List of Heads of State in 1555 - 1556 - List of Heads of State in 1557 - List of Heads of State by year
Content
Asia
- Brunei - Saif Ridzhal , Sultan ( 1530 - 1581 )
- Bukhara Khanate -
- Nauruz Ahmed , Khan ( 1552 - 1556 )
- Pirmuhammed Khan ( 1556 - 1561 )
- Mughal Empire -
- Humayun , padishah ( 1530 - 1540 , 1555 - 1556 )
- Akbar I the Great , padishah ( 1556 - 1605 )
- Georgian kingdom -
- Principality of Guria - Rost Gurieli , Prince ( 1534 - 1564 )
- Kingdom of Imereti - Bagrat III , king ( 1510 - 1565 )
- Kakheti kingdom - Levan , king ( 1518 - 1574 )
- Kartli Kingdom -
- Luarsab I , king ( 1527 - 1556 )
- Simon I the Great , king ( 1556 - 1569 , 1578 - 1600 )
- Samtskhe-Saatabago - Kaihosro II , atabeg ( 1545 - 1573 )
- Dayviet -
- Mack Fook Nguyen (Mack Thuen Tong) , emperor (Mack dynasty, in the north) ( 1546 - 1561 )
- Le Chung-tong , emperor (Le dynasty, in the south) ( 1548 - 1556 )
- Le An-tong , Emperor (Le Dynasty, in the south) ( 1556 - 1573 )
- India -
- Amber (Jaipur) - Baharmalla , Raja ( 1548 - 1574 )
- Arakkal - Ali , Ali Raja ( 1545 - 1591 )
- Ahmadnagar Sultanate - Husayn Nizam Shah I , Sultan ( 1553 - 1565 )
- Ahom - Sukhaamfa , Maharaja ( 1552 - 1603 )
- Bengal Sultanate - Guillas ad-Din Bahadur Shah II , Sultan ( 1555 - 1561 )
- Berar Sultanate - Daria Imad Shah , Sultan ( 1529 - 1562 )
- Bidar Sultanate - Ali Barid Shah I , Sultan ( 1542 - 1579 )
- Bijapur Sultanate - Ibrahim Adil Shah I , Sultan ( 1534 - 1558 )
- Bikaner - Hookah Mal , Raja ( 1542 - 1574 )
- Bundi - Surjan Singh , Raja ( 1554 - 1585 )
- Bhavnagar - Sartanji Ramdaji , Raja ( 1535 - 1570 )
- Vijayanagar Empire - Sadashivaraya , Maharajadhiraja ( 1542 - 1565 )
- Golconda - Ibrahim Quli Qutb Shah , Sultan ( 1550 - 1580 )
- Gujarati Sultanate - Ahmad Shah III , Sultan ( 1554 - 1561 )
- Guler - Ram Chand , Raja ( 1540 - 1570 )
- Jainthia - Bar Gosen , Raja ( 1548 - 1564 )
- Jaisalmer - Maldev Singh , Raja ( 1551 - 1562 )
- Gencantal - Hari Singh , Raja ( 1530 - 1594 )
- Jalavad (Drangadhra) - Mansihi I Ranogi , sahib ( 1522 - 1563 )
- Dungarpur - Askaran Singh , Raja ( 1549 - 1580 )
- Kamata - Nara Narayan , Maharaja ( 1540 - 1586 )
- Kach - Khengarji I , Raja ( 1548 - 1585 )
- Kachari - Durlabh Narayan , king (c. 1550 - 1576 )
- Kashmir - Ismail Shah , Sultan ( 1540 , 1555 - 1557 )
- Cochin - Fans of Kerala Varma I , Maharaja ( 1537 - 1565 )
- Ladakh - Tashi Namgyal , Raja (c. 1555 - c. 1575 )
- Mysore - Timmaraja II , Maharaja ( 1553 - 1572 )
- Mandi - Sahib Sen , Raja ( 1554 - 1575 )
- Manipur - Chalamba , Raja ( 1545 - 1562 )
- Marwar (Jodhpur) - Maldev Rator , Raja ( 1532 - 1562 )
- Mewar - Udai Singh II , Maharana ( 1540 - 1572 )
- Navanagar - Rawalji Lakhaji , Jam ( 1540 - 1562 )
