Dmitri Dmitiryevich Nagishkin ( September 30 ( October 13 ) 1909 , Chita - March 11, 1961 , Riga ) - Russian Soviet writer, book illustrator, member of the USSR Writers' Union since 1944, member of the CPSU since 1944 . He lived and worked in Khabarovsk , Riga , Moscow .
| Dmitry Nagishkin | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Aliases | N. Dmitriev |
| Date of Birth | September 30 ( October 13 ) 1909 |
| Place of Birth | Chita , Trans-Baikal Region , Russian Empire |
| Date of death | March 11, 1961 (51 years) |
| Place of death | Riga , Latvian SSR , USSR |
| Citizenship |  Russian empire  RSFSR  DVR  the USSR |
| Occupation | book illustrator, journalist, writer |
| Years of creativity | 1929-1961 |
| Direction | historical |
| Genre | tale, novel, fairy tales |
| Language of Works | Russian |
| Autograph |  |
| Works on the site Lib.ru | |
Content
Biography
Born in the family of an engineer. He studied first in Chita , then in Nikolaevsk-on-Amur [1] , where the family moved. In 1920, they left for Vladivostok.
Early began work. He sold newspapers, wrote signs, worked in fisheries, carried a porter in a port, an extra in a theater, a reporter in newspapers of Khabarovsk and Vladivostok.
| I was born on the Chinese border in 1909 - in a very exotic setting that from the first days of mine infected me with an unusual and extraordinary thirst. The father, an interesting person in himself, was a land engineer, a land surveyor - he wandered a lot from place to place by occupation, and therefore we, the children, saw a constant change in the situation, new people, strange and strange customs of the Old Believers, Mongols, Chinese, drilled, Tungus ... |
In 1928 he graduated from the electrical engineering vocational school in Vladivostok [2] with a degree in electrician [3] .
From 1929 he was published in newspapers, worked as a graphic artist in the Vladivostok newspaper "Red Banner". He wrote reviews, critical notes and journalistic articles.
From 1931 he lived in Khabarovsk, he worked as the head of the illustration department of the Pacific Star newspaper.
From the memoirs of the widow of the writer Galina Justinovna Black :
“Dima worked in Khabarovsk as the head of the illustrative department of the newspaper, and I was in the letters department. The arrests of "enemies of the people" began. In the morning, an order to fire some employee of a newspaper, publishing house or printing house “because it was impossible to use” was posted on the notice board, and in the evening or at night he was taken away. Our house on Frunze Street, where the workers of the publishing house lived, was empty. The editorial staff was completely changed twice. Dima in the mornings, because of the night work on the manuscript, rose with difficulty, I myself picked it up and delivered on time to work. But that morning I was desperate to wake him up and with a vengeful thought “You will be late, then you will learn how to wake up!”, I left him at home and went alone to the editor. The first thing that caught my eye on the bulletin board was the dismissal of her husband. I rushed home, lifted him out of bed and urgently sent him to brother Vasily, where he outcasted all fears. Later he managed to get a job in a different edition, and then recover in ours. ”
In 1937 he published his first fairy tales, based on collected local folklore on r. Cupid , which will then be published under the single title "Amur Tales" [4] [5] . The first significant work is the story "Silent Bay" (1942) [6] .
In 1945, during the Soviet-Japanese war, Dmitry Nagishkin was a war correspondent for "Alarm" on the ships of the Amur Red Banner Flotilla . On the material of this campaign created "Sungarii notes."
He was seriously interested in the oral creativity of the small peoples of the Amur region . The author of the collections of fairy tales "The Boy Chokcho" (1945), "The Amur Tales" (1946) [7] , "The Brave Azmun" (1949) [8] , the theoretical work "The Tale and Life", etc.
The most famous is his historical novel Heart of Bonivur (1944-1953) about the heroes of the Civil War in the Far East , based on the fate of Vitaly Banevur . According to the novel was shot the same film . The novel was reprinted in Russian only about 30 times.
In 1950 he studied at the Institute of Literature. Gorky (at the correspondence department) [9] [10] .
