Hinan, Patrick Stanley Won

At the time of the birth of his son in Rifton Patrick's mother, Ann Stanley (b. 1882), was not married. At birth, he was given the mother's maiden name, information about his father was not preserved ^[1] . A little later, mother and son moved to Burma to mining engineer George Charles Hinan (1855-1912). Hinan used to play cricket in his spare time in various New Zealand teams in the 1880s and 1890s, however, in some sources he is called a supporter of the Irish independence movement ^{[3] [4]} . Evidence that Hinan was Patrick’s father or was married to Ann did not survive, but Patrick was baptized under the name Hinan in the Roman Catholic Church ^[1] . George Hinan passed away in the Burmese city of Pau in 1912, and Patrick’s mother later worked as a governess in a family named Carroll ^[1] .

In 1922, the Carrolls moved to England, and Ann followed with them. Mrs. Carroll passed away a few years later, and Bernard Carroll, who was an accountant by profession, married Anne ^[3] . Patrick studied at the school of Sevenoaks in 1923-1926 in Kent, and in 1927, at the age of 16, he entered Russian at Cheltenham College full-time; 13-year-olds studied in the same class as Patrick ^[3] . According to peers, Hinen studied poorly, and according to the Dictionary of National Biographies , was considered "a gloomy, offended child whom other pupils did not like" ( English gloomy, resentful misfit disliked by other pupils ) ^[3] . At the same time, he did very well in sports, especially boxing , thanks to his large physique ^{[1] [3]} . According to Elfik, Hinan constantly got into fights with both students and college leaders. Staying in the location of the Training Officer Corps , Hinen never finished preparatory officer courses in college, having lost the right to study as an officer in the British Army , and got a job in the Steel Brothers trading team ^[3] .

In the early 1930s, Hinen applied to the Army Assistance Reserve, which was his only way to become an officer without a proper education. According to Elfik, this might not have happened if the facts had been revealed that Hinan was an illegitimate son. Providing a baptism certificate and a school graduation certificate signed by the principal, Hinen nevertheless entered the reserve in 1932 with the approval of the head of the Cheltenham Training Officer Corps. In 1935, he was admitted to the British Army with a personal number 547AI ^[5] , living in Chime (Surrey, England). He was sent to the Indian Army, but after six months of training in the British regiment was never admitted to any Indian regiment, as a result of which he went through another six months of training in another British regiment and then was sent to the 16th Punjabi regiment . He distinguished himself in battles in the Northwest Frontier Province , but was later sent to the Indian Army Service Corps , which, according to Elfik, meant that he, as an unreliable officer, was expelled from the regiment at the forefront ^[1] .

In 1938-1939, Hinen, who later returned to the 16th Punjab regiment, spent six months on vacation, according to the tradition of the Indian Army, in Japan, where he was probably recruited by Japanese intelligence. In 1941, due to the imminent threat of Japanese invasion , Hinen's detachment was sent to British Malaya , where he was transferred to the Air Force communications unit and sent to courses in Singapore . In June 1941, during the course, Hinen was in North Malaya, in Kedah, at the Alor Star base, where many of the Royal British , Australian and New Zealand Air Force squadrons were based. On December 8, 1941, a few days after the attack on Pearl Harbor, the Japanese invaded Thailand and Malaya. Sydney Tavender, chairman of the Cotswold branch of the Association of POWs of the Far East Theater of WWII, a colleague of Hinan, wrote that the Japanese had carefully planned the attack: they intercepted radiograms and remembered all the British callsigns, despite the fact that the callsigns changed every day. By December 10, as a result of Japanese air raids in North Malaya, all parts of the British Air Force were destroyed.

Hinan was arrested during an air raid, and Tawender described it this way:

When we discovered that he was not in the bomb shelters, we suspected something was amiss. We entered his room and found a radio, still warm. It was then that we saw him [Hinan] for the last time. He was arrested ^[6] .