- Orchha - Madhukarsah , Raja ( 1554 - 1592 )
- Pratabgarh - Bikram Singh , Maharaja ( 1552 - 1564 )
- Reva - Ramchandra Singh , Raja ( 1555 - 1592 )
- Sambalpur - Madhukar Sai , Raja ( 1534 - 1578 )
- Sind (Dynasty of Tarkhan) - Muhammad Isa Tarkhan , Mirza ( 1554 - 1567 )
- Sirohi - Udai Singh I , Raja ( 1553 - 1563 )
- Sonepur - Madan Gopal Singh Deo , Raja ( 1556 - 1606 )
- Suket - Arjun Sen , Raja ( 1540 - 1560 )
- Thanjavur - Sevappa Nayyak , Raja ( 1532 - 1580 )
- Handesh Sultanate - Mubarak Shah II , Sultan ( 1537 - 1566 )
- Chamba - Ganesa Verman , Raja ( 1512 - 1559 )
- Indonesia -
- Ace - Alauddin al-Kuhar , Sultan ( 1537 - 1571 )
- Bantam - Mulana Hassan ud-din , Sultan ( 1552 - 1570 )
- Bachan - Zaynal Abidin , Sultan (c. 1512 - c. 1557 )
- Kalinyamat - Ratna Kenkana , Ratu ( 1549 - 1579 )
- Sunda - Nilakendra , Maharaja ( 1551 - 1567 )
- Sulu - Nasirud-din I , Sultan ( 1548 - 1568 )
- Ternate - Khayrun Jamil , Sultan ( 1535 - 1570 )
- Cirebon - Sunan Gugungzhati , Sultan ( 1479 - 1568 )
- Iran ( Safavids ) - Tahmasp I , Shahinshah ( 1524 - 1576 )
- Karkia - Ahmad Khan , Amir ( 1538 - 1592 )
- Paduspanids -
- Jahangir II , Malek (in Peel) ( 1555 - 1567 )
- Kayumart IV , Malek (in Nur) ( 1550 - 1576 )
- Kazakh Khanate - Khak-Nazar , Khan ( 1538 - 1580 )
- Cambodia - Ang Chan I , King ( 1521 - 1566 )
- China ( Ming Empire ) - Jiajing (Zhu Houcong) , Emperor ( 1521 - 1567 )
- Lansang - Settiatirate King ( 1548 - 1571 )
- Malaysia -
- Johor - Ala ad-Din Riyat Shah I , Sultan ( 1528 - 1564 )
- Kedah - Mujaffar Shah III , Sultan ( 1547 - 1602 )
- Kelantan - Mansur Shah ibn al-Martum Ahmad Shah , Sultan ( 1547 - 1561 )
- Pattani - Mujaffar Shah , Sultan ( 1530 - 1564 )
- Pahang - Mansur Shah II , Sultan ( 1555 - 1590 )
- Perak - Mansur Shah I , Sultan ( 1549 - 1577 )
- Maldives - Abubakuru II , Sultan ( 1554 - 1557 )
- Mogulistan - Shah , Khan (in Eastern Mogulistan) ( 1543 - 1570 )
- Mogulia (Yarkand Khanate) - Abd Ar-Rashid I , Khan ( 1533 - 1559 )
- Mongol Empire (Northern Yuan) - Daraisun-Goden , the Great Khan ( 1547 - 1557 )
- Myanmar -
- Arakan (Myau-U) -
- Min Dikha king ( 1554 - 1556 )
- Min So La King ( 1556 - 1564 )
- Taungu - Bayinnaun , king ( 1550 - 1580 )
- Arakan (Myau-U) -
- Nepal (Malla Dynasty) -
- Bhaktapur - Vishwa Malla , Raja ( 1547 - 1560 )
- Kathmandu (Kantipur) - Narendra Malla , Raja ( 1538 - 1560 )
- Nogai Horde - Ismail , Biy ( 1555 - 1563 )
- Oman - Barakat Ibn Muhammad , Imam ( 1529 - 1560 )
- Ottoman Empire - Suleiman I the Magnificent , Sultan ( 1520 - 1566 )
- Ramazanogullary (Ramadanides) - Piri Mehmed Pasha , Bey ( 1520 - 1568 )
- Ryukyu - Shё Geng , Van ( 1556 - 1572 )
- Thailand -
- Ayutthaya - Maha Chakrapath , King ( 1548 - 1564 , 1568 - 1569 )
