The 1st Ukrainian regiment named after Kholodny Yar (Ukrainian: 1st Ukrainian regiment im. Kholodny Yar ) is a militarized organization created in Rovno by Ukrainian nationalists from the OUN (b) after the invasion of the German army in the USSR in 1941. In the autumn of 1941, it was transformed into the 365th Eastern Training Battalion of the 5th Field Wehrmacht Regiment.
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Background
Shortly after the invasion of Nazi Germany into the USSR, the leadership of the OUN (b) headed by J. Stetsky announced on June 30, 1941 in Lviv the “ Act of the Restoration of the Ukrainian State ”. In particular, it stated that: "The reviving Ukrainian State will closely cooperate with National Socialist Great Germany, which, under the leadership of its Leader Adolf Hitler, creates a new order in Europe and in the world and helps the Ukrainian People to free themselves from the Moscow occupation.
The Ukrainian National Revolutionary Army, which is being created on the Ukrainian land, will continue to fight the UNION GERMAN ARMY against the Moscow occupation for a Sovereign Conciliar State and a new order in the whole world. "
( uk) : vkd earthy, borysme further spіlno s allied nіmetskuyu army against Moscow okupatsіy for the Sovereign Sobrannu Ukrainian Power and a new way of life .)
As part of the creation of the Ukrainian National Revolutionary Army (UNRA) mentioned in the Act, which was supposed to help National Socialist Germany instill a “New Order” around the world, the leadership of the OUN (b), in particular, envisaged the creation of the 1st Ukrainian Corps named Cold Yar. " (the corpus was supposed to be named after the sacred area for the Ukrainian nationalists, described in the art book of Gorlis-Gorsky “Kholodny Yar”).
UNRA regiment
"The 1st Ukrainian battalion of the name of Kholodny Yar" (Ukrainian: 1st Ukrainian Kornіn іm. Kholodny Yar ) was established in Rovno in July 1941 under the leadership of the Oven regional head of the OUN (b) Kaminsky. He also became his commander. Leonid Stupnitsky, who had military experience (he previously served in command positions in the Russian imperial army and the UNR army ), was appointed head of staff. The OUN (b) Krysko functionary became the adjutant of the headquarters, and Fedorovich, Sirko, Zinc and Melnik became instructors involved in the training of recruits. Initially, the battalion consisted of 120 people, and was located in one of the houses in the center of Rivne. In August, the battalion was deployed to a regiment consisting of two battalions, four companies in each. There were 100-130 people in the company. Under the regiment, economic divisions were created, including a sewing workshop, which provided the division with a uniform created in the image and likeness of the uniform of the UPR army. In the autumn of 1941, as a result of the negative attitude shown by the German authorities to the idea of the “Ukrainian state”, and, as a result, to the Ukrainian army, the regiment was reformatted by nationalists into the school of the “Ukrainian people's militia”. Kaczynski stepped back from the command, and Stupnitsky became the school commandant. However, in November, the “Ukrainian militia” was dissolved, and instead of it, security police ( shutsmanshaft ) was organized.
Wehrmacht Training Battalion
In December, the 365th Eastern Training Battalion of the 5th Field Wehrmacht Regiment (German: 5. Feldausbildungs-Regiment ) was formed on the basis of the Ukrainian police school. The battalion consisted of four companies and a cavalry squadron. In addition to Ukrainian commanders, German surveillance officers were appointed to companies. The battalion trained personnel for the German anti-partisan units. As of January 1942, the battalion personnel was replenished with local residents and prisoners of war, and its number was increased to 850 people. One of the companies was fully equipped with Belarusians. In addition to training, school cadets were engaged in the protection of various objects in the city, including military warehouses, and the escort of prisoners of war. In April 1942, due to mass desertion, three companies were disbanded, and their personnel were sent to Novograd-Volynsky . Only one company remained in Exactly, which was used as a guard unit for a year, after which it was also disbanded.
A small part of the command and rank and file structure of the Ukrainian police, after the school was disbanded in December 1941, went to the service not in the Wehrmacht training battalion, but in the newly created fire protection team (him: Feuerschutzmannschaft ). He led the team Stupnitsky. In 1942, Stupnitsky became the commandant of the Rovno police school, in which position he worked until March 1943, after which, by order of the leadership of the OUN (b), he joined the UPA. [1] . [2] [3]
Notes
- ↑ Ivan Dereyko (2008). " LOCAL VIMIR KOLABORATSIONIZMU IN RAYKHOMOMISARIATI" UKRAINE ": THE EVOLUTION OF LOW CENTER STRUCTURES AT 1941–1944 p. " ..
- ↑ Mikhailo KOVALCHUK, Oleksandr VOVK (2009). " PІDPOLKOVNIK ARMІЇ UNR, GENERAL-HORUNZHY UPA LEONID STUPNITSKY: STORINKA BIOGRAPHYЇ " ..
- ↑ On the day of the people, the general of the UPA - Leonid Stupnitsky , Gal-info . The appeal date is September 21, 2018.