Ay-Petrinskaya Yaila ( Ukrainian: Ay-Petrinskaya Yaila , Crimean-Tat. Ay Petri Yaylası, Ay Petri Yailasy ) - yaila ( plateau ) in the western part of the Main ridge of the Crimean Mountains .
| Ai-Petrinskaya Yayla | |
|---|---|
| Ukrainian Ay-Petrinska yayla , Crimean-Tat. Ay Petri Yaylası | |
 View of Ai-Petrinskaya Yayla from its eastern tip. Ai-Petri prongs are visible on the left side, the distant elevation on the right side of the image is Mount Beden-Kyr. | |
| Characteristics | |
| Length | 30 km |
| Width | 2.5-4.5 km |
| Highest point | |
| Highest peak | mountain of rock |
| Highest point | 1346 m |
| Location | |
| A country |
|
| Region | Crimea |
Content
- 1 Geographical Description
- 2 Transport accessibility
- 3 Weather Station on Ai-Petri
- 4 Sikorsky reservoir
- 5 Attractions
- 6 notes
- 7 References
Geographical Description
In the southwest it borders on the Baydarskaya Yayla , in the northeast it smoothly passes into the Yalta . The average altitude is from 1200–1300 m above sea level in the east to 600–700 m in the west. The highest point of the Yayla is Mount Roka (1349 m, located in the extreme northeast of the Yayla [2] ), the second highest mountain is Beden-Kir - 1320 m, and the most famous is the picturesque peak of Ai-Petri (1234 m). From Mount Roca in the east to the Baydar Gate in the west, the average height of the plateau gradually decreases from 1200–1300 to 600–700 meters above sea level. In the environs of Kastropol , Mukhalatki and Foros, the cliffs of yayl come very close to the sea. Most (south, in the territory of the city district of Yalta) eggs are part of the Yalta Mountain Forest Reserve , the western part in the territory of Sevastopol is occupied by the Baidar Reserve , the eastern part in the Bakhchisarai District - the reserve Ai-Petrinskaya Yayla . Mount Beden-Kir (Perepelinaya) is a military radio station.
Transport accessibility
The mountain road Bakhchisaray-Yalta 35K-020 T-01-17 [3] [4] passes through Ai-Petrinskaya Yayla, along which minibuses run from Yalta to the plateau. The yaila is also connected to the sea coast by the Miskhor - Ai-Petri cable car [5] .
Ai-Petri Weather Station
The weather station was founded in 1895. It was the main physical Pulkovo Observatory at the Shishko rock. In addition to meteorological observations, work was carried out on hydrology, botany, soil science, astronomy, zoology. From 1905 to 1932, the head of the weather station, K. F. Lewandowski, headed research work on winds and atmospheric electricity. Two more weather stations operate on Ai-Petri: in the tracts Besh-Tekne and Ai-Dmitry. They were created by the Yalta Hydrogeological and Engineering-Geological Party of the Ministry of Geology in 1963 to determine the main articles of the water balance of fractured-karst waters [6] .
Sikorsky Reservoir
In 1867, a special expedition was sent to the Crimea, which developed and recommended measures for watering the Crimea. Engineers A. V. Kondradi, I. K. Sikorsky, K. D. Keltser, hydrologists N. V. Rukhlov, D. I. Kocherin, geographer A. A. Kruber , hydrogeologist N. A. Golovkinsky , soil scientist worked on eggs. Klepinin N.N. , botanist E.V. Wulf , biologist I.I. Puzanov - they gave practical advice and recommendations for improving the use of eggs.
But as N.V. Rukhlov notes in 1915:
some of her advice was not implemented due to lack of funds, while the costs envisaged were very large, while others that were implemented were not successful
In memory of these works, two walls can be found on the yail. One was built to hold snow on the yayl and was the embodiment of the recommendation of the yayla researchers. The second wall - a dam densely overgrown with grass, blocking the valley, was designed by the engineer I.K.Sikorsky in 1906. According to his own project, a capture was built to use groundwater below the Massandra Falls.
