Vasnetsov, Apollinary Mikhailovich

Apollinary Vasnetsov was born on July 25 ( August 6 ), 1856 in the village of Ryabovo near Vyatka (now the Kirov Region ), in a large priestly family, descended from the ancient Vyatka surname Vasnetsov .

At thirteen, the boy was left an orphan. Having a remarkable talent, Apollinaris did not receive a systematic art education. While studying at the Vyatka Theological School, he began taking lessons from the Polish artist Michal Elviro Andriolli , exiled to Vyatka :

Vasnetsov visited Andriolli every Sunday and brought him drawings on the recall made at home, and also drew a view from his window from nature or copied mountain and forest landscapes by the Swiss artist A. Kalam . ^[one]

In 1872 he graduated from the Vyatka Theological School and at the insistence of his elder brother, Viktor Vasnetsov , he moved to St. Petersburg, where he lived from 1872 to 1875 . He studied painting from Viktor Vasnetsov, as well as from such masters as V. D. Polenov , I. E. Repin , M. M. Antokolsky , V. M. Maximov .

In 1875, Apollinary refused to enter the Academy of Arts and passed the exam for the title of national teacher, after which he left to work in the village of Bystritsa, Orlovsky district, Vyatka province. Soon, however, he became disillusioned with populist ideas. In 1878, Apollinary Vasnetsov left the village, went to Moscow, to his brother, and since then he has completely devoted himself to art.

Since 1882, Apollinary Vasnetsov spent the summer at his brother’s country house in the village of Akhtyrka near Abramtsev , on the estate of Savva Ivanovich Mamontov , and talked a lot with members of the Abramtsevo circle .

From 1883 Apollinary Vasnetsov began to show his works at the expositions of the Association of Traveling Art Exhibitions .

In 1885 - 1886, the artist traveled around the Russian Empire, visited Ukraine and the Crimea .

In 1898 he traveled through France , Italy and Germany .

In 1900, Vasnetsov became an academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. In 1903 he participated in the organization of the Union of Russian Artists .

From 1901 to 1918, he led the landscape class of the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture.

From 1918 he headed the Commission for the Study of Old Moscow and conducted archaeological research during excavation work in the central part of the city.

In 1931, he became the only artist who publicly opposed the demolition of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior , writing a letter to the Izvestia newspaper ^[2] .

Apollinary Vasnetsov died in Moscow on January 23, 1933, and was buried at Vvedensky Cemetery (Section 20) ^[3] . In the capital there is a memorial apartment-museum of the artist.

• “ Northern Land. Siberian River ”(1899).
• "Motherland" (1886, TG).
• “Taiga in the Urals. Blue Mountain (1891).
• "Kama" (1895, TG).
• “Street in China Town. The beginning of the XVII century "(1900, Russian Museum).
• "Red Square in the 2nd half of the XVII century" (1925, Museum of History and Reconstruction of Moscow).
• Sketches for theatrical productions "Khovanshchina" (1897), "The Legend of the Invisible City of Kitezh ..." (1907).
• Book illustrations: “ Grand Duke, Czar and Imperial Hunting in Russia ”, “ Pictures on Russian History ”

• The memorial museum-apartment of A. M. Vasnetsov (a branch of the State Tretyakov Gallery (Moscow)) ^[4] .
• Vyatka Art Museum named after V. M. and A. M. Vasnetsov ^[5] and its branch:
  • Historical memorial and landscape museum-reserve of artists V.M. and A.M. Vasnetsovs “Ryabovo” (Kirov region, Zuevsky district, village Ryabovo ) ^[6] .

• Monument in Kirov .
• In 1956, the USSR postage stamp was issued, dedicated to A. M. Vasnetsov.

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  "The Moscow Kremlin. Cathedrals. 1894. Oil on canvas. 90 × 79. The State Tretyakov Gallery , Moscow .

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  "Street traffic on the Resurrection Bridge in the XVIII century." 1926. Watercolor, charcoal paper. 45 × 60. Moscow Museum , Moscow .

