Sir James Henry Craig ( eng. James Henry Craig ; 1748 - 1812 ) - British military and statesman.
Craig james | ||
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Date of Birth | 1748 | |
Place of Birth | ||
Date of death | January 12, 1812 | |
Place of death | ||
Affiliation | Great Britain | |
Type of army | ||
Rank | ||
Commanded | 22nd Cheshire Infantry Regiment | |
Battles / Wars | ||
Awards and prizes | ||
Content
Biography
Born in 1748, came from a Scottish family, his father was a member of the civil and military courts in the British fortress of Gibraltar .
At the age of 15, James was enrolled as an ensign in the . The Lieutenant Governor of Gibraltar, Colonel Robert Boyd ( Robert Boyd ), in 1770 approved his advancement to the adjutants of the military camp [1] , which allowed Craig subsequently to take command of a company in the deployed in the British colonies on the east coast of North America.
After the beginning of the US War of Independence in 1775, James Craig took part in the battle of Bunker Hill , where he was seriously wounded, but refused to leave the battlefield; participated in the Battle of Quebec and its subsequent defense in 1776; Battle of Trois-Rivières in 1776. In 1777, he was wounded twice: during the siege of Fort Ticonderoga and during the Battle of Hubbardton . In the same year, he participated in the Battle of Saratoga , in which Major General John Bergoin highly appreciated Craig's merits and, in recognition of his service, recommended him to the rank of Major of the . From 1778 to 1781, Craig served in the same regiment in Nova Scotia , participated in the expedition to Penobscot , then continued his service in North Carolina . Participating in these battles as part of light infantry , he quickly moved up in service, which was the result of his initiative and resourcefulness. [one]
After being promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1781, James Craig became Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey in 1793, and then Adjutant General of the Netherlands Army Duke of York in 1794, later receiving the rank of Major General . In 1794-1795 the Netherlands was captured by the revolutionary armies of the new French Republic, and Prince William V of Orange became a refugee in England. British forces under the command of General Sir James Craig went to Cape Town to protect the colony from the French, and participated in the . In 1795, Craig served with Vice Admiral Viscount Keith and Major General Alured Clark in the occupied Cape Colony , where he became governor of the new tenure and remained in that post until 1797, for which he received the British Order of Bath. In 1797, Craig went to Madras and participated in the fighting in the Bengal region of India, for which in January 1801 he was promoted to lieutenant-general . After that, he returned to England and for three years served as commander of the Eastern Military District. [one]
In 1805, despite poor health, Craig was appointed to lead the Anglo-Russian invasion of Naples, but after a brief occupation his mission was interrupted after the news of the defeat of Austria in the battle of Ulm .
From 1807 to 1811, Craig simultaneously held the posts of Governor-General of Canada and Vice-Governor of Lower Canada from 1807 to 1811. Among his tasks, he tried to encourage immigration from Great Britain and the United States in the hope of making the French a minority. In 1809, he hired a former US Army officer named to find out if the Federalists wanted New England to be separated from the United States, but Britain did not want New England to be returned. Having received no remuneration for his work, John Henry sold the to US President James Madison for $ 50,000 and left for France. [2]
James Craig died on January 12, 1812.
See also
- Mediterranean campaign Ushakov
Notes
- 2 1 2 3 Sir James Craig at Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
- ↑ University of Central Oklahoma - John Henry (Inaccessible link) . The appeal date is December 11, 2018. Archived September 6, 2006.