“Kaganovich” is a Soviet river gunboat equipped at the beginning of World War II from a mobilized steam wheeled tugboat . In August 1941, the gunboat was distinguished by successful actions near the village of Tripoli , and in late August, by the arrest of the commander and military commissar of the ship [1] .
| Kaganovich | |
|---|---|
| Service | |
 the USSR | |
| Class and type of vessel | Gunboat , mobilized wheeled steam tug of project SB-51 |
| Manufacturer | "Lenin Forge" , Kiev |
| Construction started | 1934 year |
| Launched | 1934 year |
| Commissioned | 1934 year |
| Withdrawn from the fleet | 1941 year |
| Status | flooded, scrapped |
| Main characteristics | |
| Displacement | 305 t |
| Length | 61.0 m (maximum) |
| Width | 8.0 m midship , 16.5 m (with paddle wheels) |
| Draft | 1.2 m (maximum) |
| Reservation | 6 mm |
| Engines | Compound machine |
| Power | 440 h.p. |
| Mover | paddle wheels |
| Speed | 13 km / h |
| Autonomy of swimming | 80 tons of coal |
| Crew | 65 people |
| Armament | |
| Artillery | 2 x 120 mm, 1 x 76 mm (universal) |
| Flak | 8 x 7.62 mm "Maxima" , 1 light machine gun DP-27 [1] |
Content
- 1 Construction
- 2 Service History
- 3 See also
- 4 notes
- 5 Literature
Construction
In 1932, the Lenin Forge plant in Kiev designed and began mass production of the first Soviet steam compound machine with a capacity of 400 hp. with Lenz steam distributor . This allowed us to begin the construction of a series of steam wheeled tugs under the SB-51 project. The ships had an all-welded hull, spacious rooms, cabins for 1-2 people, a shower room and a laundry room. The lead in the series was the tugboat "Smolny" [1] .
According to the pre-war mobilization plan, four of these steamers had to be mobilized and converted into gunboats, which, according to the then classification, had main artillery of more than 76 mm. Re-equipment included reinforcing the structure of the vessel to withstand stress from recoil of guns, 6 mm armor shell shells and armored conning tower [1] .
Service History
With the outbreak of war, "Kaganovich" was mobilized on June 23, 1941 according to the pre-war plan and by July 10 it was completely converted into a warship at the plant named after I.V. Stalin in Kiev. The reserve lieutenant Podgorny I.I. became his commander on July 11, the gunboat was included in the Dnieper River Ships (ARC) of the Pinsk Military Flotilla (PVF) for operations on the Tripolye - Rzhishchev section. Since July 30, the ship has been successfully firing at enemy targets, for which 4 crew members were presented with government awards. At this stage, the gunboat interacted with other PVF ships: “Dimitrov” , “Kremlin” and “Flyagin” [1] .
On August 4, Kaganovich was transferred to the Kiev detachment of river ships (ROC) of the Pinsk military flotilla (PVF) for operations on the southern flank of the Kiev fortified area . On the same day, the ship was hit by an air raid and was damaged by close explosions. Because of this, he was sent for repair to Kiev. And on August 15, the gunboat supported the Soviet infantry units near the town of Rzhishchev [1] .
On August 22, the ship advanced by order to the north to the village of Prokhorov to cover the Dnieper crossing of the retreating 5th Army of the Southwestern Front [1] .
On the evening of August 23, the advance detachment of the 111th German Infantry Division , reinforced with StuG III self-propelled guns, overthrew the retreating but poorly organized parts of the 27th Rifle Corps of the 37th Army of the South-Western Front [2] and seized the bridgehead on the left bank of the Dnieper near the village of Okuninovo [3] . Thus, the PVF ships operating to the north, including the Kaganovich gunboat, were cut off from Kiev , where the flotilla headquarters was at that time [4] .
In this situation, the Soviet command planned the breakthrough of ships from the north to Kiev, past the German bridgehead at Okuninovo. But the gunboat crew considered the operation obviously impossible. Therefore, 8 crew members and the military commissar deserted from the ship. Most of them were soon arrested in Kiev. For this, the command suspended Kaganovich from participating in the breakthrough and ordered the arrest of 4 more crew members and the ship's commander. The new commander was junior lieutenant Sutuzhko S.F. The ship also did not participate in the second breakthrough to Kiev on the night of August 31. Throughout the last week of August, Kaganovich was near the village of Navozy , where it provided fire support to units of the 215th motorized rifle division , which operated on the left bank of the Dnieper . When the ground forces retreated from the Dnieper line, the crew blew up their ship on the night of September 3, 1941. September 22, he was expelled from the list of ships of the Navy by order of the fleet commander. In 1945, the remains of the ship were handed over for scrap [1] .
See also
- Pinsk military flotilla
- Gunboat "Labor"
- Monitor "Zhytomyr"
- The guard ship Voroshilov
- Patrol ship Technician
- Kiev strategic defensive operation of 1941
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 V. A. Spichakov “Pinsk military fleet in documents and memoirs” - Lviv: League Press, 2009 - 384 p. - ISBN: 978-966-397-118-2
- ↑ 27th Rifle Corps was formally disbanded at the end of August. His management departed to the rear for the organization of the newly formed 40th Army . The rifle units of the corps were handed over to the headquarters of the 37th Army , although operational reports out of habit speak of "27 sk". Moreover, the commander of the corps, Major General Artyomenko P. D. , remained at the front near the town of Oster on the river. Gums .
- ↑ Now the village is flooded by the Kiev reservoir , located on the left bank of the Dnieper opposite the mouth of the Teterev River.
- ↑ A.V. Kainaran, D. C. Muravov, M.V. Yushchenko Kiev fortified area. 1941 year. Chronicle of defense. - PP Volyn Publishing House, 2017. - 456 p. (Series "History of Fortification") ISBN 978-966-690-210-1
Literature
- V. A. Spichakov “Pinsk military flotilla in documents and memoirs” - Lviv: League Press, 2009 - 384 p. - ISBN 978-966-397-118-2
- The combat path of the Soviet Navy / V.I. Achkasov, A.V. Basov, A.I. Sumin and others - 4th. - M .: Military Publishing, 1988 .-- S. 378-385. - 607 p. - 90,000 copies. - ISBN 5-203-00527-3 .
- Belarusian encyclopedia: At 18 vol. T.6: Dada - Zastava, відповідальний: G.P. Pashkoў і інш. - Mn .: BelEn, 1998, volume 6th. 576 sides, ISBN 985-11-0106-0