Ammonium citrate

Ammonium citrate
Ammonium citrate
General
Traditional names	ammonium citrate
Chem. formula
Rat formula
Physical properties
condition	solid
Impurities	1.5-2.5%
Molar mass	243.22 g / mol
Density	1 g / cm³
Thermal properties
T. melt.	185 ° C
T. bale.	100 ° C
T. decomp.	185 ° C
Chemical properties
Solubility in water	> 50 g / 100 ml
Classification
Reg. CAS number	3458-72-8
PubChem
Reg. EINECS number
Smiles
Inchi
Reg. EC number	222-394-5
Codex Alimentarius
Chebi
ChemSpider
Security
Toxicity	non toxic

Ammonium citrate (ammonium citrate) is an organic compound , a salt of ammonium ion ${{\ce {NH4+}}}$ ${\ displaystyle {{\ ce {NH4 +}}}}$ ${\ displaystyle {\ ce {NH4 +}}}$ and organic citric acid ${\ce {C6H8O7}}$ ${\ displaystyle {\ ce {C6H8O7}}}$ ${\ displaystyle {\ ce {C6H8O7}}}$ with gross formula ${\ce {C6H17N3O7}}$ ${\ displaystyle {\ ce {C6H17N3O7}}}$ ${\ displaystyle {\ ce {C6H17N3O7}}}$ .

Content

1 Physical properties
- 1.1 Appearance
- 1.2 Odor
- 1.3 Taste
- 1.4 Hygroscopicity
2 Chemical properties
3 Standards
4 Application
5 Human effects
6 References

Physical Properties


Color	White crystals or powder
Solubility	Soluble in water, ethanol
Hygroscopicity	Very hygroscopic

Appearance

Tribasic ammonium citrate is a translucent crystalline substance.

Smell

The substance has a slight odor of ammonia .

Taste

The substance has a pronounced sour taste.

Hygroscopicity

Ammonium citrate is a very hygroscopic substance.

Chemical Properties

An industrial method of producing ammonium citrate is passing ammonia through citric acid:

${\ce {C6H8O7 + NH3 -> (NH4)3C6H5O7}}$ ${\ displaystyle {\ ce {C6H8O7 + NH3 -> (NH4) 3C6H5O7}}}$

Ammonium citrate is a thermally unstable substance. When heated above 185 ° C, ammonia is released (it has a choking effect ):

${\ce {(NH4)3C6H5O7 ->[t >185] C6H8O7 + NH3 ^}}$ ${\ displaystyle {\ ce {(NH4) 3C6H5O7 -> [t> 185] C6H8O7 + NH3 ^}}}$

In the human body, ammonium citrate is hydrolyzed :

${\ce {(NH4)3C6H5O7 + H2O <=> C6H8O7 + NH4OH}}$ ${\ displaystyle {\ ce {(NH4) 3C6H5O7 + H2O <=> C6H8O7 + NH4OH}}}$

Norms

Due to hygroscopicity , ammonium citrate is transported in PE insert bags (0.08 mm thick).

Due to the instability to heating, the following international standards are applied to the substance:


Hazard rating	Ghs07
Hazard label	Warning
Hazard classes	H315-H319-H335
Precautionary measures	P261-P305 + P351 + P338

Application

Ammonium citrate is known as the food supplement E-380 .


Title	Ammonium citrate
Type of	Food supplement
Category	Antioxidants

Safety for human health and a wide range of technological functions allows the use of the food additive E-380 in food production. Ammonium citrates are introduced into:

processed cheese (to adjust the taste)
bakery, confectionery (for pH control)
milk
jams
juices (including juices for children)

Ammonium citrate tribasic is also used for chemical analysis (determining the pH of water), is actively used in the oil industry . Found its application in analytical chemistry as a high-quality phosphate reagent in acidic soils.

Human Impact

The permissible daily rate for E-380 is not limited. When ingested, ammonium citrate breaks down into ammonia ( ${\ce {NH4OH}}$ ${\ displaystyle {\ ce {NH4OH}}}$ ) and citric acid ( ${\ce {C6H8O7}}$ ${\ displaystyle {\ ce {C6H8O7}}}$ ) Ammonium citrate is approved for use in the food industry throughout the Russian Federation and in the EU , except Germany (the substance is not well understood). Ammonium citrate is not recommended for people with an allergic reaction to sodium glutamate .

Links

Chemicals in CAS
Ammonium citrate as a food supplement E-380
The harms and benefits of the E-380
Physical properties of tribasic ammonium citrate
About ammonium citrate in German
Tribasic ammonium citrate like crystal