Chulkov’s prefabricated house - a building in Moscow on Prospect Mira , built by order of the merchant A.F. Chulkov for rented apartments. Since 1903, it housed the female gymnasium of L. F. Samgina [1] [2] .
| Sight | |
| Apartment building Chulkova | |
|---|---|
 Facade of an apartment building, 2018 | |
| Location | Moscow , pr. Mira , d. 19, p. 1 |
| Nearest metro station |  " Prospect Mira " |
| Type of building | Apartment building |
| Architectural style | Modern |
| Architect | Nikolay Matveev-Kalinin |
| Building | 1902 - 1903 |
| Height | 5 floors with attic |
House number 19 on 1st Meshchanskaya Street was built in 1903 by order of the merchant-winemaker A.F. Chulkov. The project belonged to the Moscow architect Nikolai Matveev-Kalinin , on whose account there were already more than ten apartment buildings in the capital [3] . The monumental building was different from the entire surrounding buildings, in addition, it was constructed according to the most modern technology at that time: the brick facades rested on an internal iron frame . Similarly, for example, Arshinov’s trading house on Bolshaya Ordynka and Titov’s apartment building in Maly Kislovsky Lane were decided. The frame construction made it possible to design large-scale front rooms, staircases with large spans and a variety of cantilevered balconies [4] .
Chulkov’s house received a rich facade decoration, designed in the Art Nouveau style with references to classicism . Three protruding risalits with high attics emphasize the entrance groups and create a vertical perspective; in the horizontal plane, the plane of the facades is crushed by a rust of four types. Each window is surrounded by stucco with flowers and mascarons . The lattices of the balconies of the second floor repeat the patterns of balconies of the Metropol [1] .
Since 1903, two staircases in the building were occupied by a private female commercial school under the direction of Lidia Fedorovna Samgina, the co-founders of which were a real public councilor Arkady Sosnitsky and an honorary citizen Ivan Yakovlevich Samgin [5] . The gymnasium was considered progressive, the training took place in spacious, well-equipped classrooms. The institution had two preparatory and eight main classes, in addition to them there were temporary evening courses [6] .
After the revolution, the building was nationalized and transferred to housing under communal apartments . The interiors were changed with the help of numerous redevelopments, the original interior decoration was lost. After the collapse of the USSR, the house partially surrenders to offices. In the 2010s, the facade was repainted from light green and ocher to bright blue [1] .
- 2018 photos
Facade from the street Durova
Mascaron on the facade from Prospect Mira
Mascaron on the facade from Prospect Mira
Facade from the street Durova
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Nashchokina, 2011 , p. 571-573.
- ↑ Moscow: satellite-pointer, 1911 , p. 29.
- ↑ The case of the alienation of land plots by the merchants Fedotov and Chulkov under the expansion of Maslennikov Lane (old Bozhedomskaya Street in the 1st section of the Meshchansky part in Moscow . Russian State Historical Archive (October 6, 1917). Date of access December 11, 2018.
- ↑ Nashchokina, 2011 , p. 184.
- ↑ Charter of the society L.F. Samghina, 1910 , p. 15.
- ↑ Collection of Legalizations of the Government, 1908 , p. 582.
Literature
- Moscow architects of the time of eclecticism, Art Nouveau and neoclassicism (1830s - 1917): ill. biogr. vocabulary. - M .: KRABiK, 1998 .-- S. 168. - 320 p. - ISBN 5-900395-17-0 .
- Team of authors. Moscow: pointer satellite . - Saratov: Publishing house of P. Kochergin, 1911. - S. 29.
- Moscow Women's Commercial School (1). Welfare Society for Inadequate Pupils. The charter of the society of assistance to insufficient pupils of the Moscow private women's commercial school, established by L. F. Samgina . - M .: Type. Headquarters of the Moscow Military District, 1910. - S. 2-15. - 16 p.
- Muravyov V. B. Moscow legends. On the treasured road of Russian history . - AST, 2012 .-- 1300 s. - ISBN 978-5-271-38528-5 .
- Nashchokina M.V. Moscow Art Nouveau. - 3rd ed. - SPb. : Kolo , 2011 .-- S. 125-573. - 792 p. - ISBN 978-5-901841-65-5 .
- A collection of legalizations and government orders issued by the Governing Senate . - SPb. , 1908. - T. 1. - S. 582.