- Lannatai - Mekuti , King ( 1551 - 1564 )
- Tibet -
- Ngawang Drakpa Gyaltsen , gongma ( 1554 - 1556/1557 , 1576 - 1603/1604 )
- Ngawang Toshi Drakpa , Gongma ( 1499 - 1554 , 1556/1557 - 1564 )
- Philippines -
- Magindanao - Maca Alang Saripada , Sultan ( 1543 - 1574 )
- Tondo - Salalila , Raja (c. 1515 - c. 1558 )
- Khiva Khanate (Khorezm) - Agatay , Khan ( 1547 - 1557 )
- Joseon - Myeongjon , Van ( 1545 - 1567 )
- Sri Lanka -
- Jaffna - Kankili I , King ( 1519 - 1561 )
- Kandy - Caralliadde Bandara , King ( 1552 - 1581 )
- Kotte - Dharmapala , King ( 1551 - 1597 )
- Sitavaka - Mayadunne , King ( 1521 - 1581 )
- Japan -
- Tomohito (Go-Nara) , Emperor ( 1526 - 1557 )
- Muromachi Shogunate - Ashikaga Yoshiteru Shogun ( 1546 - 1565 )
America
- Inca Empire - Sayri Tupac , Inca glanders ( 1544 - 1561 )
- New Spain - Luis de Velasco , Viceroy ( 1550 - 1564 )
- Peru -
- Melchor Bravo de Saravia , Viceroy ( 1552 - 1556 )
- Andres Hurtado de Mendoza , Viceroy ( 1556 - 1561 )
Africa
- Adal - Barakat ibn Umardin , Sultan ( 1555 - 1559 )
- Bagirmi - Little , Sultan ( 1548 - 1568 )
- Bamum - Fifen , MFN (Sultan) ( 1544 - 1568 )
- Beni Abbas - Abdelaziz , Sultan ( 1510 - 1559 )
- Kingdom of Benin - Orhogbois , both ( 1547 - 1580 )
- Bornu - Dunama V , Mai ( 1539 - 1557 )
- Buganda - Mulondo , tavern (c. 1555 - c. 1564 )
- Varsangali - Mahmud , Sultan ( 1555 - 1585 )
- Vogodogo - Kimba , Naaba (c. 1540 - c. 1560 )
- Jolof - Al-Buri Penda , buur-ba ( 1549 - 1566 )
- Imerina - Adriamanelo , King ( 1540 - 1575 )
- Cayor - Amari I , Damel ( 1549 - 1593 )
- Kano - Muhammad Kisoki , Sultan ( 1509 - 1565 )
- Kaffa - Vody Gafo , king (c. 1530 - c. 1565 )
- Congo - Nkumbi Mpudi (Diego I) , Manikongo ( 1545 - 1561 )
- Mali - Mamadou II , Mansa ( 1496 - 1559 )
- Morocco (Saadites) - Mohammed Al-Sheikh , Sultan ( 1554 - 1557 )
- Massina - Ibrahim , Ardo ( 1551 - 1559 )
- Mutapa - Civere Niyasoro , mvenemutapa ( 1550 - 1560 )
- Ndongo -
- Kilaunji Kia Samba , Ngola (c. 1515 - 1556 )
- Ndambi a Ngola , Ngola ( 1556 - 1561 )
- Nri - Fenenu , Eze ( 1512 - 1582 )
- Rwanda - Mutara I , Mwami ( 1543 - 1576 )
- Salum - Latilore Badian , Maad ( 1550 - 1559 )
- Swaziland - Dlamini II , leader (c. 1555 - c. 1600 )
- Sennar - Abd al-Qadir I , mek ( 1551 - 1558 )
- Songai - Askia Daud , Emperor ( 1549 - 1582 )
- Twifo-Eman - Ado , aquamuchene (c. 1540 - c. 1560 )
- Harar - Nur ibn Mujahid , Sultan ( 1550 - 1567 )
- Hafsids - Abul-Abbas Ahmad III , Caliph ( 1543 - 1570 )
- Ethiopia - Claudius (Asnaphus Sagad I) , Emperor ( 1540 - 1559 )
Europe
- England - Mary I , Queen ( 1553 - 1558 )
- Andorra -
- John III, Queen of Navarre , Princess Co-Regent ( 1555 - 1572 )
- Mikvel Despuig , Bishop of Urgel , Co-Regent Prince ( 1552 - 1556 )
