The Northern Plateau [2] ( Latin Planum Boreum ) is a plain located at the north pole of Mars . It extends to the north from about 80 ° north latitude, and its center is located at about 88.0 ° north latitude and 15.0 ° east longitude. The Northern Plateau is surrounded by the Great Northern Plain , which extends approximately 1,500 kilometers to the south [3] .
| Planum boreum | |
|---|---|
 Planum Boreum collage made up of pictures taken with the Viking program | |
| Object type | and |
| Location | |
| The size | |
Characteristics
The main feature of Planum Boreum is a large crack or canyon in the polar ice cap, called the " Canyon of the North ." It has a width of up to 100 kilometers and ledges with a height of up to 2 kilometers [4] [5] . Planum Boreum is the location of a perennial ice cap, which consists mainly of water ice and dust (with a 1-meter-thick layer of ice-cold carbon dioxide , which is formed and held here during the winter period) [6] . The volume of this cap is 1.2 million cubic kilometers and covers an area equivalent to approximately 1.5 square of the state of Texas. Its radius is about 600 km. The maximum thickness of the cap is 3 kilometers [7] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature - International Astronomical Union .
- ↑ Burba G.A. Nomenclature of parts of the relief of Mars . - M .: Science , 1981. - p. 68. - 85 p. - 1000 copies
- ↑ [1] and [2] indicate that the Great Northern Plain begins at 54.7 ° north latitude, and Planum Boreum at 78.5 ° c. sh. The radius of Mars is approximately 3400 kilometers, so {\ displaystyle d = {\ frac {78.5-54.7} {360}} \ times 2 \ pi \ \ times 3400 {\ mbox {km}} = 1412 {\ mbox {km}}}
- Over Fly over the Chasma Boreale at Martian north pole . European Space Agency . The appeal date is November 1, 2006.
- ↑ Geologic Map of the Northern Plains of Mars . United States Geological Survey . The appeal date is January 11, 2006.
- ↑ Darling, David Mars, polar caps . Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, Astronomy, and Spaceflight . The appeal date is February 26, 2007.
- Provides Laser provides the first 3-D View of Mars' North Pole (inaccessible link) . The date of circulation is November 1, 2006. Archived October 17, 2006.