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  "Stone Bridge (Kalinkin Bridge) in the time of Peter" (1902)

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  “ All Saints Stone Bridge . Moscow of the late 17th century. ” 1901. Oil on canvas. 155 × 285. Yaroslavl Art Museum , Yaroslavl .

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  The Lake (1902)

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  Twilight

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  “The defense of Moscow from Khan Tokhtamysh. XIV century. 1918. Watercolor, charcoal paper. 64.5 × 92. Kostroma State Historical-Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve , Kostroma .

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  "Trinity Church on Bersenevka" (1922)

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  Red Square (1897)

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  “Simonov Monastery. Clouds and Golden Domes (1927)

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  "Moscow Kremlin under Ivan III" (1921)

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  “Moscow torture chamber. The end of the XVI century (Konstantino-Eleninsky gate of the Moscow torture chamber at the turn of the XVI and XVII centuries) "(1912)

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  “At dawn at the Resurrection Bridge. The end of the XVII century "(1900)

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  “Probable view of the white-stone Kremlin Dmitry Donskoy. The end of the XIV century. 1922. Paper on cardboard, watercolor, charcoal. 51 × 80. Moscow Museum , Moscow

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  “Construction of the wooden walls of the Kremlin. XII century "(1903)

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  “The flourishing of the Kremlin. The All Saints' Bridge and the Kremlin at the end of the 17th century. ” 1922. Paper on cardboard, watercolor, charcoal, pencil. 64 × 109. Moscow Museum , Moscow .

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  "Old Moscow " (1896)

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  "Book shops on the Spassky bridge in the XVII century." 1916. Paper on cardboard, watercolor, charcoal, white, pencil. 50 × 67. Moscow Museum , Moscow

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  Red Square under Ivan the Terrible

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  Red Square in the second half of the XVII century

• Art. Experience in the analysis of concepts that define the art of painting. - M., 1908.
• The appearance of old Moscow // Grabar I. [and others]. History of Russian art. T. 2. - M., [1910-11]. - Ch. Xiv. Pp. 225-250.

• Bespalova L. Apollinary Mikhailovich Vasnetsov (1856-1933). - M., 1950. - 40c. + Incl. (Mass Library)
• Bespalova L. A. M. Vasnetsov. 1856-1933. - M., 1956. - 174 p., Il.
• Apollinary Vasnetsov. On the centenary of the birth [1856-1956] // Works of the Museum of history and reconstruction of Moscow. Issue VII. - M., Mosk. worker, 1957. - 172p. + incl. - 15.000 copies
• Bespalova L.A. Apollinaris Mikhailovich Vasnetsov, 1856-1933. - 2nd ed., Pererab. and add. - M., Art, 1983. - 232 p., Il. - 25.000 copies
• Moscow in the works of A. M. Vasnetsov: Collection. / Compiler of the collection EK Vasnetsova. - M., Mosk. worker, 1986. - 272s., il.
• S. N. Kondakov. Anniversary reference book of the Imperial Academy of Arts. 1764-1914. - SPb .: Partnership R.Golike and A.Vilborg, 1915. - T. 2. - p. 34. - 454 p.

• Sytin, Peter Vasilyevich
• Museum of History of Moscow
• the Moscow Kremlin
• the Red Square
• China town
• Charge
• White City
• Zamoskvorechye
• Resurrection Bridge

•   Wikimedia Commons has media files on Apollinary Mikhailovich Vasnetsov
• Apollinary Vasnetsov, personal site
• Vasnetsov Apollinary Mikhailovich. Biography and work of the artist on Artonline.ru
• A.M. Vasnetsov in Abramtsevo
• Site of the Vasnetsov Cultural Heritage Conservation Fund
• Grave of A. Vasnetsov
• Vasnetsov, Apollinary Mikhailovich in the library "Staratet"
• Vasnetsov Art Gallery
• The history of Moscow in the paintings of Apollinaria Vasnetsov