Sufion [3] [4] ( Greek Σουφλίον [5] ή Σουφλί ) is a small town in Greece . Located at an altitude of 98 meters above sea level [1] , on the right (west) bank of the Evros River ( Maritsa ), 53 kilometers northeast of Alexandroupolis and 420 kilometers northeast of Athens . The administrative center of the homonymous community in the peripheral unit Evros in the periphery of East Macedonia and Thrace . The population is 3,837 people according to the 2011 census [2] .
| Small town | |
| Swallow | |
|---|---|
| Greek Σουφλίον | |
 | |
| A country |  Greece |
| Status | Community Administrative Center |
| Periphery | East Macedonia and Thrace |
| Peripheral unit | Evros |
| Community | Swallow |
| History and geography | |
| Square | 160,127 [1] km² |
| Center height | 98 [1] m |
| Timezone | and |
| Population | |
| Population | 3837 [2] people ( 2011 ) |
| Digital identifiers | |
| Telephone code | +30 25540-2 |
| Postcode | |
On the eastern outskirts of the city passes the national road 51 Ardanion - Orestias .
History
The first mention of Sufion in 1667 belongs to the Turkish traveler Evliya Celebi . At this time, Suflion was a large village and exempt from taxation. Turkish village name tour. Soufulu is probably derived from the dervish abode ( khanaki ). The area of Suflion was inhabited from the Neolithic . Archaeological finds date back to the period from the early Neolithic to the tombs of the Hellenistic period . Thracian tribes lived here [6] .
At the beginning of the 19th century, during the Ottoman rule, Suflion was the financial, political and cultural center of a rich province, which included both the western and eastern banks of the Evros River with a population of about 60,000 people. The rapid population growth is associated with the growth of sericulture , which for many years has been the basis of the regional economy [6] .
At the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries in the city, the large silk factories were created by the brothers Azaria and Pappo Abraham ( Αζαρία και Πάππο Αβραάμ ) in 1908, the brothers Bohor and Eliezer Dzivre ( Μποχώρ και λιέζερ β94 ). Pandelis Hadzisavvas ( Παντελής Χατζησάββας ) in 1924. In 1954, the brothers Evangelos and Ioannis Tsiakiris ( Ευάγγελος και ωάννης Τσιακίρης ) created their own factory, which is currently operating, in 1967 a state-owned factory was established. Also developed winemaking, crafts. Until 1922, 60 carpenters making carts and a blacksmith, as well as four steam mills and numerous sesame oil production worked in the village [6] .
After the Asia Minor Catastrophe of 1922–23, Eastern Thrace retreated to the educated Republic of Turkey . Suffion lost most of its agricultural land, including 70 square kilometers of mulberry gardens, the only edible plant for silkworm. At the same time, the silk industry came under state control and taxation, which led to a gradual reduction in silk production and exports to Europe. The invention and distribution of artificial silk finally stopped local sericulture. Four silk factories and most handicraft industries have stopped working. At present, there are three silk-weaving workers and a network of retail stores selling silk products in Sufion (the full cycle from cocoon to finished product is carried out only by the Tsiakiris silk factory). The production of silk cocoons in Suflion and its environs fell from 800,000 kilograms in 1908 to 5,000 kilograms in 1993 [6] .
Silk Museum
Most of the inhabitants of Suflion are engaged in the handicraft production of silk , here is the largest silk market in Greece. Silkworm cultivation and silk production made the region an important center of Greece in the 19th — mid-20th century [7] . Silk Museum in Sufion It has been working since 1990 and is located in a unique mansion of the doctor, scientist and politician Konstantinos Kurtidis (1870-1944). The mansion was built in 1883 by local artisans, is a wonderful example of local urban architecture and was donated by his daughter Maria Kurtidis-Pastras. The museum was reopened after reconstruction in 2009 [8] .
Attractions
The city is the Museum of silk, art silk museum (Μουσείο Τέχνης Μεταξιού), Folklore Museum (Λαογραφικό Μουσείο Σουφλίου Μπουρουλίτη «Τα Γνάφαλα ») and the Municipal Museum (Δημοτικό Μουσείο Σουφλίου (Αρχοντικό Μπρίκα) ), located in a mansion Brikasa, built around 1890, St. George’s Church (1818, 1854), St. Athanasius’s Church (1840), the Prophet Elias Chapel, a former gymnasium building built in 1870–80 for the French customs, the Dzivré brothers silk factory: it was built in 1909 by the Cheriano brothers ( Ceriano ) , and since 1920 yla own brother Bokhorov and Eliezer Dzivre [9] .
The Swfion Community
The Sufion community was created in 1924 ( ΦΕΚ 194Α ) [5] . The community consists of three localities. The population of 4,487 people was at the 2011 census [2] . The area is 160,127 square kilometers [1] .
| Locality | Population (2011) [2] , person |
|---|---|
| Sidiro | 465 |
| Swallow | 3837 |
| Yanuli | 185 |
Population
| Year | Population, man |
|---|---|
| 1991 | 4580 [10] |
| 2001 | 4357 [10] |
| 2011 | ↘ 3837 [2] |
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 πογραφή πληθυσμού - κατοικιών της 18ης μαρτίου 2001 (μόνο πληθυσμός) (Greek) . - Πειραιάς: Εθνιιή στατιστική υπηρεσία της Ελλάδας , 2009. - . I. - Σ. 412 . - ISSN 1106-5761 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Πίνακας αποτελεσμάτων Μόνιμοο Πληθυσ-Απογραφ 2011 (Greek) . Ελληνική Στατιστική Αρχή (20 Μαρτίου 2014). The appeal date is October 22, 2017.
- ↑ Suflion // Dictionary of Place Names of Foreign Countries / Otv. ed. A.M. Komkov . - 3rd ed., Pererab. and add. - M .: Nedra , 1986. - P. 310-354.
- ↑ Greece: Reference Map: Scale 1: 1,000,000 / ch. ed. Ya. A. Topchiyan ; Ed .: G. A. Skachkova , N. N. Ryumin . - M .: Roskartografiya, Omsk cartographic factory , 2001. - (Countries of the world "Europe"). - 2000 copies
- ↑ 1 2 Διοικητικές μεταβολές δήμων και κοινοτήτων. Κ. Σουφλίου (Έβρου) (Greek) . ΕΕΤΑΑ. The appeal date is November 7, 2018.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 History . Ουσείο χνης Μεταξιού. The appeal date is November 7, 2018.
- Μουσείο Μετάξης. Περιγραφή (Greek) . Πουργείο Πολιτισμού και θλητισμο (2012). The appeal date is November 7, 2018.
- Μουσείο Μετάξης. Ιστορικό (Greek) . Πουργείο Πολιτισμού και θλητισμο (2012). The appeal date is November 7, 2018.
- ↑ Αξιοθέατα (Greek) . Ουσείο χνης Μεταξιο. The appeal date is November 7, 2018.
- ↑ 1 2 ι νιμοο και Πραγμα τλλθθσσμός της Ελλάδο. Σύνολο Ελλάδος, νομοί, δήμοι / κοινότητες, δημοτικα / κοινοτικά διαμερίσμα και οικισμοί. Πογραφές πληθυσμού 2001 και 1991 (Greek) (not available link) . Ελληνική Στατιστική Αρχή . The appeal date is June 22, 2017. Archived July 16, 2006.