- Joan Perez García de Olivan , Bishop of Urhelsky , Co-Prince ( 1556 - 1560 )
- Astrakhan Khanate -
- Dervish Ali , Khan ( 1537 - 1539 , 1554 - 1556 )
- in 1556 annexed to the Russian state
- Wallachia - Peter the Good , Lord ( 1554 - 1557 )
- Hungary - Ferdinand I , King (in Western Hungary) ( 1526 - 1564 )
- East Hungarian Kingdom - Janos II Zapolyaye , King ( 1540 - 1570 )
- Denmark - Christian III , King ( 1534 - 1559 )
- Ireland -
- Desmond - Domnall en Druiminin McCarthy , King ( 1516 - 1558 )
- Tire Eogeine - Conn Buckach Mack Quinn O'Neill , King ( 1519 - 1559 )
- Spain -
- Carlos I , King ( 1516 - 1556 )
- Philip II , King ( 1556 - 1598 )
- Italy -
- Republic of Venice -
- Francesco Venier , Doge ( 1554 - 1556 )
- Lorenzo Priuli , Doge ( 1556 - 1559 )
- Gvastalla - Ferrante I Gonzaga , Earl ( 1539 - 1557 )
- Republic of Genoa - Agostino Pinelli , Doge ( 1555 - 1557 )
- Mantova - Guglielmo I Gonzaga , Duke ( 1550 - 1587 )
- Massa and Carrara - Alberico I , Margrave ( 1553 - 1558 )
- Montechiarugolo - Pomponio Torelli , Count ( 1545 - 1608 )
- Duchy of Parma - Ottavio Farnese , Duke ( 1551 - 1586 )
- Piombino - Jacopo V Appiani , Prince ( 1545 - 1585 )
- Urbino - Guidobaldo II della Rover , Duke ( 1538 - 1574 )
- Ferrara, Modena and Reggio - Ercole II d'Este , Duke ( 1534 - 1559 )
- Duchy of Florence - Cosimo I , Duke ( 1537 - 1569 )
- Republic of Venice -
- Kazan Khanate -
- Ali-Akram , Khan (in Chalym) ( 1552 - 1556 )
- in 1552/1556 annexed to the Russian state
- Crimean Khanate - Devlet I Gerai , Khan ( 1551 - 1577 )
- Livonian Order - Heinrich von Galen , Landmaster ( 1551 - 1557 )
- Principality of Lithuania - Sigismund II Augustus , Grand Duke ( 1548 - 1572 )
- Principality of Moldova - Alexander III Lepusnianu , ruler ( 1552 - 1561 , 1564 - 1568 )
- Monaco - Honore I , Senior ( 1523 - 1581 )
- Navarra - John III , Queen ( 1555 - 1572 )
- Duchy of Naxos - Giovanni IV , Duke ( 1517 - 1564 )
- Norway - Christian III , King ( 1534 - 1559 )
- Papal Region - Paul IV , pope ( 1555 - 1559 )
- Poland - Sigismund II Augustus , king ( 1548 - 1572 )
- Portugal - Juan III the Pious , King ( 1521 - 1557 )
- Russian Empire - Ivan IV Vasilievich the Terrible , Tsar ( 1547 - 1584 )
- Holy Roman Empire -
- Charles V , emperor ( 1519 - 1556 )
- Ferdinand I , Emperor ( 1556 - 1564 )
- Austria - Ferdinand I , Duke ( 1521 - 1564 )
- Anhalt -
- Anhalt Dessau - Joachim , Prince ( 1516 - 1561 )
- Anhalt Kothen - Wolfgang , Prince ( 1508 - 1562 )
- Anhalt Zerbst -
- Charles I , Prince ( 1551 - 1561 )
- Joachim Ernst , Prince ( 1551 - 1570 )
- Bernhard VII , Prince ( 1551 - 1570 )
- Ansbach - Georg Friedrich , Margrave ( 1543 - 1603 )
