Dmitry Fyodorovich Rakov (Osetskiy) (1881-1941) - Russian politician, member of the Central Committee of the Socialist Revolutionary Party, member of the All-Russian Constituent Assembly , managing finance department Komucha .
| Dmitry Fedorovich Rakov | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | October 26, 1881 |
| Place of Birth | the village of Bolshoi Kemar of the Knyagininsky district of the Nizhny Novgorod province |
| Date of death | September 11, 1941 (59 years old) |
| Place of death | Eagle |
| Occupation | |
| The consignment | Party of Socialists-Revolutionaries (PSR) |
Content
Biography
Born in the village of Big Kemar, Nizhny Novgorod province in a peasant family. After graduating from a teacher’s seminary and the Kazan Teacher’s Institute, he taught Russian history in secondary schools of the Kazan province.
During the revolution of 1905-1907 he headed the Union of Teachers of the Kozmodemyansk district of the Kazan province. He was engaged in the creation of local organizations of the All-Russian Peasant Union . Collaborated with the Kazan Socialist Revolutionaries and Social Democrats. In December 1906 he was arrested for revolutionary propaganda, by a resolution of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of February 3, 1907 he was intended to be sent to the Vologda province for 3 years, in April 1907 he received permission to go abroad. In 1910 he returned to Moscow, where he entered the city organization of the AKP.
In 1913 he graduated from the Moscow Commercial Institute . He worked as a statistician.
During the years of revolution and civil war
After the February Revolution he moved to Petrograd. At the III (May-June) and IV (November-December) congresses of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party, he was elected to the Central Committee and opened both congresses. Adjacent to the left center of the party. Member of the Pre-Parliament .
In November, he was elected to the Constituent Assembly from the Nizhny Novgorod province, a participant in the meeting on January 5.
On January 8, 1918, he was elected to the Bureau (Presidium) of the Central Committee and headed its nonresident and organizational departments.
In June, he was one of the first to join the Samara Committee of members of the All-Russian Constituent Assembly (Komuch). In July-September, the manager of the financial department Komucha. In September 1918 he headed the group created by Komuch to issue banknotes, these banknotes were called "shells" [1] . Member of the Ufa meeting .
On the night of November 19, 1918, he was arrested in Omsk together with members of the Directory N. Avksentyev and V. Zenzinov, participants in the coup that brought A.V. Kolchak to power. During the Bolshevik uprising in Omsk in December 1918 he was released by the rebels, but after the suppression of the uprising he again ended up in prison.
He was released on March 21, 1919. In August, he moved from Vladivostok to Prague.
In Paris, the Socialist-Revolutionaries in 1920 published a separate pamphlet entitled “In the Dungeons of Kolchak. Voice from Siberia ”is a private letter from Rakov, written in December 1919 and obviously addressed to E. Rogovsky .
On the instructions of the Overseas delegation, the AKP went to Moscow in early 1920 to organize underground work.
In Soviet Prisons and Links
In June 1920, he was arrested by the Cheka . He was again arrested on April 25, 1921. In 1920-1922 he was under investigation in Yaroslavl, Butyr and Lefortovo prisons.
In February 1922, the Presidium of the GPU was included in the list of Social Revolutionaries, who were charged with anti-Soviet activity in connection with the organization of the trial in the case of the AKP . On August 7, 1922, the Supreme Revolutionary Tribunal at the All-Russian Central Executive Committee sentenced him to 10 years in prison. On August 28, 1922, the Supreme Revolutionary Tribunal commuted this sentence to 5 years in prison. On January 11, 1924, the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee reduced the term of imprisonment to 2.5 years.
On October 9, 1925, by the decision of the Special Meeting at the OGPU Board, after serving the prison term, he was sent to Kokand for 3 years. December 11, 1925 to amend the previous decree sent to Ufa for the same period. On December 21, 1928, the term of the link was extended by 1 year. On February 13, 1930, the link was extended for another year. On January 3, 1930, by the resolution of the Special Meeting, he was sent to Tashkent for 3 years. September 22, 1932 the link is extended by 2 years. On September 26, 1937, a trio of the NKVD of the Uzbek SSR was sentenced to 10 years in labor camps on charges of counter-revolutionary activity. On September 8, 1941, the Supreme Court of the USSR was sentenced to death.
The decision on rehabilitation approved on May 21, 2001 by the assistant to the general prosecutor N. S. Vlasenko stated [2] :
Although Rakov stated in court that he considers himself responsible for all the actions of the Central Committee of the Socialist Revolutionary Party, this statement should be regarded as a political declaration, and in criminal procedure he can only be held responsible for his specific actions. Those from the side of Rakov have not been established. On the contrary, there is evidence that he actively participated in the overthrow of Kolchak’s anti-Soviet, anti-people’s power in Siberia.
Family
Wife - Anna Dmitrievna Kashintseva, had a son and daughter from a previous marriage.
Works
- War and finance. - PG: [Party of Socialists-Revolutionaries Petrogr. ed. com.], 1917. - 32 p.
- In the dungeons of Kolchak . Voice from Siberia. - Paris: Pour la Russie, 1920 .-- 47 p.
Notes
- ↑ Lapandin V.A. Committee of the members of the Constituent Assembly: power structure and political activity (June 1918 - January 1919) - Samara: SCAII, 2003. - 242 p.
- ↑ Morozov, 2005 .
Literature
- Morozov K. N. The trial of the socialist revolutionaries and the prison confrontation (1922-1926): ethics and tactics of confrontation . - M .: ROSSPEN , 2005 .-- 736 p.
- Morozov K. N., Protasov L. G. Rakov Dmitry Fedorovich // All-Russian Constituent Assembly: Encyclopedia / Compiled by L. G. Protasov. - M .: Political Encyclopedia, 2014 .-- S. 349.
- Rakov Dmitry Fedorovich Chronos Used materials from the book Protasov L. G. People of the Constituent Assembly: a portrait in the interior of the era. M., ROSSPEN, 2008.