In 1953 he moved to Riga [11] , was deputy editor of the almanac “Soviet Latvia” and deputy chairman of the Russian section of the Writers' Union of Latvia. The Riga period of life was reflected in the collection of Latvian folk tales "The Golden Casket", retold for the Russian reader on the materials of Anna Baugi, and the story "The City of the Golden Cockerel" was written.
In 1957 he moved with his family to Moscow . The writing of the book “Constellation of the Sagittarius” - a large multi-faceted novel about life in the rear during the Great Patriotic War in Khabarovsk (published posthumously, 1962) [10] [12] .
Since 1959 - Chairman of the Board of the Literary Fund of the RSFSR.
In 1960, the writer last arrived in Khabarovsk .
| The heroes of my books and my children were born in the Far East, where I read the first book and wrote my first book. The Far East occupies a special place in my soul that belongs to first love ... |
He died tragically (fell under the train ) on March 11, 1961 in Riga [13] . He was buried in Moscow, at the Novodevichy cemetery.
Creativity
From the memoirs of Nina's sister: “One of the Far Easterners (it seems that his last name is Lebedev) helped Dmitry to enter the path of the writer. Dima called him his second father ” [14] .
Khabarovsk Dmitry Nagishkin described as follows:
| Three mountains, two holes - forty thousand portfolios! |
Recorded, being a correspondent, how the crypt was opened in the Assumption Cathedral of Khabarovsk with the first Amur Governor-General, Baron Andrei Nikolaevich Korf (1831-1893) [15] [16] :
“Only the cathedral was broken [17] . What for? This is a special question. Now no one would do that ... When they opened the crypt in the cathedral, they found in it a coffin with the remains of the penultimate governor of the region, Baron Korf, buried in full full dress, with all the regalia. The whole city ran to look at the baron. Although not one decade had passed since his burial, the Baron looked excellent. Stuffed his mustache stuck out like a cat. Straight, hard hair, somewhat regrown, retained the perfect parting. Thick eyebrows in his dark face hid the authorities' strictness, and full lips were slightly inflated, as if the baron wanted to note: “Fuy! What is this gathering, gentlemen? Ask for a break up! ”
Those present gasped when they saw the Baron, who in all his glory had survived the revolutionary upheavals. The lovers of antiquity said with admiration: “That's how it was before, but!” Believers understood the appearance of the Baron in such a way as a certain sign of something to someone.
But here the Baron surprised everyone who was present with different feelings when opening it - he, without expressing his attitude to the fact that his afterlife had been disturbed, began to turn into dust, and soon no one left from his official and military splendor nothing but a few bunches of stiff hair, filled teeth, buttons that have tarnished right away and heels from boots, put on good nails!
In this form, the baron occupied much less space, and the task of transferring his ashes to another place, to an ordinary cemetery, no longer amounted to any difficulties ... ".
I wrote and how the monument to the Governor-General of Eastern Siberia N. N. Muravyov-Amursky in Khabarovsk was demolished :
“Now a monument to Muravyov-Amursky [18] , the author of the Aigun treatise , about which thick and good books are written by one famous writer [19] , would be very useful. Yes, some zealous mayor [20] , who, in his youth, did not have time to prove himself in the struggle against living generals in the years of the civil war, not knowing the history and simple-mindedly believing that every tsarist general is an executioner of the working people, ordered the governor general to a high pedestal, from where he was visible from the river for twenty kilometers, and take him to Arsenal. There they melted down both the general and the treatise, which approved the power of Russia on these shores, and the sword, never taken out by Muravyov-Amursky. From the metal thus obtained, they made some important and necessary objects in everyday life, such as window shutters or forks. And the monument was the work of the famous Russian sculptor Opekushin ! ”
In 2014, the novel “Constellation of Sagittarius” was reissued in the “Literary Heritage of the Amur Region” series (in this series, works by Anatoly Vakhov , Vsevolod Ivanov and Yulia Shestakova ) [21] were published under the auspices of the Writers' Union and the regional ministry of culture.
In 2014, the publishing house "Speech" reissued and "Amur Tales" with drawings by Gennady Pavlishin [22] [23] .
