Ethnocultural Competence

Ethno-cultural competence ( Eng. Ethno-cultural competence ) is a personality trait, expressed in the presence of a set of objective representations and knowledge about a particular ethnic culture, realized through the skills, abilities and behaviors that promote effective inter-ethnic understanding and interaction ^[1] .

Ethnocultural competence is realized primarily in a high degree of understanding, proper consideration of the uniqueness of the functioning of the national psychological characteristics of representatives of certain nations, expressed in careful fixing and accounting:

a) the needs, motives and value orientations of representatives of specific national regions, the ethnic specificity of which significantly affects communication with them;

b) evidence of a mismatch between the needs and motives of representatives of specific national communities and the traditional norms of business, political and interethnic interaction between people that function in the public consciousness of the population;

c) the identity of the manifestation of national identity of representatives of specific nationalities ;

d) the specifics of the forms of protection of political identity of representatives of specific ethnic communities from elements of nationalism, chauvinism in the course of interethnic relations. ^[2]

Content

1 Goal
2 Essence
3 Structure
4 Problems
5 See also
6 notes
7 Literature

Purpose

The external and internal goal of ethnocultural competence is highlighted. The external goal is the stabilization of interethnic relations and taking into account ethnic characteristics, interests of each people, the desire for interethnic dialogue. The internal goal is that a person should be not only a “bearer” of knowledge in the field of ethnic culture and interethnic interaction, but also their active user.

Entity

The formation of ethnocultural competence involves the introduction of a child initially in his native for him, and then other cultures . Moreover, at the beginning, the child must be prepared to recognize ethnocultural differences as something positive, which then should develop into the ability to interethnic understanding and dialogue. ^[3]

Ethnocultural competence implies a person’s readiness for mutual understanding and interaction based on knowledge and experience gained in real life. Forms of the formation of ethnocultural competence are individual-pair interactions and collective relationships. These interactions and relationships can be specially organized (knowledge and experience acquired by a student during participation in lectures, discussions, conferences, joint events, etc.) and spontaneous or partially organized (knowledge and experience acquired by a child in family relationships, relations with peers, other social institutions, in play and work, from the media, etc.) ^[4]

There is an idea of correlation of ethnocultural competence as an integral part of the process of self-awareness . Awareness of one’s belonging to a certain ethnic group and a judgment about it, its culture, as well as a component of attitude to other ethnic communities, as a component of ethnocultural competence, is a single process, since the exclusion of correlation from among the structural elements would lead to the disappearance of the phenomenon of self-consciousness. Self-awareness is one of the first priorities in the process of educating a citizen of the world, compared with self-determination , requiring more life experience, which is necessary for its formation. ^[5]

Structure

The constituent factors of ethnocultural competence are: ^[6]

Cognitive factor

The individual’s knowledge of his own and other cultures (customs, values, norms, rules, distribution of roles, etc.)

Representations of the similarities and differences of one and another culture

Awareness of the importance of cultural differences

Knowledge that allows you to adequately interpret the behavior of representatives of another ethnic group due to the ability to adequately categorize and interpret the characteristics of their and other cultures

Language competency

Knowledge conducive to adequate coding and decoding of non-verbal messages from representatives of another culture

Adequate understanding of cultural distance

Behavioral factor

The ability to adapt behavior to the characteristics of another culture

Skills for promoting culture-friendly non-verbal reactions

The ability to control emotional experiences associated with differences in cultures

Ability to regulate anxiety level in intercultural interaction

Motivational factor

The need for intercultural communication

Willingness to follow the norms and rules of conduct in a different culture

Willingness to recognize and accept the values of another culture

Willingness to show empathy for representatives of another culture

The need for knowledge about representatives of a different culture

High level of attraction to representatives to them

Representation of the proximity of cultural and / or historical distances

Willingness to interact based on the position of ethnocultural universalism

Problems

Ethnocultural competence requires an understanding of the origin of the sources and consequences of intolerance towards others. It is also important to know the causes of interethnic conflicts and tensions and ways to resolve them. In this case, ethnocultural competence helps to achieve mutual respect, understanding and coordination of diverse interests and points of view inherent in ethnic groups and their representatives without applying pressure, mainly through a compromise and a solution acceptable to all. ^[7]

