institute of Military History of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR. Military Scientific Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR. - Moscow: Military Publishing, 1975 .-- S. 214-215. - 598 p.
- ↑ Supreme Commander. Order No. 261 of January 28, 1945 // Orders of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief during the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union. Collection / Collective of authors. - The Ministry of Defense of the USSR. Institute of Military History of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR. Military Scientific Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR. - Moscow: Military Publishing, 1975 .-- S. 342-344. - 598 p.
- ↑ Supreme Commander. Order No. 305 of 03/22/1945 // Orders of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief during the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union. Collection / Collective of authors. - The Ministry of Defense of the USSR. Institute of Military History of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR. Military Scientific Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR. - Moscow: Military Publishing House, 1975 .-- S. 405–407. - 598 p.
- ↑ Supreme Commander. Order No. 364 of 05/07/1945 // Orders of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief during the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union. Collection / Collective of authors. - The Ministry of Defense of the USSR. Institute of Military History of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR. Military Scientific Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR. - Moscow: Military Publishing, 1975. - S. 503–504. - 598 p.
- ↑ In the Khabarovsk Territory, the Su-34 bomber rolled out of the runway . TASS (August 1, 2018). Date of treatment January 20, 2019.
- ↑ Artyom Andreev. Su-34 rolled out of the runway in the Khabarovsk Territory . Life.ru (August 1, 2018). Date of treatment January 20, 2019. Archived January 20, 2019.
- ↑ Pavel Nastin. Two Su-34 crashed in the Far East . TV channel "Star". Date of treatment January 18, 2019.
- ↑ One of the crashed Su-34s was able to land with a failed engine (Russian) , Interfax (January 18, 2019).
- ↑ Collision of two Su-34s in the Far East . TASS (October 18, 2019). Date of treatment January 18, 2019.
- ↑ Crash of the Su-34 in the Far East . RIA Novosti (January 18, 2019). Date of treatment January 18, 2019.
- ↑ Experts have explained the collision of two Su-34 // Look , January 18, 2019
- ↑ Details of the salvation of the Su-34 pilots became known // Glance , January 19, 2019
Literature
- Team of authors. 2nd Air Army in the battles for the homeland. - VVA printing house. - Monino: Air Force Red Banner Academy, 1965. - 435 p., [38] p. ph. : phot. with. - BBK 63.3 (2) 622 p. - (Military history).