The history of Seville begins in ancient times, when the first people settled in the current center of Seville [1] [2] .
Content
BC
The first settlement that arose on the territory of Seville is the Phoenician settlement of Cefele, which appeared in the 3rd millennium BC. e. It was here, on the site of this settlement, the Romans in the middle of the II century BC. e. founded the city of Ispalis ( Gispalis ), which became a Roman colony.
In 206 BC e. north of Santiponce , 9 km northwest of modern Seville, the city of Italica was founded for the settlement of Roman troops. In fact, this was the first colony of the Romans in Spain [3] [4] . In 49 BC e. Italica was renamed Julius Caesar into Hispalis [5] and thereby became the official colony of the Roman Empire.
AD
In the 5th – 6th centuries, present-day Andalusia was captured by vandals, Sueva and Visigoths, and in
In 712, the Arabs conquered the city . Seville became the capital of the kings of the Umayyad Caliphate during the VIII-XIII centuries. The current name of Seville comes from the name of the province of Ishbilla, the capital of which was the city after the conquest of the Arabs. First, the Almoravid dynasty ruled here, and later the Almohad dynasty. In 844, the Normans destroyed the city.
In the XI century, after the collapse of the Cordoba caliphate into feudal possessions in Seville, the Taif dynasty strengthened. By the end of the century, Sevilla was captured by the Berbers . Since 1248, Seville has become the city of Christian Spaniards since the year when the troops of Ferdinand III of Castile captured the city.
After the discovery of America , in the XVI and XVII centuries, Seville turned into the main trading port of the Spanish Empire , as well as a center of art.
During the Inquisition, about 30 thousand Moorish artisans fled from Seville, which led to the fall of the city. The development of the new port of Cadiz also influenced this. This was followed by a plague epidemic (1649), which reduced the population of the city. Further, the transfer in 1717 to Cadiz, Casa de la Contratación, which controlled trade with America, further weakened the significance of the city. In 1729, Seville became the center of a treaty of peace and friendship between Spain, France , England and the Netherlands .
XIX century
In 1808, Seville became a center of resistance to the invasion of the French, led by Napoleon [6] .
XX century
In 1992, celebrations of the 500th anniversary of the discovery of America were held in Seville [7] [8] .
Current status
In 2005, Seville celebrated the centenary of the Seville Football Club , and in 2007, Real Betis .
Notes
- ↑ José María de Mena. Historia de Sevilla . - Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial España, 2011-02-18. - 384 p. - ISBN 9788401347641 .
- ↑ Antonio Blanco Freijeiro, Francisco Morales Padrón. Historia de Sevilla . - Universidad de Sevilla, 1992 .-- 596 p. - ISBN 9788474058185 .
- ↑ Spain and Portugal . - Oguise, Gos. Scientific Institute "Soviet Encyclopedia", 1947. - 570 p.
- ↑ Otto Yulievich Schmidt. Great Soviet Encyclopedia . - Soviet Encyclopedia, 1935 .-- 442 p.
- ↑ Edmund Fitzgerald. The AQALAN Initiative . - BookBaby, 2012-11-15. - 296 p. - ISBN 9781624882791 .
- ↑ José Manuel Cuenca Toribio. Historia de Sevilla: Sevilla en el siglo XIX . - Universidad de Sevilla, 1991 .-- 310 p. - ISBN 9788474056495 .
- ↑ Historia de Sevilla: Sevilla en el Siglo XX . - Universidad de Sevilla, 1982.- 390 p. - ISBN 9788474052374 .
- ↑ Alfonso Braojos Garrido, Leandro Álvarez Rey. Sevilla en el siglo XX . - Universidad de Sevilla, 1990 .-- 276 p. - ISBN 9788474055856 .