Polycyclic hydrocarbons

The nomenclature of saturated and aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons is different.

For saturated hydrocarbons, the name begins with the number of cycles (bicyclo, tricyclo, tetracyclo, etc.), then square brackets appear in which the number of carbon atoms between the nodal atoms is indicated, in decreasing order of chain length, and the name of the saturated hydrocarbon with the corresponding the number of carbon atoms.

For example, adamantane has the systematic name tricyclo [3.3.1.1 ^3,7 ] decan. The number of cycles is determined by the minimum number of bonds that must be broken to obtain a non-cyclic molecule. The first two digits indicate the number of carbon atoms in the longest chains between the nodal carbon atoms, the third digit shows the number of carbon atoms in the main bridge, the fourth in the additional one. The numbers above the line indicate which carbon atoms are connected by an additional bridge. Numbering begins with nodal carbon atoms and goes along the longest bridges in order of decreasing length.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are called from the original aromatic structures, indicating the method of attaching an additional cycle. For example, benzo [a] pyrene is a pyrene with a benzene ring attached to side a. The alphabetical designation of the sides starts from the upper right side of the parent molecule in its canonical position.

• Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
• Cyclophans
• Bicyclo [4.4.0] Dean ( decalin )
• Adamantan
• Kuban
• Bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane ( norbornane )
• Dodecahedran
• Steran

Contained in oils and coals, as products of the restoration of natural substances (steranes) or secondary synthesis (adamantane).

Widely used in the synthesis of drugs, pesticides.

Their derivatives are used as pesticides ( endrin ), drugs ( remantadine ), blood substitutes ( perfluoran ).

• Chemical encyclopedia. - T. 4. - M .: Big Russian Encyclopedia, 1995, p. 42