Kladbishche Lviv defenders ( Polish. Cmentarz Obrońców Lwowa, Cmentarz Orląt Lwowskich ) - military burial in Lviv ( Ukraine ), part of the Lychakiv cemetery , which buried the Polish defenders of Lviv, who fell during the 19/16 19 divisions of the West Ukrainian People's Republic .
| Cemetery of Lviv defenders | |
|---|---|
| Cmentarz Obrońców Lwowa (Cmentarz Orląt Lwowskich)  Cemetery and memorial of Lviv eagles  View of the cemetery from the memorial (in the background is the Gate of Glory) | |
| A country | Ukraine |
| City | Lviv |
| City Council | Lviv |
| Coordinates | |
Often referred to as Kladbyshchem or the Memorial of the Lviv Eagles, or simply Kladbishche (Memorial) is the eagle of the heroic name of the young Polish militia (including adolescents) " Lviv Eaglets ", with weapons in their hands who took part in the defense of the city, including those who defended directly at the Lychakiv Cemetery where many of them died and were buried.
However, in fact, the Eagles Memorial itself constitutes, albeit the main one, but only a part of the cemetery of the defenders of Lvov . (Although in the broad sense, the Lviv Eagle Memorial can also be called the whole Graveyard of Lviv defenders .)
Content
Memorial Construction
In the 1920s, the “Eagles Memorial” was built here, where the ashes of adults and teenagers who fell in the battles for Poland were placed. The memorial played an important role in the formation of the newest Polish patriotism and nationalism; it was argued that the civilian population of Lvov, including women and children, rose up to fight against the regular military units of Ukrainians [1] .
The Memorial also buried the remains of volunteer pilots from the United States and military advisers from the French mission under the command of Charles de Gaulle , who fought in the Polish forces.
The Memorial project was prepared by Rudolf Indruh , a student at the Institute of Architecture and a former eagle . The sculptor of the project is Kazimierz Sokalsky.
Among the most famous eagles buried here are 14-year-old Yurek Bichan , the youngest defender of the city, whose name entered the Polish culture of the interwar period.
The Polish authorities buried in the memorial not only Catholics , but also Jews , Uniates and people of other denominations who also fought in the Polish army.
In 1925, the remains of one of the unknown defenders of Lviv were transferred from here to the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Warsaw .
Place of death of 14-year-old Jurek Bichan, who died at the Lychakiv cemetery
The grave, from which the remains of an unknown soldier were taken, before the transfer of the remains to Warsaw, ca. 1924.
Selection of the coffin with the remains of an unknown soldier for transfer to Warsaw, 1925.
Pilgrims from Gdansk on the construction of the memorial.
View of the chapel. 1920sMonument to American pilots, 1920s
Destruction
The Eagle Memorial was destroyed by the Soviet authorities in 1951 . In 1956, the central tombstone of the “Grave of the Unknown Soldier” was taken to Poland, and the remains were bulldozed in 1971 .
Memorial Recovery
The restoration of the memorial began after the declaration of independence of Ukraine on the initiative of businessman Bobrovsky from the Polish company Energopol, which worked in Lviv.
Works went slowly due to opposition from local authorities. The perturbation of the Ukrainian side was caused by the inscription about the “Polish liberators”, as well as the sculptural “Shcherbiets Sword”. Dents on the sword, according to legend, appeared when Boleslav the Brave , entering Kiev with Svyatopolk, struck his sword at the raised lattice of the Golden Gate in Kiev .
The conflict was mitigated thanks to the support provided by the Polish government to the Ukrainian opposition during the Orange Revolution of 2005. However, its final settlement required the intervention of Ukrainian President Viktor Yushchenko .
On June 24, 2005 , during the ceremony with the participation of the presidents of Poland and Ukraine , memorials to the dead soldiers of the army of the West Ukrainian People's Republic and Memorial Eagles were opened at the Lychakiv Cemetery.
On the plate of the memorial, located in the center of Polish burials, an inscription is written in Polish:
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Notes
Links
- Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lviv Defenders Cemetery
- Cemetery Guide to the Eagles (1939)