Peter Milner ( Eng. Peter Milner , June 13, 1919 - June 2, 2018 ) was a Canadian neuroscientist and psychophysiologist who (together with James Olds ) opened in 1954 a pleasure center in the brain. The husband of Canadian neuropsychologist Brenda Milner .
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Content
Biography
Peter Milner was born in Great Britain in 1919 to the family of chemist David William Milner and former school teacher Edith Ann Marshall [3] . According to family tradition, one of Milner's ancestors was chemist Joseph Priestley , who discovered oxygen [3] .
Peter spent his early years in a small village in the south of Yorkshire near the city of Barnsley [3] . When Peter was five years old, the family moved to Barnsley [3] . In 1941 he graduated from the University of Leeds with a bachelor's degree in engineering [3] .
During the Second World War, he worked as an engineer, dealing with issues of radar and nuclear energy [4] . In the fall of 1944, he came to Canada for work related to atomic energy [4] . However, he became interested in studying the brain after becoming acquainted with the ideas of the Canadian psychophysiologist Donald Hebb of McGill University and became his graduate student [4] .
In 1954, working together with James Olds , he discovered that electrical stimulation of the rostral hypothalamus in rats ( pleasure centers ) can act as a reward for behavioral actions [5] . This work has become a classic and has influenced a lot of research in the field of neurobiology of learning and memory [4] . In addition, these studies served as an important milestone for research on the neural basis of drug addiction [4] .
In 1956 he was appointed assistant professor of psychology at McGill University , in this position he remained throughout his academic career [4] .
In 1970 he published, which became widely known, the textbook Physiological Psychology [6] , which became one of the first textbooks on psychophysiology [4] . In 1973, this textbook was translated into Russian by O. S. Vinogradova , edited by A. R. Luria [7] .
In 1999 he published the monograph “Autonomous brain”, in which he presented his view on how behavior is generated by spontaneous brain activity [4] .
He died on June 2, 2018 at the age of 98 [4] .
Awards
- Distinguished Professor of McGill University (1991) [3] .
- Gold Medal for outstanding contribution to Canadian psychology from the Canadian Psychological Society [4] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 http://montrealgazette.com/news/local-news/life-stories-neuroscience-pioneer-peter-milner-taught-at-mcgill
- 2 1 2 https://www.mcgill.ca/psychology/article/remembering-peter-m-milner-1919-2018
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Autobiography of Peter Milner . // The History of Neuroscience, vol. eight.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Peter Milner 1919–2018 . // The Canadian Association for Neuroscience
- ↑ Olds, J., & Milner, P. (1954). Positive reinforcement of rat brain. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 47 (6), 419-427. doi: 10.1037 / h0058775
- ↑ Milner P. Physiological Psychology. Holt, Rinehart & Winston of Canada Ltd., 1970. ISBN 978-0030809743
- ↑ Milner P. Physiological Psychology. / trans. from English O. Vinogradova, ed. A. Luria. - M .: Mir, 1973.
Links
- Autobiography of Peter Milner . // The History of Neuroscience, vol. eight.