An airgram ( French aérogramme , from the Greek. Αςρας - air and γραμμα - entry [1] ) - type of airmail at a reduced rate , version of a closed letter ( secret ), in philately a special kind of whole thing [2] . Air programs can be issued both by postal agencies and private companies .
Content
Description
It is a thin, lightweight folded (usually double or four) and gummed sheet of paper designed to write a letter sent by airmail , one side of which is used for the address and the other for writing, while such a sheet serves as both a letter and an envelope . Many postal agencies prohibit any investment in such lite letters, which are usually sent abroad at a reduced rate [2] .
Aerograms are made of thin but strong paper. These lightweight envelopes can include thin airmail paper. The weight of aerograms reduced in this way should not exceed 5 grams, which corresponds to the first weight category and the lowest postage for sending international airmail [1] .
Aerograms are widely used abroad [1] . Most aerograms have pre-paid postage stamps [2] , with the exception of New Zealand , Rhodesia , Ireland and other countries where unmarked aerograms, called “formular aerograms”, have been sold or sold. Senders indicate their name and return address on the back.
History
UK
First appearing in the early 1920s, the aerogame gained popularity mainly during World War II (1939–1945), after R. E. Evans, lieutenant colonel of engineering troops and deputy director of the Ground Forces Post Service in the Middle East ( RE Evans ) suggested introducing in the British Army a light self- adhesive secretion weighing only 1/10 ounce to be sent by air. He recommended its use to Secretary of War Sir Anthony Eden during his visit to the Middle East in late 1940. By January of next year, Eden had informed General Archibald Wavell , Commander-in-Chief of the Middle East Unification [3] :
| Your deputy director of the ground forces postal service is allowed to immediately implement airborne shipment in the Middle East. Use British stamps from all countries, including Egypt . |
On March 1, 1941, airborne shipments between the Middle East and the United Kingdom began using the combined use of seaplanes and military vehicles . The closed nature of the air program made it popular with senders, and this popularity, along with its light weight, contributed to the continued use of the air program as a modern “civilian” airmail (aerogram) and the British military “bluey” [3] .
USA
During the Second World War, a special type of airmail communication was organized in the USA - airbrushing [4] . In this case, the main postal item was the aerogram. Aerograms were printed on special forms, which were intended for writing letters themselves. The prepared aerograms were then subjected to microfilming , and the resulting micro letters were sent by airbrush. Enlarged copies were made at the destinations with micro-letters, which were delivered directly to the recipients and were also called aerograms [1] .
Subsequently, the United States used conventional postal aerograms, which have now been discontinued. Aerograms will be in use for some time until their reserves run out at all, after which they will no longer be printed. As of March 2007, the last air program published by the US Postal Service was an air program in honor of the 60 cents Voyagers National Park , which continued to be on sale [5] .
Collecting
Aero programs issued by a significant number of countries are a collectible and stand out in a special section of aerophilatel . Known catalogs of aerograms [2] .
In the USA, collectors of this type of whole things created the Aerogramme Society , which is currently inactive [6] .
See also
- Airmail
- Closed letter
- Postcard
- Mailing list
- Secret
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Aerogram // Philatelic Dictionary / Comp. O. Ya. Basin. - M .: Communication, 1968 .-- 164 p. (Retrieved June 12, 2016) Archived copy . Date of treatment June 12, 2016. Archived June 12, 2016.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Aerogram // Large Philatelic Dictionary / N. I. Vladinets, L. I. Ilyichev, I. Ya. Levitas ... [and others ]; under the general. ed. N.I. Vladinets and V.A. Jacobs. - M .: Radio and communications, 1988. - S. 19. - 40,000 copies. - ISBN 5-256-00175-2 . (Retrieved June 12, 2016) Archived copy . Date of treatment September 6, 2018. Archived on June 12, 2016.
- ↑ 1 2 Fenwick SC Second World War Army Postal Services (1939–45 ) . History Section: Specialist: Postal & Courier Services . Gillingham, Kent, UK: Royal Engineers Museum (December 21, 2008). - “Middle East Force (MEF) 1940–45: Air Letter” - a chapter on the history of aerial programs in the British Ground Forces in the Middle East on the website . Date of treatment April 22, 2016. Archived April 12, 2009.
- ↑ Airbrush // Philatelic Dictionary / Comp. O. Ya. Basin. - M .: Communication, 1968 .-- 164 p. (Retrieved June 12, 2016) Archived copy . Date of treatment June 12, 2016. Archived June 12, 2016.
- ↑ Airmail news you can use // Airpost Journal. Archived on August 7, 2007. - 2007. - Vol. 78. - No. 2. [Note in the journal of the American Air Mail Society . [ English]
- ↑ aerogramme.com - the official site of the Aerogram Program Society. (eng.)
Literature
- Universal Postal Union. Letter Post Manual. - Berne: International Bureau of the Universal Postal Union, 1985. - PD2 — D.14. [Outline of the rules of the Universal Postal Union applicable to aerograms.]
Links
- Novoselov V. A. Chapter 13. Whole and whole things. Mailing list. Aerogram . Acquaintance with philately: The world of philately . Smolensk: World m @ rock; Union of Philatelists of Russia (October 30, 2008). - EBook. Date of treatment August 19, 2009. Archived February 27, 2012.
- Aerogram . Russian-English explanatory dictionary of philatelic terms - A. Young philatelist . Belpost . Date of treatment October 20, 2009. Archived May 19, 2012.