Original text

When we discovered he wasn't in the slit trenches with us we became suspicious. We went to his quarters and discovered a radio, which was still warm. That was the last we saw of him. He was arrested.

It turned out that Hinen transmitted to the Japanese radio conversations of the British and helped them make adjustments to the plans of air raids ^[1] . In addition to espionage equipment, a morse code transmitter seized from an alphanumeric keyboard was seized from him similarly to the Alfred Trager transceiver , and disguised as a typewriter. In January 1942, Hinan appeared before a tribunal in Singapore. Despite the fact that formally no verdict was passed, British officers received an unspoken order to execute Hinan for treason . He was detained for several weeks in Singapore.

On February 8, the Japanese almost completely occupied Singapore. Five days later, according to the writer Lynette Silver, who refers to Peter Elfik, Khinan was shot in Keppel Harbor ^[1] .

By February 13, Hinen began to be rude and ulcerate his guards that they would allegedly release him soon, and that they would be captured. It seems that the British military police decided to deal with him herself. Using the draw in the form of shuffling the deck, the officers chose who would shoot him. It is believed that he was dragged to the pier, where a sergeant with a pistol shot him in the back of the head and his body dropped into the water ^[7] .

Original text

By February 13, Heenan had become very cocky, taunting his guards that he would soon be free and they would be prisoners. It appears that British military police took matters into their own hands. After cards were cut to decide who would [kill] Heenan, it is alleged he was taken to the dockside, where a sergeant executed him with a single pistol shot to the back of the head. The body was then dumped in the harbor.

Military historian Brian Farrell, without denying that Hinan killed the 62nd British Squadron with his deed Nevertheless, he believes that he could not cause serious damage to the Allied forces ^[2] . Peter Elfik also believes that even without Hinan's subversive activities, British aviation had no chance of fighting the Japanese: their cars were outdated and their airfields too vulnerable to attack. However, Elfik added that in the interwar years, Hinen transmitted too much information to the Japanese and actually ensured the destruction of British aircraft in North Malaya, and the news that Hinan turned out to be a traitor simply morally crushed British soldiers and officers ^[1] .

In 1998, the families of those killed in World War II demanded to cross out the name of Hinan from the memorial at the Kranji military cemetery in Singapore ^[8] . As a result, the Commission on Military Graves of the Commonwealth of Nations decided to change his date of death from February 15, 1942, when he was formally declared missing ^[8] , to February 15, 1944 ^[5] .

• Edward Docker, Lynette Silver. Scapegoats for the Bloody Empire // Fabulous Furphies - 10 Great Myths from Australia's Past . - Burra Creek, NSW: Sally Milner Publishing, 1997 .-- ISBN 9781863511841 . . The text is provided under the program Four Corners , production of ABC , 2002.
• Peter Elphick, Michael Smith. Odd Man Out, the Story of the Singapore Traitor. - 2nd. - Trafalgar Square, 1994 .-- ISBN 9780340617014 .
• Brian P. Farrell. The Defense and Fall of Singapore 1940–1942 . - Stroud, Gloucs, UK: Tempus Publishing, 2005 .-- S. 146. - ISBN 9780752423111 .
• Alan Warren Singapore 1942, Britain's Greatest Defeat. - Singapore: Talisman, 2002 .-- ISBN 9789810453206 .
• Richard Begbie. The Pedal Radio of the Great Outback // Antique Radio Classified. - 1999 .-- July (vol. 16).

• Roger T. Stearn. Heenan, Patrick Stanley Vaughan (1910–1942), army officer and traitor (neopr.) . Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (2004). Date of treatment September 10, 2007.
• James Eagles. Patrick Heenan's Radio and the Flying Doctor (neopr.) . Royal Australian Naval Communications Branch Association (2005). Archived 2006-19-16.
• Peter Elphick. Cover-ups and the Singapore Traitor Affair (Neopr.) . Fall of Singapore 60th Anniversary Conference . ABC (November 28, 2001). Date of appeal October 16, 2015 .. The text is provided under the program Four Corners , production of ABC , 2002.