Fossil plants are extinct plants , the remains of which are preserved in the bowels of the earth in the form of fossils , resulting from long complex chemical processes. In general, lower plants ( bacteria and algae ) are preserved, from higher ones - mosses , some small forms, from large higher plants - only their scattered parts: stems, bark, leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds. Fossil plants - indicators of climates and landscapes of past geological eras , reflect the stages of the evolutionary development of vegetation on Earth. They are used in geology to determine the age of deposits and the conditions of their formation. The study of fossil plants involved paleobotany .
See also
- Fossil animals
Literature
- Fossil Plants / N. Gordenko // Plasma Radiation - Islamic Salvation Front [Electronic resource]. - 2008. - S. 725. - (The Big Russian Encyclopedia : [in 35 vols.] / Ch. Ed. Yu. S. Osipov ; 2004-2017, vol. 11). - ISBN 978-5-85270-342-2 .
- Fossil animals // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
- Fossil plants // Kazakhstan. National Encyclopedia . - Almaty: Kazakh encyclopedias , 2005. - T. II. - ISBN 9965-9746-3-2 .
When writing this article, material from the publication Kazakhstan. National Encyclopedia ”(1998-2007), provided by the editors of the“ Kazakh Encyclopedia ”under a Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0 Unported license .