Kalmatsky (Brod)

The archaeological site is a settlement, a parking and a burial ground in the Kalmatsky Brod tract (Sverdlovsk region).

It was discovered and first studied in 1906-1907. Parking and settlement "Kalmatsky ford" refers to the late period of the Shigir culture. ^[one]

N. K. Chupin in the book “Geographical and Statistical Dictionary of the Perm Province”, 1873, volume II, writes that the location of the monument was known to archaeologists at the end of the 19th century : “Kalmatsky ford on r. Pyshme, where the Novo-Pyshminskaya settlement was then built, which is now Novopyshminskoye village, in Kamyshlovskiy district. The tract is mentioned in the old affairs of the Uktusskaya plant, which are kept in the archives of the main office of the Ekaterinburg factories. ” ^[2]

The main investigator of the archaeological sites located in the Sverdlovsk Region was P. A. Dmitriev (a native of the city of Tyumen). He conducted the excavation of the Kalmatsky Brod site in the eponymous tract 18 km from Sverdlovsk from 1926 to 1940 and examined the burial ground located on the site. ^[3]

On the territory of the monument, excavations were carried out on the late Iron Age burial ground, which was a small rectangular pit. Great interest was caused by the burials, in which a large deformed skull and a copper leaf bowl and a female burial were found, since archeologists found many ornaments in it. An anthropological study of skulls from the burials of Kalmatsky Brod has made it possible to establish that the physical appearance of a man of the 3rd — 5th centuries of our era is similar in type to modern Bashkirs. ^[four]

P. A. Dmitriev in the “Catalog of Archeological Collections of the Upper Pyshminsky Historical Museum” (S. N. Panina, Yekaterinburg, 2003) writes: “26 burials were opened, some of which were accompanied by copper boilers, Celts, iron knives, drilled stone pendants and clay round-bottomed pots decorated with comb stamp stamps. " ^[five]