Auguste Pavie (1847–1925) - French colonial figure, born in Dinan, Brittany, May 31, 1847. He played an important role in establishing French control over Laos in the last two decades of the 19th century . After a long career as a researcher and diplomat in missions in Laos and Cambodia in 1886, became the first French vice consul in Luang Prabang. Returning to France in 1898, he writes essays, memoirs and observations from missions in Indochina , and rewrote Vietnamese and Lao tales [1] .
| Auguste Pavi | |
|---|---|
 Auguste Pavi in 1893. | |
| Date of Birth | May 31, 1847 |
| Place of Birth | Dinan , Brittany , France |
| Date of death | May 7, 1925 (aged 77) |
| A place of death | Tuir, Brittany, France |
| A country | |
| Occupation | Researcher and Diplomat |
| Awards and prizes | [d] ( 1903 ) |
Content
- 1 Early career
- 2 Missions
- 3 Return to France
- 4 memory
- 5 notes
Early career
Born in the family of an interior designer. At the age of 17, in 1864 he joined the French army, then transferred to the Marine Corps, where, together with his detachment, participated in a mission to Cochin in 1868 . In 1869, he was sent to Kokhinkhina as part of the Marine Corps, but the following year he was called up for military service in France during the Franco-Prussian War , where he reached the rank of Sergeant Major. After the war, he was sent to French Cambodia, appointed administrator of the postal and telegraph services in the remote Cambodian port of Kampot , where he studied Indochinese culture and the mentality of the local population [2] .
In 1880, he was entrusted with the first long mission: Pavi supervised the construction of a telegraph line between Phnom Penh and Kampot. Living here, he explored an area stretching from the Gulf of Thailand to Lake Tonle Sap , went to local holidays, wore national clothes and learned the Khmer language , sketched the highlands of Cambodia , which caused an ambiguous reaction from the French government. [3] .
Missions
During his missions, Pavi was able to explore an area of 676,000 km2, walk 30,000 km in mountainous areas northeast of the Mekong on foot, traveling on elephants, rafting on rivers, collecting a large amount of scientific information. He was accompanied by a team of forty assistants with a wide range of knowledge, from archeology to entology , some of them, such as the diplomat-doctor Pierre Lefebvre-Fontalis , and the immunologist Alexander Ersin , became famous.
Pavi's first mission lasted from 1879 to 1885 and covered areas of Cambodia and South Siam. The second mission, from 1886 to 1889, covered northeastern Laos, during which he explored the Black River. The third mission, from 1889 to 1891, included exploring the Mekong River from Saigon to Luang Prabang. The fourth mission, from 1894 to 1895, included areas of Laos bordering China and Burma .
Pavi opened several schools in French Indochina and personally escorted the first Cambodian applicants to France.
Often mention the famous operation to evacuate the royal family of Laos along the Mekong River, as a result of which the territory of Laos was included in the French Indochina, and the Siamese King Rama V recognized the French protectorate over Laos [4] .
Return to France
Auguste Pavia, exhausted by frequent fevers and dysentery, finally returned to France in 1895. He became the star of the Paris press, and then shaved off his legendary beard and began to live in solitude. At the age of fifty, on October 25, 1897, he married Helen Louise Margarita Zhikkele and devoted himself to writing research reports, where he described the events of missions in ten volumes and also compiled the first complete map of Indochina. The son Paul-Auguste was born in the family, who subsequently published a book about the life of his father since his return to France [5] .
Memory
In Vietnam, a monument to Pavi. There are also several brands with his image.
Notes
- ↑ Jérôme ROUER. Auguste Pavie . vorasith.online.fr. Date of treatment November 30, 2018.
- ↑ Lire en fête (July 25, 2011). Date of treatment November 30, 2018.
- ↑ Auguste Pavie. Au royaume du million d'éléphants: exploration du Laos et du Tonkin, 1887-1895 . - Harmattan, 1995-01-01. - 416 p. - ISBN 9782738435200 .
- ↑ Eldar Sattarov . Ciao, Vietnam . - Litres, 2018-05-04. - 316 p. - ISBN 9785041139025 .
- ↑ Pavie, Auguste (1847-1925). Auteur du texte. Mission Pavie: Indo-Chine, 1879-1895, ... / Auguste Pavie; ouvrage publié sous les auspices du Ministère des Affaires Etrangères du Ministère des Colonies et du Ministère de l'Instruction publique et des Beaux-Arts (neopr.) . Gallica (1898-1919). Date of treatment November 30, 2018.