Frantisek Jan Bogumil Tomsa ( Czech František Jan Tomsa ; October 4, 1753 , Mokra near Turnov , Austrian Empire - November 17, 1814 , Prague , Austrian Empire ) - Czech linguist , journalist , prose writer and publicist , translator . Prominent figure in the Czech national movement .
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Content
Biography
He studied philosophy at Charles University in Prague.
Even in his youth, he was struck by the clogged position in which both the Czech nationality and the Czech language were at this time of universal Germanization . Already in his youth he took part in meetings of patriotic circles. He was known for his desire to achieve affordable universal education and for his love of the Czech language.
He composed, composed, translated and published both books useful to the people and books interesting to an educated society. In both, he cared about the purity and correctness of the language and syllable, and, by the way, the first began to use the Latin alphabet for the Czech language (Latin script). In his struggle against neologisms, he resorted to the help of the language of the common people, the village, as well as the language of the Old Czech and related Slavic languages.
He is the author of dictionaries and school grammars, popular science literature , reprinted old books (for example, Lomnitsky's “Tobolka”, etc.), the first compiled a textbook or a choice from Old Bohemian writing (starting from the XIII century).
Among the mass of books published by him, on the compilation or translation of which he himself worked, there are agricultural, and religious, and political, and poetic. Some of them are written in German, for example, “Elementarwerk der böhm., Deutsch. und lat. Sprache ”(1784),“ Ueber die Veränderungen der Čechischen Sprache, nebst einer čechischen Chrestomatie ”(1804),“ Von den Vorzügen und dem Nutzen der čech. Sprache zu erhalten, emporzubringen und über die Mittel dazu ”(1812).
Selected Publications
- Bajky a povídačky pro školy, 1777
- Böhmische Sprache, 1782
- Navedení k české dobropísemnosti, 1784
- Elementarbuch der böhmischen, deutschen und lateinischen Sprache, 1784
- Malý německý a český slovník, 1789
- Tomsas Vollständiges Wörterbuch der böhmischen, deutschen und lateinischen Sprache, 1791
- Nešťastné příhody k výstraze nezkušené mládeži, 1794
- Über die Aussprache der čechischen Buchstaben
- Ueber die čechische Rechtschreibung, 1802
- Über die Bedeutung der čechischen Zeitwörter, 1804
- Über die Veränderungen der čechischen Sprache, 1805
Notes
Links
- Tomsa, Frantisek-Jan // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Tomsa, František Bohumil, 1793-1857 (Czech)