Franz August Ferdinand Max von Parseval ( German: Franz August Ferdinand Max von Parseval ; 1861-1942) - German engineer - designer ; one of the pioneers of aviation and aeronautics .
| August von Parseval | |
|---|---|
| Birth name | |
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
| A country | |
| Occupation | , , , , |
| Awards and prizes | |
Biography
August Parseval was born on February 5, 1861 in the Bavarian city of Frankenthal ; descendant of a French nobleman who emigrated to Germany in 1791 [2] . Father - state official (1825-1887), mother - Marie Ameli (nee von Schaden ; 1840-1918). He successfully graduated from the and received the rank of officer in 1880, and after serving a quarter of a century in the German army , in 1906 he retired with the rank of major [3] .
Parseval began to deal closely with aeronautics in 1889. In 1897, he, together with Lieutenant Siegsfeld, built the 1st Drachenballon kite , which was introduced in the German army instead of spherical balloons as “ suitable for tethered lifts with stronger winds ” (up to 20 meters per second), while on the spherical balloons of that time with a wind of 8 m / s it was no longer possible to make lifts [3] .
Since 1901, August von Parseval was engaged in the development of a project of a controlled balloon and in 1906 he built the first controlled balloon of a soft system . This aircraft had a volume of 2,300 cubic meters, a length of 48 meters, a diameter of 8.6, and a Daimler engine with 86 horsepower. The first flights yielded pretty good results and forced to pay attention to these balloons. Their features were: soft shell, simple suspension, easy disassembly and the ability to lay a disassembled balloon (up to 3.000 m 3 ) in just two units of horse-drawn transport [3] .
In 1910, Parseval also built a monoplane of his system, but the latter did not show any significant advantages over analogues. For his work, Parseval acquired the title of Doctor-Engineer and was invited to give lectures on aeronautics at the Berlin Polytechnic (now Berlin Technical University ) [3] [4] .
("The Military Encyclopedia of Sytin ")
The shape of the balloon acquired for the Russian Imperial Army (see figure) is oblong with a very pointed back. The immutability of the form is supported by two balloons, which at the same time serve as elevators, for which it is necessary to release air from one balloon and to drive it into another. A rigid hose passes under the balloon to the ballonettes with a special junction box in the middle, from where the hose to the fan comes. Gondola - metal, suspended on two side metal cables, which can be rolled a little on the frame, and 2 or 3 pairs of vertical cables. The screws were first used soft (Parseval systems), but then they began to use wooden ones, as on other systems [3] .
Parseval's controlled balloons were also quite in demand; they were acquired by Great Britain, Austria, Italy, Russia, Turkey, Japan and other countries [3] .
The catastrophe of the Hindenburg airship practically put an end to the era of airships with a rigid skeleton, but the reliability of the aircraft developed by Parseval brought them to the fore; inventions patented by him are used all over the world to this day. A significant part of the airships and balloons using the Parseval design are produced by the American company Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company since 1911.
Franz August Ferdinand Max von Parseval died on February 22, 1942 in the city of Berlin and was buried in the .
The merits of the engineer to the fatherland were awarded the Order of Civil Merit of the Bavarian Crown .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 116048239 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ Philbert Marie César de Parseval (1765–1796), chambellan du roi de Prusse Frédéric-Guillaume II et père du général Ferdinand von Parseval.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Parseval, August // Military Encyclopedia : [in 18 vol.] / Ed. V.F. Novitsky [et al.]. - SPb. ; [ M. ]: Type. t-va I. D. Sytin , 1911-1915.
- ↑ Parseval, Franz August Ferdinand Max von // Neue Deutsche Biographie (German) .
Literature
- Dieter Rühe . Die Parseval-Flugmaschine von 1910 und andere Flugprojekte am Plauer See. Verlag Reinhard Thon, Schwerin 2001, ISBN 3-928820-12-5 .
- G. Schmitt, W. Schwipps . Pioniere der frühen Luftfahrt. Gondrom Verlag, Bindlach 1995, ISBN 3-8112-1189-7 .
Links
- Parseval, Franz August Ferdinand Max von // Neue Deutsche Biographie (German) .
- Parseval, August von in the German National Library .