Tyr the Savior of Denmark ( Torvi ; dat. Thyra ) [1] - Queen of Denmark, wife of Gorm the Old , who reigned about 936-958 [2] . Mother of King Harald Sinezubiy .
Tyr the Savior of Denmark | |
---|---|
dates Tyra | |
Birth | unknown |
Death | unknown |
Rod | |
Father | |
Spouse | |
Children | and |
Asteroid (115) of Tire , discovered in 1871, was named after her.
Content
Historical facts and inaccuracies
While Gorm was given disparaging nicknames, his wife, Tira, was called a very sensible woman. Saxon Grammac wrote that it was Tira who was mainly responsible for building Danevirke on the southern border, however, archaeologists determined that the fortifications were much older, and Tira participated only in their expansion [3] .
Origin
The data on the origin of Tira relate to a later time, contradictory and chronologically doubtful. Saxo calls her the father of King Ethelred of England (usually identified with Ethelred of Wessex ), but mentioning her brother as Ethelstan indicates that he was referring to Edward the Elder , although not a single daughter with a similar name is mentioned in the preserved lists of Edward's children. In the Saga of the Jomswings and the Circle of the Earth , Snorri says that her father was a king or earl from Jutland or Holstein named Harald Klak .
Gorm's Dreams
According to tradition, it is believed that before Tira agreed to marry Gorm, she insisted that he build a new house and sleep in it during the first three winter nights and tell her about his dreams. He recounted his dreams during a wedding feast. According to the chronicles, they were like the dreams of Pharaoh from the Book of Genesis by Joseph . In the first dream, three white boars came out of the sea, pinched grass and returned to the sea. In the second, three red boars came out of the sea and did the same. In the third dream, three black boars with large fangs did the same, but when they returned to the sea, such a strong tide hit the beach that noise could be heard all over Denmark.
Death
Tyra died before Gorm, who erected in her honor a memorial stone in Jelling , on which she is called the "Pride of Denmark" or "Decoration of Denmark". Gorm and Tire were buried under one of the two great mounds in Jelling, and then their remains were transferred to the first Christian church. This was confirmed when, in 1978, under the eastern corner of the present church, their grave was discovered.
Tyra orders to found Danevirke ( Lorenz Froelich )
Northern Barrow in Jelling , "the grave of Tyra"
The runestone of Tyr. Front view.
The runestone of Tyr. Back view.
Notes
- ↑ Sawyer, Birgit. The Viking-age Rune-stones: Custom and Commemoration in the Early Medieval Scandinavia , p. 158 (Oxford University Press, 2000).
- ↑ Kongerækken Archived November 18, 2009. at the danish monarchy
- ↑ National Museum of Denmark (Nationalmuseet). The Danish collection: prehistoric period: Guide for visitors , para. 367 (Thiele 1908, translated by G. Auden).
Literature
- Saxo Grammaticus: The History of the Danes Vol II. Davidson, Hilda Ellis and Fisher, Peter. (1980) DS Brewer: Cambridge
- Salmonson, Jessica Amanda. (1991) The Encyclopedia of Amazons . Paragon House. Page 251. ISBN 1-55778-420-5