Fort Charlebur-Royal is a fortified settlement, which was founded in the summer of 1541 during his third and last journey by the French explorer Jacques Cartier . The village was located on Cape Cap Rouge near the city of Quebec , and was the first attempt by France to establish a colony in North America. The number of inhabitants was about 400 people [1] . It consisted of the Upper Fort, as well as the Lower Fort, located near the mouth of the Cap Rouge. Upper Fort, built at a height of 40 meters, was a strategic defensive position, while the Lower Fort served as a place for a potential marina for ships. Two forts had three towers. Charles -Royal was named after Charles II, Duke of Orleans , third son of King Francis I.
In the first winter, 35 of the Cartier men died. Fort Charlbur-Royal was abandoned in September 1543 due to severe weather conditions, scurvy and attacks by neighboring Iroquois from Stadakona and other settlements [2] .
In August 2006, Quebec’s Prime Minister Jean Charet and a group of Canadian archaeologists led by Yves Chretien announced the discovery of the remains of a settlement that was considered long lost. Chretien determined its location thanks to fragments of a decorated Italian-style ceramic plate made around 1540-1550 and six wood samples that the laboratory in the USA dated to the mid-16th century [3] .
Links
- ↑ Fort Charlesbourg Royal National Historic Site of Canada . arks Canada.
- ↑ Samuel de Champlain Before 1604: Des Sauvages and Other Documents Related to the Period . - McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP, 2010 .-- P. 43–44. - ISBN 978-0-7735-3757-6 .
- ↑ Canwest News Service. Pottery shard unearths North America's first French settlement (link not available) . Canada.com (August 22, 2006). Date of treatment May 3, 2012. Archived January 30, 2009.