- Bavaria - Albrecht V The Magnanimous , Duke ( 1550 - 1579 )
- Baden -
- Baden-Baden - Philibert , Margrave ( 1536 - 1569 )
- Baden-Durlach - Charles II , Margrave ( 1553 - 1577 )
- Bayreth (Kulmbach) - Georg Friedrich , Margrave ( 1553 - 1603 )
- Brandenburg - Joachim II Hector , Elector ( 1535 - 1571 )
- Brandenburg-Kyustrin - Johann , Margrave ( 1535 - 1571 )
- Braunschweig -
- Braunschweig-Wolfenbuttel - Henry V , Duke ( 1514 - 1568 )
- Braunschweig-Grubenhagen - Ernest III , Duke ( 1551 - 1567 )
- Braunschweig-Kalenberg - Erich II , Duke ( 1540 - 1584 )
- Braunschweig-Luneburg - Franz Otto , Duke ( 1555 - 1559 )
- Waldeck -
- Waldeck-Wildungen - Philip IV , Earl ( 1513 - 1574 )
- Waldeck-Landau - Johann I , Earl ( 1539 - 1567 )
- Waldeck Eisenberg - Volrad II , Count ( 1539 - 1575 )
- East Frisia -
- Edzard II , Earl ( 1540 - 1599 )
- Johann , Earl ( 1528 - 1591 )
- Württemberg - Christoph , Duke ( 1550 - 1568 )
- Ganau -
- Ganau-Lichtenberg - Philip IV , Earl ( 1538 - 1590 )
- Ganau-Münzenberg - Philip III , Earl ( 1529 - 1561 )
- Hesse - Philippe , Landgrave ( 1509 - 1567 )
- Holstein-Gottorp - Adolf , Duke ( 1544 - 1586 )
- Holstein Pinneberg -
- John V , Earl ( 1531 - 1560 )
- Jobst II , Earl ( 1531 - 1581 )
- Otton IV , Earl ( 1544 - 1576 )
- Cologne Elector -
- Adolf Schauenburg , Elector ( 1546 - 1556 )
- Anton Schauenburg , Elector ( 1556 - 1558 )
- Lorraine - Charles III , Duke ( 1545 - 1608 )
- Mainz Elector - Daniel Brendel von Homburg , Elector ( 1555 - 1582 )
- Mecklenburg -
- Mecklenburg-Guestrow -
- Johann Albrecht I , Duke ( 1547 - 1556 )
- Ulrich , Duke ( 1555 - 1603 )
- Mecklenburg-Schwerin -
- Philip , Duke ( 1552 - 1557 )
- Johann Albrecht I , Duke ( 1556 - 1576 )
- Mecklenburg-Guestrow -
- Montbeliard - George I of Württemberg , count ( 1526 - 1534 , 1553 - 1558 )
- Nassau -
- Nassau Beilstein -
- Bernard , Earl ( 1499 - 1556 )
- Johann III , Earl ( 1513 - 1561 )
- Nassau-Wilburg - Philip III , Earl ( 1523 - 1559 )
- Nassau-Wiesbaden-Idstein - Philip I , Earl ( 1511 - 1558 )
- Nassau-Dillenburg - Wilhelm I the Rich , Earl ( 1516 - 1559 )
- Nassau-Saarbrücken - Johann III , Earl ( 1554 - 1574 )
- Nassau Beilstein -
- Oldenburg -
- Christophe , Count ( 1526 - 1566 )
- Anton I , Earl ( 1526 - 1573 )
- Pomerania -
- Pomerania-Wolgast - Philip I the Pious , Duke ( 1531 - 1560 )
- Pomerania-Stettin (Szczecin) - Barnim IX the Pious , Duke ( 1532 - 1569 )
- Prussia - Albrecht Brandenburg-Ansbach , Duke ( 1525 - 1568 )
- Palatinate -
- Frederick II Elector ( 1544 - 1556 )
- Otto Heinrich , Elector ( 1556 - 1559 )
- Palatinate-Zimmern - Johann II , Palatinate ( 1509 - 1557 )
- Palatinate-Neuburg - Otto Heinrich , palatinate ( 1505 - 1557 )
- Palatinate-Zweibrucken - Wolfgang , Palatinate ( 1532 - 1569 )