Works Nagishkina translated into many languages: Ukrainian, Polish, Romanian, German, and others. [24]
Interesting Facts
The Nagishkin family lived first in Nikolaevsk-on-Amur, and before the city was burned by the detachment of the commander of the Okhotsk front Tryapitsyna in 1920, she managed to leave on a barge up to. Guga , and then, in August 1920, reached Vladivostok [16] [25] .
Local historians claim that Dmitry Nagishkin studied in the Khabarovsk gr. Muravyov-Amur cadet corps, when he moved from Khabarovsk to about. Russian (17th, 18th editions, 1921–1922) [26] and hid it all his life. However, in the list of Khabarovsk personnel. Muravyov-Amur cadet corps from 1900 until the last days of its existence, until February 1, 1925 (21st edition) Nagishkin does not appear (see Khabarovsk graph Muraviev-Amur cadet corps 1888-1978 g. / Seyfullin L., Shkurkin O., Reutt I. Jubilee Labor by the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Corpus. Reply by P. Hattenberger. - San Francisco: The Globe; Russian National Publishing House and Printing House of Vladimir Azar, 1978. - 293 p., List on pp. 189–226.).
In 1931, Dmitry Nagishkin worked as a correspondent in the Khabarovsk newspaper " Pacific Star ", where he met with the famous children's writer Arkady Gaydar . It is this communication, according to the recollections of Nagishkin himself, that “prompted him to start writing for children.”
His friend was the writer Nikolai Zadornov .
Family
Father - Dmitry Prokopievich Nagishkin (1876-?), Engineer-topographer / land surveyor, food emissary at the construction of the Ayano-Nelkan highway. Also on his project in the Urals was built stud, for which he was awarded a medal. A brewery was built in Verkhneudinsk according to his project. He wrote his manuscript “The Barguzinsk taiga” was published as an economic essay in Verkhneudinsk in 1922 [27] [28] .
Mother - Elena Alexandrovna (in maidens. Skomorokhova / Kashirina) (1876-1951), housewife.
The family had four children, besides Dmitry, two older brothers: Alexander (1896–1954) and Vasily (1897–1964), elder sister Nina (Kolesnikova) (1906–1999) [14] .
Wife - Galina Justinovna Chernaya (Nagishkina) (1912-2008), journalist.
The eldest son Dmitriy - drowned in Amur in Khabarovsk in 1953.
The younger son, Igor Dmitrievich Nagishkin (1942–2013, died in Moscow), was a writer, was a church reader (psalm-reader), a setter and a librarian [29] .
Memory
In Khabarovsk, he lived in the house number 39 on the street. Karl Marx (an apartment in 1955 was given to N. D. Navolochkin, a writer).
In 1976, one of the streets of Khabarovsk (formerly Institutskaya, Central District) was named [30] .
The plaque was installed November 11, 2008 on the street. Muravyov-Amursky, 11, in Khabarovsk, by the decision of the Khabarovsk City Council (No. 639 of July 15, 2008) [31] .
Text:
| In this building in different years of the 20th century Far Eastern writers lived and worked: Azhayev Vasily Nikolaevich , Rogal Nikolay Mitrofanovich , Nagishkin Dmitry Dmitrievich |
Works
- Nagishkin D.D. Amur fairy tales [Brave Azmun]. Fig. the author. - M .; - L .: Det. Lit., 1946. - 66 p., ill.
- Nagishkin D. D. Silent Bay: Tale. Fig. V. N. Konstantinova. - M .; - L .: Dalgiz, 1947. - 134 p.
- Nagishkin D. D. City of the Golden Cockerel. Fig. G. Filippovsky. - M .: Detgiz, 1962. - 284 p., Il.
- Nagishkin D.D. [N. Dmitriev] Archer constellation: Roman. - M .: Owls. writer, 1965. - 630 p.
- Nagishkin D. D. Seven fears. Amur fairy tales. Fig. auth. in the redrawing of G. P. Zinchenko. - Khabarovsk: Prince. ed., 1966. - 56 p., il.
