Theodore II ( Theodore II ; Lat. Theodorus II , Italian. Tedodoro II ; IX century ) - Duke of Naples in 821.
| Theodore II | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| lat Theodorus ii | |||||||
| |||||||
| Predecessor | Theoctist | ||||||
| Successor | Stefan III | ||||||
Biography
Theodore II is reported in several early medieval sources , including in the second part of the Acts of the Neapolitan Bishops written by John Deacon [1] . The Chronicle of the Dukes of Benevento, Salerno, Capua and Naples also contains information about the rulers of Naples at that time [2] .
For more than half a century, beginning with Stephen II , the dukes ruled Naples, only formally recognizing the power of the Byzantine emperors . However, after the death of Duke Anfim in Naples in 818, a struggle for power began, accompanied even by armed clashes between supporters of pretenders to the throne. As a result, the clergy of the city were also forced to turn to the Sicilian stratig with a request to help them choose a worthy candidate for the position of duke. The choice of stratig fell on the army master Feoktist , a military leader who had succeeded in wars with the Lombards . However, for unknown reasons, this candidacy did not meet with approval at the imperial court in Constantinople , and the stratigum of Sicily, at the direction of Emperor Michael II of Travl, appointed Protospafarius Theodore as duke of Naples in 821. Both of these appointments indicate a significant strengthening at that time of the supreme power of the ruler of Byzantium in southern Italy and the intention of the Byzantines to bring Naples under their full control. However, the appointment of Theodore II as duke caused the discontent of the Neapolitans. It is possible that the people of Naples were afraid of losing their privileges, which they owned when the ruler of their city was elected from representatives of the local nobility. As a result, in the summer of the same year, the Neapolitans rebelled, drove Theodore II, and Stephen III , nephew of Stephen II, was elected his successor. There was no information about the fate of Theodore II [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] .
Notes
- ↑ Acts of the Neapolitan Bishops (chapters 50 and 53).
- ↑ The Chronicle of the Dukes of Benevento, Salerno, Capua and Naples erroneously states that at that time Naples was ruled by a certain Estrad for three years and one month.
- ↑ Schipa M. Il Mezzogiorno d'Italia anteriormente alla monarchia . - Bari: Gius. Laterza & Figli, 1923 .-- P. 47.
- ↑ Petrucci di Armando. Antimo // Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani . - Roma: Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana , 1961. - Vol. 3.
- ↑ Cappelli A. Cronologia, cronografia e calendario perpetuo . - Milano: HOEPLI EDITORE, 1998 .-- P. 470. - ISBN 978-8-8203-2502-2 .
- ↑ Ravegnani G. I Bizantini in Italia. - Bologna: Il Mulino, 2004 .-- P. 141-142. - ISBN 978-88-15-09690-6 .
- ↑ Stéfano III duca di Napoli (Italian) . Treccani Enciclopedie on line. Date of appeal October 16, 2018.
Literature
- Capasso B. Monumenta ad Neapolitani ducatus historiam pertinentia . - Napoli: Francisi Giannini, 1881. - T. 1. - 325 p.
Links
- Chronicle of the Dukes of Benevento, Salerno, Capua and Naples . Eastern literature . Date of appeal October 16, 2018.
- Acts of the Neapolitan Bishops (chapters 41–65) . Eastern literature. Date of appeal October 16, 2018.