- Savoy - Emmanuel Philibert , Duke ( 1553 - 1580 )
- Saxony - August , Elector ( 1553 - 1586 )
- Saxe-Wittenberg -
- Johann Frederick II Medium , Duke ( 1554 - 1566 )
- Johann Wilhelm , Duke ( 1554 - 1572 )
- Johann Frederick III the Younger , Duke ( 1554 - 1565 )
- Saxe-Ratzeburg-Lauenburg - Franz I , Duke ( 1543 - 1571 , 1573 - 1581 )
- Saxe-Wittenberg -
- Trier Elector -
- Johann Isenburg-Grenzau , Elector ( 1547 - 1556 )
- Johann von der Leyen , Elector ( 1556 - 1567 )
- Czech Republic - Ferdinand I , King ( 1526 - 1564 )
- Silesian principalities -
- Principality of Brzeg - George II of Brzeg , Prince ( 1547 - 1586 )
- Principality of Zembitsky (Münsterberg) - Isabella Jagiellonian , Princess ( 1552 - 1559 )
- Principality of Legnica -
- Henry XI Legnitsky , Prince ( 1551 - 1556 , 1559 - 1576 , 1580 - 1581 )
- Frederick III Legnitsky , Prince ( 1547 - 1551 , 1556 - 1559 )
- Principality of Olesnitsa - Johann Podebradovic , Prince ( 1542 - 1565 )
- Teshinsky (Tseshin) principality - Wenceslas III Adam , prince ( 1528 - 1579 )
- Silesian principalities -
- Schleswig-Holstein-Gluckstadt - Christian III , Duke ( 1544 - 1559 )
- Schleswig-Holstein-Haderslev - Hans , Duke ( 1544 - 1580 )
- Julich Kleve Berg - William , Duke ( 1539 - 1592 )
- France - Henry II , King ( 1547 - 1559 )
- Armagnac - Jeanne (John) III d'Albre, Queen of Navarre , Countess ( 1555 - 1572 )
- Auvergne - Catherine de Medici , Countess ( 1524 - 1569 , 1574 - 1589 )
- Foix - Jeanne (John) III d'Albre, Queen of Navarre , Countess ( 1555 - 1572 )
- Sweden - Gustav I Vase , king ( 1523 - 1560 )
- Scotland - Mary Stuart , Queen ( 1542 - 1567 )
Charles V
1519-1556
Holy Roman Emperor, King of SpainSuleiman I the Magnificent
1520-1566
Ottoman SultanIvan IV Vasilievich Grozny
1547-1584
Tsar of all RussiaMary I
1553-1558
Queen of EnglandHenry II
1547-1559
King of franceManuel III the Pious
1521-1557
King of portugalGustav I Vase
1523-1560
King of swedenFerdinand I
1526-1564
King of Hungary and the Czech RepublicChristian III
1534-1559
King of Denmark and NorwayBaynown
1550-1581
King of Myanmar (Taungu)Humayun
1530-1540, 1555-1556
The Padis of the Mughal EmpireSigismund II August
1548-1572
King of Poland and Grand Duke of LithuaniaDevlet I Gerai
1551-1577
Khan of CrimeaTahmasp I
1524-1576
Shahinshah of IranJiajing
1521-1567
Emperor of ChinaMary Stuart
1542-1567
Queen of ScotlandJohn III
1555-1572
Queen of navarraErcole II d'Este
1534-1559
Duke of Modena, Ferrara and ReggioCosimo I Medici
1537-1569
Duke of FlorenceGuidobaldo II della Rover
1538-1574
Duke of UrbinoGuglielmo I Gonzaga
1550-1587
Duke of MantuaOttavio Farnese
1551-1586
Duke of ParmaFrancesco Venier
1554-1556
Doge of VenicePaul IV
1555-1559
Pope