One of the problems is the possibility of young people gaining experience in interacting with other cultures. To create the conditions for the acquisition of skills and knowledge of intercultural interaction, the prevention and overcoming of interethnic conflicts, it is necessary to use the principle of situationality, which involves creating situations of intercultural dialogue in order to be able to learn your behavior in possible interaction, and also try yourself as a representative of various cultures, entering into intercultural dialogue on certain problems, trying to maintain their new ethnocultural position. These simulated situations can allow people to feel themselves in different situations, close to reality.

Notes

↑ Poshtareva T.V. Formation of ethnocultural competence // Pedagogy. - 2005. - No. 3. - S. 35-42.
↑ Ethnopsychological Dictionary. - M .: MPSI. V.G. Krysko. 1999.
↑ Koroleva, G. M. Ethnocultural competence as one of the factors of successful activity in the structure of professional competence of a social teacher / G. M. Koroleva // Family in the modern world. - M.: MGGU im. M.A. Sholokhov, 2008 .-- S. 21-27.
↑ Poshtareva, T.V. Formation of ethnocultural competence / T.V. Poshtareva // Pedagogy. - 2005. - No. 3. - S. 35-42.
↑ Formation of a tolerant personality in a multi-ethnic educational environment. Textbook / B. N. Gurov, B.Z. Vulfov, V.N. Galyapina et al. - M.: Pedagogical Society of Russia, 2004. - 240 p.
↑ Kupavskaya A.S. The development of ethnocultural competence of a teenager by the method of socio-psychological training. Abstract. diss ... cand. psycho. sciences. M., 2008. [1]
↑ Popovich, D.A. Ethnocultural traditions as the moral basis of education / D.A. Popovich // Traditions and education: materials of the international. Scientific and practical conference, Saransk, October 24-26. 2007 / editorial: N.I. Meshkov (editor-in-chief). - Saransk: Mordov Publishing House. University, 2007 .-- 436 p.

Literature

Grushevitskaya T. G., Popkov V. D., Sadokhin A. P. Fundamentals of intercultural communication: Textbook for universities / Ed. A.P. Sadokhin. - M.: UNITY-DANA, 2002 .-- 352s
Poshtareva, T.V. The formation of ethnocultural competence / T.V. Poshtareva // Pedagogy. - 2005. - No. 3.
Chamberlain, SP (2005). Recognizing and responding to cultural differences in the education of culturally and linguistically diverse learners. Intervention in School & Clinic , 40 (4), 195-211.

[1] Poshtareva T.V. Formation of ethnocultural competence // Pedagogy. - 2005. - No. 3. - S. 35-42.

[2] Ethnopsychological Dictionary. - M .: MPSI. V.G. Krysko. 1999.

[3] Koroleva, G. M. Ethnocultural competence as one of the factors of successful activity in the structure of professional competence of a social teacher / G. M. Koroleva // Family in the modern world. - M.: MGGU im. M.A. Sholokhov, 2008 .-- S. 21-27.

[4] Poshtareva, T.V. Formation of ethnocultural competence / T.V. Poshtareva // Pedagogy. - 2005. - No. 3. - S. 35-42.

[5] Formation of a tolerant personality in a multi-ethnic educational environment. Textbook / B. N. Gurov, B.Z. Vulfov, V.N. Galyapina et al. - M.: Pedagogical Society of Russia, 2004. - 240 p.

[6] Kupavskaya A.S. The development of ethnocultural competence of a teenager by the method of socio-psychological training. Abstract. diss ... cand. psycho. sciences. M., 2008. [1]

[7] Popovich, D.A. Ethnocultural traditions as the moral basis of education / D.A. Popovich // Traditions and education: materials of the international. Scientific and practical conference, Saransk, October 24-26. 2007 / editorial: N.I. Meshkov (editor-in-chief). - Saransk: Mordov Publishing House. University, 2007 .-- 436 p.