Stone-headed Mormyrs or Stone-headed [1] ( lat. Petrocephalus ) is a genus of fresh-water ray-finned fish from the family of the Aramaniformes of the Mormyr order. Distributed in reservoirs of tropical Africa .
| Stonehead Mormirs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Petrocephalus boboto | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| International scientific name | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Petrocephalus Marcusen , 1854 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Body length from 5.6 to 20 cm [2] . Caudal stem narrow, caudal fin deeply forked. There are teeth on the tongue and parasphenoid . The dorsal and anal fins are located in the rear of the body one opposite the other. They have a large cerebellum .
They feed on small invertebrates living in silt. To orient in space, search for food and detect predators, they use their own electric field , which is generated by the muscles.
Classification
As of October 2018, 46 species are included in the genus [2] :
- Petrocephalus ansorgii Boulenger 1903
- Petrocephalus arnegardi Lavoué & Sullivan 2014 [3]
- Petrocephalus balayi Sauvage 1883
- Petrocephalus balteatus rochebrune 1885
- Petrocephalus bane ( Lacépède , 1803) typus
- Petrocephalus binotatus Pellegrin 1924
- Petrocephalus boboto Lavoué & Sullivan 2014 [3]
- Petrocephalus bovei ( Valenciennes 1847)
- Petrocephalus catostoma ( Günther 1866)
- Petrocephalus christyi Boulenger 1920
- Petrocephalus congicus LR David & Poll 1937
- Petrocephalus cunganus boulenger 1910
- Petrocephalus degeni Boulenger 1906
- Petrocephalus frieli Lavoué 2012 [4]
- Petrocephalus gliroides ( Vinciguerra 1897)
- Petrocephalus grandoculis Boulenger 1920
- Petrocephalus haullevillii Boulenger 1912
- Petrocephalus hutereaui ( Boulenger 1913)
- Petrocephalus keatingii Boulenger 1901
- Petrocephalus leo Lavoué , 2016 [5]
- Petrocephalus levequei Bigorne & Paugy 1990
- Petrocephalus longianalis BJ Kramer IR Bills , PH Skelton & Wink 2012 [6]
- Petrocephalus longicapitis BJ Kramer , IR Bills , PH Skelton & Wink 2012 [6]
- Petrocephalus magnitrunci BJ Kramer , IR Bills , PH Skelton & Wink 2012 [6]
- Petrocephalus magnoculis BJ Kramer , IR Bills , PH Skelton & Wink 2012 [6]
- Petrocephalus mbossou Lavoué , Sullivan & Arnegard 2010
- Petrocephalus microphthalmus Pellegrin 1908 (smallhead mormyrid)
- Petrocephalus odzalaensis Lavoué , Sullivan & Arnegard 2010
- Petrocephalus okavangensis BJ Kramer , IR Bills , PH Skelton & Wink 2012 [6]
- Petrocephalus pallidomaculatus Bigorne & Paugy , 1990
- Petrocephalus pellegrini Poll 1941
- Petrocephalus petersi BJ Kramer , IR Bills , PH Skelton & Wink 2012 [6]
- Petrocephalus pulsivertens Lavoué , Sullivan & Arnegard 2010
- Petrocephalus sauvagii ( Boulenger 1887)
- Petrocephalus schoutedeni Poll 1954
- Petrocephalus similis Lavoué 2011 [7]
- Petrocephalus simus Sauvage 1879
- Petrocephalus soudanensis Bigorne & Paugy 1990
- Petrocephalus squalostoma ( Boulenger 1915)
- Petrocephalus steindachneri Fowler 1958
- Petrocephalus stuhlmanni Boulenger 1909
- Petrocephalus sullivani Lavoué , CD Hopkins & Kamdem Toham 2004
- Petrocephalus tanensis Whitehead & Greenwood 1959 [6]
- Petrocephalus tenuicauda ( Steindachner 1894)
- Petrocephalus valentini Lavoué , Sullivan & Arnegard 2010
- Petrocephalus wesselsi BJ Kramer & van der Bank 2000
- Petrocephalus zakoni Lavoué , Sullivan & Arnegard 2010
Notes
- ↑ Reshetnikov Yu.S. , Kotlyar A.N. , Russ T.S. , Shatunovsky M.I. The Bilingual Dictionary of Animal Names. Fish. Latin, Russian, English, German, French. / edited by Acad. V. E. Sokolova . - M .: Rus. Yaz., 1989 .-- S. 104. - 12,500 copies. - ISBN 5-200-00237-0 .
- ↑ 1 2 Petrocephalus in the FishBase database. (Retrieved October 17, 2018) .
- ↑ 1 2 Lavoué, S. & Sullivan, JP (2014): Petrocephalus boboto and Petrocephalus arnegardi , two new species of African electric fish (Osteoglossomorpha, Mormyridae) from the Congo River basin. ZooKeys 400: 43-65.
- ↑ Lavoué, S. (2012): Petrocephalus Marcusen, 1854 (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) of the Bangweulu-Mweru ecoregion (Luapula River system, Congo basin), with the description of a new species. Journal of Natural History, 46 (35-36): 2159-2178.
- ↑ Lavoué, S. (2016): Petrocephalus leo , a new species of African electric fish (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Oubangui River basin (Congo basin). Zootaxa, 4121 (3): 319-330.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Kramer, B., Bills, R., Skelton, P. & Wink, M. (2012): A critical revision of the churchill snoutfish, genus Petrocephalus Marcusen, 1854 (Actinopterygii: Teleostei: Mormyridae ), from southern and eastern Africa, with the recognition of Petrocephalus tanensis , and the description of five new species. Journal of Natural History, 46 (35-36): 2179-2258.
- ↑ Lavoué, S. (2011): A new species of Petrocephalus Marcusen 1854 (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Sanaga River basin, Cameroon. Zootaxa, 2934: 20-28.
Literature
- Nelson D.S. Fishes of World Fauna / Transl. 4th rev. English ed. N. G. Bogutskaya, scientific. Ed. by A. M. Nasek, A. S. Gerd. - M .: Book House "LIBROCOM", 2009. - S. 177—178. - ISBN 978-5-397-00675-0 .