Thioploca (lat.) Is a genus of gamma proteobacteria from the order of . Filamentous sulfur bacteria , which are found to a depth of 3000 meters off the west coast of South America , as well as found in freshwater bodies of water around the world [2] [3] . A large vacuole occupies more than 80% of the volume of their cells and stores nitrate . The bacterium also assimilates sulfides and accumulates elemental sulfur inside the cells, which are used to generate energy by oxidizing sulfide and sulfur with nitrate. The concentration of nitrate in vacuole is extremely high (500 mM), although the sedimentary rocks in which they live contain relatively little nitrogen (25 μM) [4] . Since this type of bacteria uses both sulfur and nitrogen compounds, they can provide an important link between the nitrogen and cycles. A distinctive feature of the sulfur-oxidizing bacteria of the genus Thioploca is the mucous membrane, which they use as a tunnel to move between the reduced sulfide-containing sediment and bottom water containing nitrate [5] [6] .
| Thioploca | |||||||||||||
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Thioploca Lauterborn 1907 [1] | |||||||||||||
Classification
As of October 2018, 4 species are included in the genus [7] [8] :
- Maier and Gallardo 1984
- Maier and Gallardo 1984
- Thioploca ingrica Wislouch 1912 [9]
- Thioploca schmidlei Lauterborn 1907 typus
Notes
- ↑ Jørgensen, BB; Gallardo, VA Thioploca spp .: Filamentous sulfur bacteria with nitrate vacuoles (English) // FEMS Microbiology Ecology: journal. - 1999. - Vol. 28 , no. 4 . - P. 301 . - DOI : 10.1111 / j.1574-6941.1999.tb00585.x .
- ↑ Chernitsyna S.m., Sergeeva V.n., Pogodaeva T.v., Namsaraev B.b., Zemskaya T.i. COLORLESS SULFUR BACTERIA OF THE GENUS THIOPLOCA FROM VARIOUS AREAS OF LAKE BAIKAL // Microbiology. - 2009. - T. 78 , no. 1 . - ISSN 0026-3656 .
- ↑ Hisaya Kojima, Andreas Teske, Manabu Fukui. Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterizations of Freshwater Thioploca Species from Lake Biwa, Japan, and Lake Constance, Germany // Applied and Environmental Microbiology. - 2003-1. - T. 69 , no. 1 . - S. 390–398 . - ISSN 0099-2240 . - DOI : 10.1128 / AEM.69.1.390-398.2003 .
- ↑ H. Fossing, VA Gallardo, BB Jørgensen, M. Hüttel, LP Nielsen, H. Schulz, DE Canfield, S. Forster, RN Glud, JK Gundersen, J. Küver, NB Ramsing, A. Teske, B. Thamdrup & O. Ulloa. Concentration and transport of nitrate by the mat-forming sulphur bacterium Thioploca (Eng.) // Nature : journal. - 2002. - Vol. 374 , no. 6524 . - P. 713-715 . - DOI : 10.1038 / 374713a0 .
- ↑ Gabe Paal . Biggest bacteria ever found , EurekAlert! (April 16, 1999).
- ↑ M. Huettel, S. Forster, S. Kloser, H. Fossing. Vertical Migration in the Sediment-Dwelling Sulfur Bacteria Thioploca spp. in Overcoming Diffusion Limitations // Applied and Environmental Microbiology. - 1996-6. - T. 62 , no. 6 . - S. 1863–1872 . - ISSN 0099-2240 .
- ↑ A. Teske, NB Ramsing, J. Küver & H. Fossing. Phylogeny of Thioploca and related filamentous sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (Eng.) // Systematic and Applied Microbiology : journal. - 1996. - Vol. 18 , no. 4 . - P. 517-526 .
- ↑ Genus Thioploca : [ eng. ] // . (Retrieved November 29, 2018) .
- ↑ 59. SM Wislouch: Thioploca ingrica nov. sp (English) // Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft. - 1912. - Vol. 30 , iss. 8 . - P. 470–474 . - ISSN 1438-8677 . - DOI : 10.1111 / j.1438-8677.1912.tb07514.x .
Links
- Thioploca Lauterborn, 1907 . Date of treatment November 28, 2018.
- Thioploca R. Lauterborn, 1907 (Approved Lists, 1980) . IRMNG taxon details . IRMNG.org . Date of treatment November 28, 2018.
- The genus Thioploca (Eng.) In the World Register of Marine Species . (Retrieved November 29, 2018) .