The uniqueness of the reservoir is that it is the first and only reservoir built on the Yail on the basis of accurate engineering calculations and accumulated scientific data. Sikorsky used an analysis of weather conditions and the regime of Livonian sources, which had been monitored for 20 years before. The Sikorsky reservoir was filled with melt and rainwater, supplying numerous flocks of sheep on the egg. The reservoir became empty after the earthquake in 1927.
Attractions
In 1913-1918, the Main Directorate of Land Management and Agriculture - the Department of Land Improvements on Ai-Petri conducted surveys. The expedition established a geodetic sign of its original form - a stone foot with a cast-iron ball, now known as the Ai-Petrinsky Meridian. The plate on the building reads “G. U. Z. and 3. 0.3. U. The main frame of Crimean water surveys. Established in 1913 . ". Currently, the sign is located several hundred meters from the weather station. During the war, the sign was damaged, and later restored [7] .
One of the zones of active karst is located on Ai-Petrinskaya Yailo, many caves are open (up to 35 caves, and the total number of karst cavities is more than 230). Of these, three caves are located for tourists to visit, located compactly near the cableway station: Geophysical , Trekhglazka (Ledovaya or Vorontsovskaya) and Yalta . Skelskaya cave is located on the southernmost edge of the iala near the village of Rodnikovoe . Many of the Ai-Petri caves have been known since antiquity; economic activities were carried out in them (in Vorontsovskaya, for example, the preparation and extraction of ice for the estates of the South Coast) [8] .
The southern edge of Ai-Petrinskaya Yaila and a view of the southern coast of Crimea
Ai-Petrinskaya Yayla
View from Ai-Petrinskaya Yayla to the South Coast of Crimea
Autumn on Yale
Panoramic photo of Ai-Petrinskaya Yayla from the western slopes of Mount Roka
Notes
- ↑ This geographical feature is located on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula , most of which is the subject of territorial disagreements between Russia , which controls the disputed territory, and Ukraine , within the borders of which the disputed territory is recognized by the international community. According to the federal structure of Russia , the subjects of the Russian Federation are located in the disputed territory of Crimea - the Republic of Crimea and the city of federal significance Sevastopol . According to the administrative division of Ukraine , the regions of Ukraine are located in the disputed territory of Crimea - the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city with special status Sevastopol .
- ↑ Most of the network and book sources call the highest point of the Ai-Petrinskaya Yayla Mount Roka (for example, “Tourist Routes of the Mountain Crimea”, Yu. N. Shestopalov, Kiev, “Atika”, 2002, ISBN 966-7714-99-3 , pp. .45; from network sources: Crimean toponymic dictionary , Weekend itinerary: from Yalta to the Grand Canyon , with the border between Ai-Petrinskaya and Yalta eggs drawn along the Endeck-Dere hollow, located between the peaks of Roka and Endek. Some call the highest peak the mountain Bödene-Kir (1320 m) based on the fact that on most signature "Yalta Yayla" is located to the top is quite close. However, such a feature can hardly be considered significant, as the boundaries between maps yaylami not marked, and there is no indication that such can be considered as the signature on the card.
- ↑ On the approval of the criteria for classifying public roads ... of the Republic of Crimea. . Government of the Republic of Crimea (03/11/2015). Date of treatment December 16, 2016.
- ↑ Postanova of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine "About the consolidated lane of the automobile roads of the lower corridor of the sovereign value" dated 16 September 2015 (Ukrainian) . rada.gov.ua. Date of appeal April 10, 2018.
- ↑ Cableway "Miskhor - Ai-Petri" . The site of the cableway Miskhor - Ai-Petri (2019).
- ↑ Weather Station on Ai-Petri . Yalta. Travel Guide (2014).
- ↑ Anna Lyaskovsky. Ai-Petrinsky Meridian . history-crimea.kudalibo.ru (2018).
- ↑ Ai-Petri Caves . Planet Crimea (2019).