Vir or Virsky ancient settlement is an ancient city , currently an archaeological monument, a ancient settlement on the left bank of the Vir River at the mouth of its tributary the Kryga River in the area of the modern city of Belopolye in the Sumy region of Ukraine .
History
Vyr was first mentioned in the Ipatiev Chronicle in 1113 . Mentioned in the annals in 1147, 1160, 1161 in connection with the struggle against the Polovtsy and feudal civil strife in the southern lands of Kievan Rus . Vir was the center of the volost of the same name between the headwaters of the rivers Sula and Diet . In the XII century more than once passed from hand to hand. In 1159-1162 years Vir was the capital of the inheritance of Izyaslav Davydovich . Later, along with the Kursk Poseymiem, Vir was part of the Novgorod-Seversky principality . He played an important role in the defense system of the south-eastern borders of Russia, controlling the passage to the Polovtsian steppe. Destroyed in 1239 during the Mongol-Tatar invasion . Discovered by the theologian and historian Philaret (Gumilevsky ) in the middle of the XIX century . The settlement was investigated by Bogussevich in 1958-1859 and by Priymak in 1985] —1993.
Description
The city consisted of a detintsa (1.5 hectares), which occupied a high (15–18 m) cape on the left bank of the river Krieg, and a “roundabout city” ( burg ), to which an open Posad adjoined (7–10 hectares). In total, about 800 m2 were excavated in different parts of the settlement. The remains of residential and industrial buildings, traces of blacksmith and jewelry crafts and bone carving were found.
Literature
- Kovalenko V.P. VIR // Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine : 10 tons: [ ukr. ] / Editorial .: V.A. Smoliy (head) and ін. ; Institute of History of Ukraine NAS of Ukraine . - K .: Naukova Dumka , 2003. - T. 1: A - V. - 688 p. : іl. - ISBN 966-00-0734-5 .
- Ipatiev Chronicle. In the book: PSRL, v. 2. M. – L., 1962; Zaitsev A.K. Chernigov principality. In the book: Old Russian princedoms of the 10th – 13th centuries. M., 1975; Priymak V.V.
When writing this article, we used the material of the article “ VIR ” (author Kovalenko V.P.) from the publication “ Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine ”, available under the license Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0 Unported .