Youth Hill ( Bulgarian. Mladizhki Halm ) or Dzhendem-tepe is the highest of the six hills within the borders of modern Plovdiv . Its height above sea level is 307 meters. The relative height in relation to the average height of the city is 143 m. The hill is located in the western part of the city.
| Jendem-tepe? | |
|---|---|
| Highest point | |
| Absolute height | |
| Location | |
The hill stands out among other Plovdiv hills by the number of names. In ancient times, it was called the Dryad Hill. It is also known as Jendem tepe ( Turkish hellish hill, distant hill ) or Jendem , because of its then remoteness from the city center. In the Ottoman period, it was also called Jin-tepe ( Jinn hill). It was also called Chigdem-tepe (hill of crocuses), Changly-tepe, Gyuzji-tepe [1] .
History
In ancient times, on the hill was the Thracian sanctuary - the temple of Apollo [1] . In the early Christian era, on the hill was a large three-nave basilica, erected on the site of the pagan copper statue of Apollo destroyed by Christians. The Basilica was investigated by the Plovdiv archaeologist Ivan Dzhambov [2] .
The geological aspects of the composition, formation method, age and structure of the hill, as well as other hills in Plovdiv, have been the subject of study since the time of the first researchers in the XIX century. In 1878, at the foot of the hill there was a Russian military hospital (evacuated from the city due to the typhus epidemic), and a Russian geodesic sign was placed on the hill [3] [1] .
In 1948, youth brigades were engaged in beautification of the hill and the adjacent territory, whence its new name came up - Youth Hill [2] .
Youth Hill was declared a natural monument in early 1996 [4] . Since 1970, part of the southern slope with an area of 30 hectares has enjoyed environmental status [5] . The law prohibits not only construction, but also the construction of alleys and roads, grazing, extraction of rock in protected areas.
The Youth Hill retains a rich variety of plants and animals, which is associated with a lesser influence of the urban environment compared to other Plovdiv hills [2] . Here there are two types of plants included in the Red Book of Bulgaria , and seven species of rare plants endemic to the region. Eared owls (Asio otus), weasels (Mustela nivalis) and other animals live [2] .
At the foot of the hill are:
- Toy railway
- University administration and main campus of the Medical University
- Faculty of Dentistry
- Komatevsky transport hub
- Reconstruction of a part of the Roman aqueduct
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Dimitar RAYCHEV. The temple on Apollo glistened with varchu Jendem tepe (Bulgarian) (inaccessible link - history ) . Maritsa (06/17/2017).
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Sava Juranov, Dimitar Sinowski. Plovdiv tepeta
- ↑ Shishkov S. “Plovdiv in its past and present”, publishing house “Balkansky Culture Forum”, Plovdiv, 2016.
- ↑ Raychevsky, Georgi. Plovdivsk Encyclopedia, Third revised and supplemented edition, 2004, p. 98.
- ↑ Nature-related afflictions of the “Young Halm” - Plovdiv community (Bulgarian)