Postal and tax stamp (also stamp of surcharge or tax stamp ; English postal tax stamp , German Zwangszuschlagsmarke ) - the collective name of various postage stamps that are not intended to pay postage , but serve to pay an additional fee for any other purpose [1] .
Content
Description
Often the denomination of postal tax stamps exceeds the postal tariff [2] . They are mandatory for franking letters within a certain period (on certain days, weeks, and sometimes throughout the year) [1] [2] . These stamps are complete philatelic material. They are especially interesting on mail correspondence, pasted in addition to ordinary stamps.
History
Postage and tax stamps are issued in a number of countries [1] .
In Portugal and the Portuguese colonies , compulsory payment stamps were in circulation from 1911 to 1928 [2] . Each year, eight days were determined when senders were required to use them to pay for the forwarding of their mailings [2] . If the sender did not do this, then the surcharge was charged from the recipient [2] .
Since 1911, postal tax stamps have been in circulation in Turkey 21 days a year [2] .
For eight years, from December 1948 to April 1956, all mail in the Anglo-American zone of occupation of Germany had to be additionally paid with a stamp of compulsory surcharge for the needs of West Berlin [2] . No letters were delivered without these stamps [2] .
Postage-tax stamps were widely used in Romania in the 1920s and 1930s to find additional funds for the development of aviation ; the latter were released in 1948.
In Yugoslavia , Olympic Week stamps were published annually, the proceeds of which went to the fund of the National Olympic Committee of Yugoslavia.
In Greece, postage and tax stamps were issued from 1914 to 1956. They should have been used along with regular franking during the New Year and religious holidays and in other special cases.
The Francoist government of Spain in 1936-1953 also issued similar stamps, they additionally franked correspondence in certain periods of time.
A variation of the postal tax stamp is the military tax stamp .
Postage and tax stamps in Russia
Forced stamps were issued in Russia in April 1922. By order of the People’s Commissariat of Finance of the South-East Region, four postage stamps of various patterns were printed in Rostov-on-Don . They were intended to recover the mandatory fee to the fund for helping victims of crop failure ( Pomgol ).
Stamps with a face value of 2,000 rubles were pasted on registered letters , 4,000 rubles on money transfer forms , 6,000 rubles on accompanying addresses for the parcel .
The use of these brands in a number of settlements of the region - in Rostov-on-Don, Novocherkassk , Nakhichevan , Millerovo - was mandatory. They were in circulation for several days and were seized by a special order of the People's Commissariat of Posts and Telegraphs of the RSFSR on May 2, 1922, since they were issued without his knowledge. Among philatelists, this series of stamps is called “Southeast - Starving.”
See also
- Military tax stamp
- Postage stamp in favor of West Berlin
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Postage and tax stamps // Large Philatelic Dictionary / N. I. Vladinets, L. I. Ilyichev, I. Ya. Levitas, P. F. Mazur, I. N. Merkulov, I. A. Morosanov, Yu. K. Myakota, S. A. Panasyan, Yu. M. Rudnikov, M. B. Slutsky, V. A. Jacobs; under the general. ed. N.I. Vladinets and V.A. Jacobs. - M .: Radio and communications, 1988 .-- 320 p. - 40,000 copies. - ISBN 5-256-00175-2 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Stamp coercive surcharges // Philatelic Dictionary / Comp. O. Ya. Basin. - M .: Communication, 1968 .-- 164 p.
Literature
- Owner N.I. Philatelic geography. European, foreign countries. - M. - Radio and communications, 1981. - 160 p.
- The reader asks - we answer // Philately of the USSR . - 1983. - No. 12. - S. 32.
Links
- “Inexpensive postal tax stamps offer a collecting challenge” - an article by Janet Klug on Linn's Stamp News website (USA ) (Retrieved January 14, 2009)