- Nagishkin D. D. Bonivur's Heart: Roman. - L .: Lenizdat, 1977. - 624 p.
- Nagishkin D. Amur tales of Amur. Fig. G. D. Pavlishin. - Khabarovsk: Prince. ed., 1977. - 222 p.
- Nagishkin D.D. Amur fairy tales (in Ukrainian D. Nagishkin. Amurska Kazki). Per. with rus. V.P. Prokopenko. Fig. I. A. Vyshinsky, N. D. Kotel. For ml. wk ascended - K .: Veselka, 1978. - 140 p., Il. (Bible Series)
- Nagishkin D. D. Silent Bay: Tale. - Khabarovsk: Prince. ed., 1987. - 112 p.
- Nagishkin D. Amur tales of Amur. Fig. G. D. Pavlishin. - SPb .: Speech, 2014. - 295 p., Il.
- Nagishkin D. The constellation of the archer: Roman. Preface N. Kostyuk. Under total ed. MF Aslamov. - Khabarovsk: Khabarovsk reg. Separate Union of Writers of Russia, 2014. - 528 p. (Literary Heritage Series of Amur Region)
Literature
- Writers of Soviet Latvia. - Riga, 1955.
- Russian Soviet writers, prose writers. Bibliographical index. T. 3. Makarenko - M. Prishvin. - L .: GPB, 1964. - P. 124-132.
- Yanovsky N. N. Nagishkin // Brief literary encyclopedia. T. 5: Murari - Chorus. - M .: Owls. Entsikl., 1968. - Stb. 69-70.
- Writers of the Far East: Bibliography / Comp. E.M. Alenkina. - Khabarovsk: Prince. ed., 1973. - p. 180-184.
- Writers of the Far East. Biobibliographic reference. Issue 2 / Comp. TV Kirpichenko, L. N. Tsinovskaya. - Khabarovsk: Khabar. regional univers. scientific b-ka, 1989. - p. 271-275.
- G. Kolesnikova. From Life to Fiction: (The Image of Siberia in the Works of Sov. Writers). - M., 1982. - Ch. 9. At Siberian crossroads: [About D. Nagishkin and his work]. - p. 317-351.
- Minakova A. M. Nagishkin Dmitry Dmitrievich // Russian children's writers of the XX century: Bibliographic dictionary. - M .: Flint ; Science , 1997. - p . 304 . - ISBN 5-02-011304-2 .
- Literary guide. Khabarovsk writers: fate and creativity. Bibliography, prose, poetry. Under total ed. MF Aslamov. To the 70th anniversary of the Khabarovsk Regional Writing Organization. - Khabarovsk: Prince. ed., 2004. - 326 p., pp. 131-134 (creativity), 314 (biography).
- Selected Prose of the Journal Far East: Prose Works of Far Eastern Writers for 75 Years: 1933-2008 / Author of the project and responsible. for issue V.V. Sukachev [V. V. Springer], ed. L.I. Milanich. - Khabarovsk: Ed. House Far East, 2008. - 608 p., pp. 344-359 (From “Sungarii Sketches”).
- Streets of the Far Eastern capital: Biographical guide / Comp. T.S. Bessolitsyna, L.S. Grigorov. - Khabarovsk: A. Yu. Khvorov, 2008. - 160 p., Ill., Pp. 120-121.
- In memory we store. Illustrated catalog of memorial plaques of the Khabarovsk Territory. Sost .: T.S. Bessolitsyna, L.S. Grigorov. - Khabarovsk: Ed. Khvorova A. Yu., 2010. - 208 p., Ill., P. 22.
- Encyclopedia of the literary life of the Amur region of the 19th — 21st centuries. Comp., Ed., Intro. Art. A.V. Urmanova. - Blagoveshchensk: Ed. BSPU, 2013. - 484 p., P. 279.
Periodicals
- Yanovsky N. Dmitry Nagishkin // Dal. East. - 1973. - № 5 - p. 135-150.
- Yanovsky N. History and Modernity. - Novosibirsk, 1974. - p. 180-217.
