Alexander Alexandrovich Zilber (at birth Alexander Abelevich Zilber ; also used the pseudonym Ruchev ; March 13, 1899 , Pskov - April 29, 1970 , Moscow ) - Soviet composer. Brother of the writer Veniamin Kaverin .
| Alexander Alexandrovich Zilber | |
|---|---|
 | |
| basic information | |
| Birth name | Alexander Abelevich Zilber |
| Date of Birth | March 13, 1899 |
| Place of Birth | Pskov , Russian Empire |
| Date of death | April 29, 1970 (71 years old) |
| Place of death | Moscow |
| A country |  Russian Empire ,  the USSR |
| Professions | composer |
| Instruments | the piano |
| Genres | academic music |
| Aliases | Alexander Ruchev |
| Collectives | Blue blouse |
Content
Biography
Alexander Zilber was born on March 13, 1899 in Pskov , into a Jewish family, becoming the fifth child. In 1910 he was enrolled in the Pskov men's gymnasium . After the German occupation of Pskov in 1918, in order to avoid mobilization, he illegally crossed the front line and moved to Petrograd . In 1919 he moved to Moscow after his mother and brothers David, Leo and Benjamin (future writer Veniamin Kaverin). In Moscow, he entered the Physics and Mathematics Department of Moscow University , but almost immediately dropped out of school [1] .
Thanks to homework on the piano, Zilber got a taper in the cinema. He took part as a pianist and accompanist in the activities of the creative association “ Blue Blouse ”. He was familiar with the young singer Lidia Ruslanova , who advised the musician to take the pseudonym Ruchev. From 1922 to 1925 he studied at the Gnesins Music School in composition and piano, from 1926 to 1929 - at the Leningrad Conservatory (now the St. Petersburg Conservatory named after N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov ) in the composition class of Vladimir Shcherbachev [2] .
In 1927-1930 he was the musical director and conductor of the Leningrad Red Theater (currently the Baltic House Theater), in 1928-1931 the Lenin Komsomol Theater in Leningrad (now also part of the Baltic House). In 1935 he moved to Alma-Ata [3] , where in 1937-1938 he was the musical director of the Kazakh State Philharmonic named after Dzhambul . From 1942 to 1944 he was in charge of the musical part of the Oirot National Theater in Gorno-Altaysk . In 1946 he returned to Moscow [2] .
He died on April 29, 1970 in Moscow.
Creativity
Living in Alma-Ata, Alexander Zilber took an active part in the formation of Kazakh academic music. He penned the symphony “Renewed Kazakhstan” ( Kazakh. Zhagarkan Kazakhstan ) - the first symphony based on national Kazakh melodies. He also made a number of treatments of Kazakh folk songs for voice and piano [3] .
The author of a number of operas [4] :
- “Gilles Blaz” based on the novel of the same name by Alain Lesage ( 1936 );
- Becket, the libretto of Mukhtar Auezov in his own poem ( 1940 );
- "Vasily the Dark" on his own libretto ( 1946 );
- "Captain Gastello" on his own libretto ( 1954 );
- "Mashenka" on her own libretto based on the play by Alexander Afinogenov ( 1958 ).
In the 1920s he wrote music for the performances of the Red Theater. In the 1930s, he became the author of two musical comedies: “Roman and Julia” ( 1936 ) and “What Is Her Name” ( 1938 ) [4] .
Notes
- ↑ Nathan Levin. Pages of life. Family history: on the centenary of the birth of Benjamin Kaverin. Part 8: More about high school students . “The Pskov Province Online” No. 18 (89) (May 16–22, 2002).
- ↑ 1 2 Alexander Zilber (Streams) . JewAge .
- ↑ 1 2 Zilber, Alexander Alexandrovich // Kazakhstan. National Encyclopedia . - Almaty: Kazakh encyclopedias , 2005. - T. II. - ISBN 9965-9746-3-2 .
- ↑ 1 2 RUCHIEV Alexander Alexandrovich // Theatrical Encyclopedia / Chapter. ed. P.A. Markov. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1965. - T. 4. - 1152 stb. with ill., 76 l. ill. with.
Literature
- Zilber, Alexander Alexandrovich // Kazakhstan. National Encyclopedia . - Almaty: Kazakh encyclopedias , 2005. - T. II. - ISBN 9965-9746-3-2 .
- RUCHEV Alexander Alexandrovich // Theatrical Encyclopedia / Head. ed. P.A. Markov. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1965. - T. 4. - 1152 stb. with ill., 76 l. ill. with.
When writing this article, material from the publication Kazakhstan. National Encyclopedia ”(1998-2007), provided by the editors of the“ Kazakh Encyclopedia ”under a Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0 Unported license .