animal and vegetable kingdoms, illustration 1754
Natural body (body in natural history or natural history ; Eng. Natural body ) - the object of scientific study in natural science .
Each kingdom of nature is characterized by its own object of study (natural-historical natural body) and special methods of its study.
Distinguish between natural (natural) and artificial bodies.
Content
History
This is a historical term (widespread in natural science until the 20th century ), characterizing the natural-historical natural body
In 1735, Karl Linney in the book System of Nature identified three kingdoms:
- mineral - dead kingdom (inanimate nature)
- vegetable - the kingdom of growers
- animal - animal kingdom
Since then, private natural science is a combination of three sciences: mineralogy in the broad sense (modern geology ), botany and zoology [1] .
In 1883 [2] V.V. Dokuchaev added a fourth kingdom with a special natural body:
- Soil - a natural body, a bio-inert kingdom (a natural system combining the signs of living and nonliving).
“The soil is the same independent natural-historical body as any plant, any animal, like any mineral ... it is the result, function, of the combined mutual activity of the following soil forming agents: the climate of a given locality, its plant and animal organisms, the relief and age of the country or its absolute height, finally, the subsoil (that is, the soil of the parent rocks). ” Professor V.V. Dokuchaev, 1899 [3] .
See also
- Physical body
- Artificial body
Notes
- ↑ Pavlenkov F. Natural History // Dictionary of Foreign Words Included in the Russian Language. 1907.
- ↑ Dokuchaev V.V. Russian chernozem: St. Petersburg .: typ. Declairon and Evdokimov, 1883. [4], IV, IV, 376 p.
- ↑ Dokuchaev V.V. To the doctrine of the zones of nature , 1899
Literature
- Gerasimov I. P. The concept of “soil - a natural body” and its derivatives (“soil - mode”, “soil - reproduction”, “soil - memory”): To our discussions // Soil Science. 1983. No. 4. S. 5-12.