- On the last arrival of D. D. Nagishkina to Khabarovsk // Dal. East. - 1976. - № 12. - p. 152.
- Alekseenko M. Obsessed citizen: [About D. Nagishkin, kor. far east newspapers] // Mol. Far East. - 1978. - May 5th.
- Eselev N. ... And Bonivur's heart beats // Koms. true. - 1979. - 14 oct.
- Menovshchikov G. A. Three letters of Dmitry Nagishkin // In the North of the Far. - 1979. - № 2. - P. 98-103.
- Navolochkin N. Day with Dmitry Nagishkin: To the 75th birthday of the writer // Dal. East. - 1984. - № 10. - p. 146-150.
- Katerinich V.N. “Sagittarius Constellation” - a novel about Khabarovsk. // Art of the arts. 2001, No. 1 (7).
- Nagishkin I.D. The story is alive and dead: Reflections. // Art of the arts. 2005, No. 1 (15).
- Kolesnikova (Nagishkina) ND. Breath of life: Through times and destinies (Memoirs of 1967, provided by I. D. Nagishkin - son of D. D. Nagishkin.). // Art of the arts. 2008, No. 1-2 (21-22).
- Eremin V. Dmitri Dmitrievich Nagishkin. Chapter lxxxviii. Prose.ru, 2013.
Reviews
- The magical world of fairy tales // Book. review. - 1975. - 1 May. - p. 9.
- Gontmakher P. The Second Birth of the Book // Dal. East. - 1975. - № 12. - p. 150-152.
- Varabanova M. What is the beauty of these fairy tales // Preschool. upbringing. - 1976. - № 7. - p. 106-108.
- Okladnikov A.P. Fairy-tale world of the people of Amur // Nagishkin D. Amurskie tales. - Khabarovsk, 1977. - p. 218-223;
- Shvedova I. Legends of the Amur Region // Lit. Russia. - 1979. - March 23. - p. 8.
- Khavkin O. The storyteller Dim Dimych // Nagishkin D. City of the Golden Cockerel: A Tale. - M, 1983. - S. 3-6.
Notes
- ↑ In Nikolaevsk-on-Amur, he studied at a city school in the second grade.
- ↑ In Vladivostok, he studied at the seven-year Soviet school on Second River.
- ↑ Writers of the Far East: Bibliography. Khabarovsk, 1973.
- Пис Writers P. Komarov , P. Bazhov , Academician A. Okladnikov highly appreciated the book.
- ↑ At the international book exhibition in Leipzig ( Leipziger Buchmesse ) in 1977, the book received a gold medal - “Golden Apple”.
- ↑ Literary guide. Khabarovsk writers: fate and creativity. Bibliography, prose, poetry. Under total ed. MF Aslamov. Khabarovsk, 2004, p. 314 (biography).
- ↑ The first publication of fairy tales in Khabarovsk (1946) was illustrated by the writer himself.
- Siberian critic Nikolai Yanovsky (1914-1990): "This tale about Nagishkin himself."
- ↑ Dmitry Nagishkin was a great erudite. When he passed the exams, it turned out that he knew no less than any examiner. This is the memory of Rustam Agishev , who passed the exams along with Nagishin.
- ↑ 1 2 “Constellation Sagittarius” - a novel about Khabarovsk | Word Book of the Arts . www.slovoart.ru. The appeal date is February 22, 2016.
- Несчаст A misfortune happened to their family: a son drowned in Amur, and they almost immediately left Khabarovsk. I corresponded for a long time with Galina Ustinovna Chernaya (Nagishkin's wife). L. Rogal. "Khabarovsk, the writer Rogal." // "Far East", № 5, 2009.
- ↑ The novel “Constellation of Sagittarius” was first published in the issues of the journal “Siberian Lights” for 1962.
- ↑ According to the writer Viktor Eremin, Dmitry Nagishkin decided to start his new novel “The Constellation of Sagittarius” in the House of Art in Dubulti (part of the city of Jurmala , 22 km from Riga ). March 11, 1961, putting the last point in the novel, he aspired to Moscow , the ticket was purchased in advance. Saying goodbye to everyone, he went to the station. Less than half an hour later, the Directorate of the House of Creativity called and said that the writer had been hit by a train. How and why this happened is unknown to this day.
