Ernst-Heinrich Schmauser ( German: Ernst-Heinrich Schmauser ; January 18, 1890 , - February 10, 1945 , Wroclaw district, Third Reich ) - high-ranking SS officer from the Third Reich , SS Obergruppenführer (1937), police general and Waffen SS .
| Ernst-Heinrich Schmauser | |||||||||||||
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| him. Ernst-heinrich schmauser | |||||||||||||
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| Date of Birth | January 18, 1890 | ||||||||||||
| Place of Birth | Hof (Hall) , Kingdom of Bavaria , German Empire | ||||||||||||
| Date of death | February 10, 1945 (55 years old) | ||||||||||||
| Place of death | Wroclaw district, Third Reich | ||||||||||||
| Affiliation |  German Empire Third Reich | ||||||||||||
| Type of army |  SS troops | ||||||||||||
| Years of service | 1914 - 1945 | ||||||||||||
| Rank | Obergruppenfuhrer SS police general and waffen ss | ||||||||||||
| Commanded | senior chief of SS and police "Southeast" | ||||||||||||
| Battles / wars | World War I The Second World War | ||||||||||||
| Awards and prizes | german empire
Third Reich
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Content
Biography
Born in Bavaria. The son of a businessman. He graduated from high school in Bayreuth . After serving a year urgent in the 11th Bavarian Infantry Regiment von der Tann, he joined the Saxon royal army as a fan-cadet . He graduated from a military school in Hanover .
Member of the First World War, Schmauser served in the infantry on the Western Front . He was wounded three times.
In 1919 he received the rank of captain and retired from the ranks of the German imperial army with the right to wear a military uniform.
Until 1933 he worked as a cashier in a bank. In 1924 - member of the radical nationalist party Deutschvölkische Freiheitspartei.
In March 1930 he joined the NSDAP , and in October of the same year - in the SS . In 1932, he headed the SS of the province of Saxony .
From September 10, 1932 to February 20, 1934, SS Standartenfuhrer Ernst-Heinrich Schmauser led the assault troops (XVI SS Zwickau Absnit) [1] .
In 1932 he was elected to the Reichstag of the Weimar Republic from the NSDAP .
At the end of July 1933, at the request of Heinrich Himmler, he left his job in Saxony and took over the leadership of the southern SS department, headquartered in Munich . April 1, 1936 was appointed commander of the SS fleet with headquarters in Nuremberg .
From 1937 - SS Obergruppenführer , and from May 20, 1941 - Police General.
He headed the SS of Breslau and Silesia (was wounded in 1942 and spent almost a year in the hospital). Later - the head of the SS services in the southeast of the Reich.
In 1941 and 1942 he accompanied Himmler during his visits to the Auschwitz concentration camp.
Since 1944 he became the Obergruppenfuhrer of the Waffen SS .
On January 20, 1945, shortly before parts of the 1st Ukrainian Front liberated the Auschwitz concentration camp, 700 prisoners were killed by order of Schmauser [2] .
On February 10, 1945, Schmauser drove towards Breslau by car, ignoring warnings about blocking the road as a result of the breakthrough of Soviet tanks. Since then, he has been reported missing. Apparently, fell into the hands of the Red Army and was shot on the spot or later in captivity. According to some reports, 02/10/1945 was captured at the village of Altenrode in Lower Silesia and died in captivity on 12/31/1945 [3] .
Rewards
- Iron Cross (1918) 2nd and 1st grade class ( Kingdom of Prussia )
- Order of Albrecht 2nd Class Knight's Cross ( Kingdom of Saxony )
- Military Order of St. Henry Knight's Cross ( Kingdom of Saxony ) (November 9, 1915)
- Breastplate “For the wounded” (1918) in silver and black ( German Empire )
- Honorary Cross of World War I 1914/1918 with swords
- Cross “For Military Merit” 2nd and 1st grade with swords
- Medal "For the length of service in the NSDAP" 3 degrees
- Medal "For the length of service in the SS"
- Golden party badge of the NSDAP
- Ring "Dead Head"
- Reichsführer SS Honor Sword
- Chevron of the old fighter
- Yule lamp
- German honorary Olympic badge of the 1st class “For special merits in the organization of games”
Notes
- ↑ Utho Grieser, 1974 , S. 346.
- ↑ Laurence Rees, 2005 , S. 352.
- ↑ Admirals and generals of the Wehrmacht, CC and police in Soviet captivity
Literature
- Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Dritten Reich . Aktualisierte 2. Auflage. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-596-16048-8 . (German)
- Ruth Bettina Birn: Die Höheren SS- und Polizeiführer. Himmlers Vertreter im Reich und in den besetzten Gebieten. Droste Verlag, Düsseldorf 1986, ISBN 3-7700-0710-7 .
- Ernst Klee: Auschwitz. Täter, Gehilfen, Opfer und was aus ihnen wurde. Ein Personenlexikon. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2013, ISBN 978-3-10-039333-3 .
- Utho Grieser: Himmlers Mann in Nürnberg. Der Fall Benno Martin. Eine Studie zur Struktur des 3. Reiches in der "Stadt der Reichsparteitage". (= Nürnberger Werkstücke zur Stadt- und Landesgeschichte, Band 13). Stadtarchiv Nürnberg, Nürnberg 1974, ISBN 3-87432-025-1 .