Kivach

The name of the waterfall apparently comes from the Finnish “ kiivas ”, which means “powerful, swift” ^[1] ( other sources say that the name comes either from the Karelian word “kivi”, which translates as “stone”; or from Finnish “ kiwas ", which means" snow mountain " ).

The height of the general fall of the waterfall is 10.4 m in a stretch of about 170 m. The height of the steep fall of the lower step is 8 m. The ledge of the waterfall is formed by the outlets of the diabase .

The waterfall is divided by a rock into two streams: the main (right) and secondary (left). The main stream falls over four ledges, the secondary stream is divided into several jets directed at right angles to the main stream ^[2] .

The waterfall is a sightseeing site within the Kivach Nature Reserve , an area of ​​more than 10 thousand hectares . At the waterfall are the Museum of Nature and the Arboretum ^[3] .

First mentioned in scribes in 1566 ^[2] .

According to one of the legends about the appearance of the waterfall, the two sister rivers Suna and Shuya , not wanting to part with each other, flowed alongside. But at one point, Suna gave her sister her comfortable bed and lay down to rest. After waking up, she was surprised to see that Shuya had leaked very far, and set off after her, demolishing everything in her path. In the place where the Sun broke through the cliffs, Kivach waterfall arose ^[4] .

In 1837, a large separate log cabin was built to prevent breaking of logs during rafting.

In 1868, the waterfall was visited by Emperor Alexander II , a house was built specially for his arrival for the night .

Part of the water was diverted during the construction of the Suna cascade of hydroelectric power stations (the largest stations of the cascade are the Kondopoga hydroelectric power station and the Paleozerskaya hydroelectric power station ). This changed the hydrographic network and reduced the natural capacity of the waterfall (to 66 m³ / s) ^[2] .

The waterfall is devoted to poetic lines by G. R. Derzhavin , F. N. Glinka and other famous poets ^[2] .

The poem "Waterfall" (G. R. Derzhavin):

Kivach waterfall in a poem by Nikolai Glazkov (1971):

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  Kivach waterfall, pavilions (1904)

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  Kivach waterfall, 1915. The picture shows the author, S. M. Prokudin-Gorsky

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  Waterfall in winter

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  Autumn at Kivach

• Berezin N.I. On foot to the Karelian waterfalls. - SPb., 1903
• Shayzhin N.S. Poetry of the North Russian nature. Olonets waterfalls: Kivach, Por-Porog and Girvas in the descriptions of tourists. - Petrozavodsk, 1907
• Grigoryev S.V. Waterfalls of Karelia. - Petrozavodsk, 1956
• Karelia: encyclopedia: in 3 tons / hl. ed. A.F. Titov. T. 2: K - P. - Petrozavodsk: Publishing House PetroPress, 2009. P. 54 - 464 p.: Ill., Maps. ISBN 978-5-8430-0125-4 (t. 2)

• Waterfall "Kivach". Institute for Water Problems of the North, KarRC
• Kivach on the official website of Karelia
• Photos of Kivach at the beginning of the 20th century (full-flowing, before the construction of the dam in Girvas)
• How to get to the waterfall. Description and GPS coordinates.
• Interactive photo of the waterfall from many angles
• Peipsi monuments and legends about Panah // Memorial book of the Olonets province for 1867. Petrozavodsk, 1867, p. 118.