- ↑ 1 2 A breath of life | Word Book of the Arts . www.slovoart.ru. The appeal date is February 21, 2016.
- ↑ Where is Baron Korf buried? << Science, History, Education, Media | Debry-DV . debri-dv.com. The appeal date is February 13, 2016.
- ↑ 1 2 The Mystery of Baron Korf and Khabarovsk << Science, History, Education, Media | Debry-DV . debri-dv.ru. The appeal date is February 13, 2016.
- Demolished in 1930, rebuilt - the cathedral was not rebuilt, but a memorial church only in 2001
- ↑ filmed in 1925 and restored only in 1992
- ↑ Nikolay Zadornov
- ↑ decision was made by Dalrevkom, its chairman Jan Gamarnik
- ↑ True poet Mikhail Aslamov celebrates his anniversary in Khabarovsk << Science, History, Education, media | Debry-DV . debri-dv.com. The appeal date is February 13, 2016.
- ↑ People's Artist of Russia from Khabarovsk drew a new book about the Amur taiga << News | Debry-DV . debri-dv.com. The appeal date is February 13, 2016.
- ↑ Amur Fairy Tales by Nagishkina with drawings by Pavlyshina reissued in Russia << Science, History, Education, Media | Debry-DV . debri-dv.com. The appeal date is February 13, 2016.
- ↑ Nagishkin Dmitry / N / Literary Guide . www.litmap.ru. The appeal date is April 24, 2016.
- ↑ In August 1920, the Nagishkins arrived in Vladivostok on the rights of refugees. Here they were settled in barracks in the area of the Second River. More than a year I had to live in a common barracks, then rented a house.
- ↑ see. The Cadet Collection Memo “Khabarovsk Count Muraviev-Amursky Cadet Corps. Historical essay. It was compiled and published between 1957 and 1977 by cadets of this Corps in the Russian Diaspora, in a very limited number of copies, practically only for Khadets from Khabarovsk. 77 cadet-Khabarovsk editions contributed to the publication of this Memo, as indicated in the Memo itself. The initiators of the publication were N. N. Murzin, S. N. Bogolyubov and A. D. Martyanov, Cadet-Khabarovsk editors, S. N. Bogolyubov, V. Egorov and A. D. Martyanov, editors of Khabarovsk cadet. The decoration of the Memo was entrusted to N. S. Bogolyubov, cadet of the First Russian Cadet Corps in Belaya Tserkov, son of S. N. Bogolyubov. The memo has 278 pages, large format, such as an album. The book contains many original historical photographs of the Khabarovsk Territory and the Khabarovsk Count Muravyov-Amur Cadet Corps, some of which are undoubtedly unique.
- ↑ An excerpt from the essay of D. P. Nagishkina: “The exploration path is a riding trail, which is difficult even for a familiar person: a lot of difficult mountain ascents and descents, the trail lies on the eaves of steep mountains and slopes at a huge height and in other places rather one careless turn of a pack horse in order to run the risk of flying down 200–300 sazhen on a steep slope with no hope of a happy outcome ... ”
- ↑ Siberian Soviet Encyclopedia. In 4 t. T. T. 1. A - J. - Novosibirsk: Siberian regional ed., 1929. - 494 p., Pp. 190-203, p. "Lake Baikal, the lake."
- ↑ The story is alive and dead | Word Book of the Arts . www.slovoart.ru. The appeal date is February 22, 2016.
- ↑ Streets of the Far Eastern capital: Biographical guide / Comp. T.S. Bessolitsyna, L.S. Grigorov. - Khabarovsk: A. Yu. Khvorov, 2008. - 160 p., Ill., Pp. 120-121.
- ↑ Store in memory. Illustrated catalog of memorial plaques of the Khabarovsk Territory. Sost .: T.S. Bessolitsyna, L.S. Grigorov. - Khabarovsk: Ed. Khvorova A. Yu., 2010. - 208 p., Ill., P. 22.