Nicolas de Arles, Cieur de Sansy (fr. Nicolas de Harlay, sieur de Sancy ; 1546 - 1629 , Moth) - French politician and diplomat during the reign of Henry IV . Known for the fact that the famous Sansi diamond was named after him.
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Biography
The son of Robert de Arles de Sancy, who was an adviser to the Paris Parliament , and Jacqueline II de Morenville, mistress of Moth. The family belonged to the Protestant church , so in 1572 , after Bartholomew’s night , Nicolas de Harle was forced to convert to Catholicism. Among his ancestors are prominent 15th-century politicians Jacques Coeur and 14th-century Etienne Marcel [3] [4] [5] [6] .
Being in the service of King Henry III in 1589, he gathered an army of Swiss mercenaries , demonstrating his diplomatic skills: Nicolas de Arles campaigned in Savoy , without spending any money on it. From 1594 to 1599, he served as the caretaker of buildings. From 1596 to 1605, he was the commander of the Swiss mercenaries with the rank of colonel general. Thanks to his military exploits, he became famous at the royal court, and his court career began during the reign of the first Bourbons. Being very wealthy, de Arles since 1594 became a member of the Finance Council under Henry IV and a superintendent of finance [7] .
In 1596 he was appointed ambassador to London [8] . Together with Guillaume du Vaire and Marshal of Bouillon, he discussed the creation of an alliance against Spain, which besieged Calais . De Arles also met with Queen Elizabeth I.
In 1597, he married Marie Moreau [7] , daughter of the treasurer of King Henry II Raul Moreau. They had 9 children, two of whom died at an early age.
In 1605, as a result of court intrigues, he resigned.
In 1612, already at a very advanced age, he went on an expedition to Brazil with the aim of founding the French colony of Equatorial France and the city of San Luis de Maranhão . The expedition to America was directed by Carl De Vaux and Daniel de la Touche, Ciera de Ravardieu, with financial support from the Razilli family. However, the expedition was not successful, and in 1615 the Portuguese ousted the French from Brazil.
The date of death of Nicolas de Arles is uncertain. According to some reports, he died on March 27, 1629 [9] , according to others - on October 13, 1629 in the Mol. He was buried with his wife in the church of Saint Nicolas de Champ in Paris [9] .
Sansi Diamond
Nicolas de Arles de Sancy owned two large diamonds named after him. One of them, the Sansi diamond weighing 55.23 carats (11.046 grams), according to various versions, was bought either at the Ottoman court in Istanbul , or from the applicant to the Portuguese throne of Antonio’s house [10] . Nicolas de Arles tried several times to resell this truly royal decoration to various reigning persons. In particular, this diamond was trying to buy the Duke of Mantua Vincenzo I Gonzaga . In 1589, de Sancy lent a diamond to the king of France, Henry III , who recruited soldiers with money received on his bail; later, for the same purpose, the diamond was used by Henry IV . In the end, the Sansi diamond was sold in 1604 to the King of England Jacob I for 60 thousand ecu . Subsequently, it was bought from the Queen of England by Henrietta of France, Cardinal Mazarin and presented to his godson, Louis XIV . The diamond adorned the crown of Louis XV ; it was worn by Marie Antoinette . Having changed several owners, including Pavel Demidov and the Astorov family of American millionaires, the Sansi diamond is currently in the Louvre collections (in the Apollo gallery) [10] .
The Sansi diamond and his stay in Russia are beaten by Anatoly Rybakov in the novel “The Bronze Bird” .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 British Museum person-institution thesaurus
- ↑ 1 2 Faceted Application of Subject Terminology
- ↑ His grandfather Louis I of Harleet (circa 1463-1544), Robert's father (circa 1517-1560), was the husband of Germain Coeur (died in 1493), the daughter of Jeffroy Coeur and granddaughter of Jacques Coeur , who is considered the founder of French capitalism. Louis's parents were Jean de Harleil and Louise Luis (died in 1460). Louise was the daughter of Jean II Lluie, the son of Jean I and Marie Marcel, daughter of the famous Etienne Marcel .
- ↑ Harlay, p. 3, 7, 10 . Racines & Histoire .
- ↑ Coeur, p. 2 . Racines & Histoire .
- ↑ Luillier, p. 2 . Racines & Histoire .
- ↑ 1 2 Jacques Tréton, Histoire de Montainville en Pincerais , 1998, p. 195
- ↑ Luc-Normand Tellier, Face Aux Colbert: Les le Tellier , Vauban, Turgot. (1987), P ..
- ↑ 1 2 Anselme de Sainte Marie, Histoire Généalogique et Chronologique de la Maison Royale de France , 1733, p. 803.
- ↑ 1 2 George E. Harlow. The Sancy // The Nature of Diamonds. - Cambridge University Press, 1998. - P. 106-107. - ISBN 0-521-62935-7 .