Pyrography (literally: “drawing by fire”) is a technique used in decorative and applied arts and artistic graphics. Its essence lies in the fact that a drawing is applied to the surface of any organic material (wood, plywood, cork, paper, cardboard, felt, leather , fabric) using a red-hot needle. Basically, wood is used as a material, so pyrography is widely known as wood burning .
Unlike pyrotypia (literally: “fire print”), this technique was considered rare in the past and was used mainly as an additional technique for engraving on wood, bone, leather .
Pyrograph (burner) - a device for burning wood, leather and other materials to create artistic drawing. The master working in the technique of pyrography is called a pyrographer .
Content
Tools for pyrography
Contact pyrography
In the second half of the 20th century , thanks to the invention of an electric pyrograph - a burning device (hot engraving) - pyrography was developed as an independent technique not only in DPI, but also in artistic graphics. At the same time, wood pyrography is one of the most popular (along with embroidery and modeling) types of children's and amateur art in many countries of the world.
Modern burning devices for contact pyrography are of two types:
- Transformer with nichrome nozzle and temperature control.
- Soldering iron type with brass nozzles (mostly there are no temperature regulator, but there are models with adjustment. Sometimes pyrography masters independently modify the soldering iron burners, connecting dimmers to them.)
For productive work, the transformer contact device for burning should have sufficient power (about 40 W), smooth temperature control (at a minimum the needle / nozzle should barely leave a mark on the burned surface, heat up to red at the maximum), there should be screw clamps on the pyrograph handle, which securely hold the nichrome needle / nozzle. For self-production of needles / nozzles, nichrome wire of 0.8 - 1 mm is usually used.
Tone pyrography
To burn on a tree it is possible a stream of a flame, for this purpose the spray with gas with the gas torch put on it, for example, with piezo ignition is used. With a certain skill, you can burn not only a black background, but also shades.
In addition, there is a Novosibirsk tone pyrography, when working in this technique, instead of a red-hot needle, a special device, invented by scientists from the Novosibirsk Academgorodok, is used. This device is a gun torch in the form of a pistol with interchangeable nozzles of different diameters, and with a thin hose, through which the pyrographist lets air into the heating chamber by directly blowing into the hose with his mouth, or connecting it to the compressor. Such a contactless burn-out device allows burning a tree with a stream of hot air, like a brush [1] .
Solar pyrography
Pyrography can be performed using a collecting lens . This is done on a sunny day. A wooden board, plywood, plastic or other similar material is taken as the surface to be treated. To burn out the lens is positioned so that the sun's rays are focused on the treated surface. Then the lens is moved so that the bright spot moves along the surface, leaving lines. The required size of the lens depends on the clouds and the height of the sun above the horizon - the larger the lens, the more it burns out. A lens with a diameter of 5 centimeters is usually suitable. But too much is inconvenient because it can lead to a fire on the surface.
See also
- Hot stamping
- Artistic skin treatment
- Orbit (electrical device for burning)
Links
Notes
- ↑ Novosibirsk tone pyrography http://sib.fm/articles/2012/02/24/otzhigaem