Sebastian (Sebastian, Sevastian) Brunner ( German: Sebastian Brunner ; 1814-1893) - Austrian writer , poet , journalist and Catholic theologian . One of the prominent figures of anti-Semitism in Europe in the 19th century.
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Biography
Sebastian Brunner was born on December 10, 1814 in the city of Vienna. He studied theology at the University of Vienna , was ordained priest in 1838 [2] .
From 1843 to 1848, State Chancellor of the Austrian Empire Clemens von Metternich entrusted him with the consideration of the reports of the envoys on the religious and social movement. In 1846, the State Chancellor sent him to Germany and France; Brunner presented him with a report in which he predicted that revolution should break out no later than two years later, and outlined his view of the situation in Germany in the novel Die Prinzenschule zu Möpselglück (2 volumes, Regensburg, 1847), in the last chapter of which March 1848 is definitely foreseen [2] . Moreover, he emphasized the " Jewish character " of some events [3] [4] .
From 1848 to 1865, S. Brunner published the Wiener Kirchenzeitung (ceased to exist in 1855), in which he developed the main provisions of the pre-March reports and, in harsh terms, attacked both Jews and Judaism . While Austria’s reaction was strong, Brunner’s attacks on Jews, due to censorship, were not refuted by Jewish writers, and it was not until 1860 that Ignaz Kuranda entered into a sharp controversy with him in the newspaper Ostdeutsche Post , proving that Brunner drew his anti-Semitic arguments from bad sources like Eisenmenger and Pfefferkorn. In addition, Kuranda was able to establish that Brunner was guided not so much by religious and political considerations as by the desire to increase sales of his newspaper. For the last statement, Brunner brought Kuranda to justice. Kuranda was acquitted, while Brunner received a number of reprimands from the chairman of the court for harsh remarks that were not appropriate for the " priestly dignity ." This court aroused great resonance at one time; The debate was published in Hebrew and German as a separate brochure [4] .
In 1853-1857 he was a preacher at the university church, but resigned when the church was returned to the Jesuits . In 1865, he was elevated to the rank of apostolic protonotarius, papal prelate, and Roman count [2] .
His first poems were little noticed. Readers were much more attracted by some satirical works of Sebastian Brunner in poems, the tone and content of which can be judged by their titles. These include: “ Der Nebeljungen Lied ” (Regensburg, 1845; 4th ed., 1857), with attacks on the Hegelian school; Schreiberküechte , Das deutsche Reichsvieh , etc. Adjacent to them are the stories Des Des Genies Malheur und Glük (2nd ed., 2 vols. Regensburg, 1847); “ Diogenes von Azzelbrunn ” (2nd ed., 2 vol., Vienna, 1853); Fremde und Heimat (2nd ed., 2 vol., Vienna, 1849). Subsequently, he published many travel descriptions [2] .
All these poetic and prose works, a complete collection of which (18 volumes) were published in Regensburg in 1864-1877, are rich in genuine humor and rude, often venomous wit, but at the same time they testify to the author’s fanatic bitterness against all the phenomena of modern life that come out beyond its narrow ultramontan worldview [2] .
Of historical interest are his works entitled Clemens Maria Hofbauer und seine Zeit (Vienna, 1858) and Die Kunstgenossen der Klosterzelle (2 volumes, Vienna, 1863), thanks to the materials contained in them for church history and art history . The same should be said of many of his other historical works, for example, Die theol. Dienerschaft am Hofe Josephs II "(Vienna, 1868); " Die Mysterien der Aufklärung in Oesterreich 1770-1800 " (Mainz, 1869). He also published a kind of autobiography, entitled: “ Woher? Wohin? "(2 vols., Vienna, 1855) and" Correspondances intimes de l'empereur Joseph II etc. "(1871) [2] .
Sebastian Brunner died on November 26, 1893 in his hometown and was buried in the cemetery of the Maria Enzersdorf Compound south of Vienna [5] .
He was awarded the Order of the Holy Sepulcher of the Lord of Jerusalem [6] .
Works (selection) [edit | Edit]
From his many works, almost all the phenomena (then) of modern life from an ultramountain point of view should be mentioned:
- The world is epic. Didactic poem. Fanatical, meaningless rejection of philosophy . Vienna 1844; 4th ed., Regensburg, 1857
- Lies of Nebeleungen (Regensburg, 1845, 3rd ed. 1852, poetry against liberal trends in politics, literature and theology)
- German Work . (Regensburg 1846, satirical poetry against Heinrich Heine)
- Johann Ronge, Luther of the 19th century . (Regensburg 1848, partial print of the above work)
- Stupid knight. Poetry gallery of German state poses . Regensburg 1848
Novels [edit | Edit]
- The genius of mischief and good luck . Leipzig 1843, 2 vols.
- Strangers and homeland . Vienna 1845
- Prinzenschule zu Möpselglück . Regensburg 1847
- Diogenes Azzelbrunn . Vienna 1853
Fonts [edit | Edit]
- German Reich cattle . 2nd ed., Vienna 1849
- Cuneiform letter . Regensburg 1856
- Where from? Where? A sort of autobiography. Regensburg 1855, 2 vols.
- Two Bushmen. (Borne and Heine). Described in the document. Paderborn, 1891 digitized
Travel Descriptions
- Do you know the country? Fun trips around Italy . Vienna 1857
- From the Venetian and Longobard lands . Vienna 1860
- Among the living and the dead . Vienna 1862
Historical Works
- Clemens Maria Hofbauer and his time . Vienna 1858
- Theological servants at the court of Joseph II . Vienna 1868
- Secrets of the Enlightenment in Austria 1770-1800 . Mainz 1869
- Humor in diplomacy and government science of the 18th century . Mainz 1872, 2 volumes
- Joseph II Characteristics of his life, his government, and his church reform . Herder, Freiburg, 1874
- Benedictine book. History, etc. of the Founders of the Benedictines . Wurzburg 1880
- Chorherrenbuh . Wurzburg 1883
- Buildings and building blocks to the history of German literature . Vienna 1884 onwards
Art Stories
- Comrades, comrades from the monastery cell . Vienna 1863
- Fun study and reviews about Italy and Italy . Vienna 1866, 2 volumes
Miscellaneous
- Correspondence of Intimes de l'empereur Joseph II, son of ami le comte de Cobenzl and son of the Prime Minister, Prince de Caunitz, ed. Brunner. Mainz 1871
- Collection of short stories and poetic works . 18 volumes. Regensburg 1863-77
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 118667734 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Brunner, Sebastian // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ JE, III, 404.
- ↑ 1 2 Brunner, Sebastian // Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron . - SPb. , 1908-1913.
- ↑ Riedl, Joachim. Mit Gott gegen die Juden. Porträt über Sebastian Brunner In: Die Zeit, vom 15. September 2011, Seite 22.
- ↑ Constantin von Wurzbach. Brunner, Sebastian. In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich. 2. Theil. Verlag der typografisch-literarisch-artistischen Anstalt (LC Zamarski, C. Dittmarsch & Comp.), Wien 1857, S. 176-178.
Literature
- Brunner, Sebastian // Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie .
- Brunner, Sebastian // Neue Deutsche Biographie .
- Brunner, Sebastian // Austrian Biographical Dictionary .
Links
- Brunner, Sebastian at the German Digital Library .