Sokolovsky, Victor Vladimirovich (biochemist)

Born May 5, 1925 in Sevastopol . In 1949 he graduated from the faculty of training senior doctors of the regiments of the Military Medical Academy. S. M. Kirov in Leningrad , after which until 1950 he was a senior doctor of a tank-self-propelled regiment of the Leningrad Military District .

In 1951 he was enrolled as a student of a special course at the Military Academy of Chemical Protection , after which in 1952 he received a specialization in biochemistry.

From 1953 to 1957 held the post of junior research fellow of the Central Scientific Research Military Technical Institute of the Soviet Army in Moscow . At the same time (in 1957) he defended his thesis for the degree of candidate of sciences in biochemical mechanisms of acute toxic pulmonary edema .

After receiving a degree, he was appointed to the post of senior researcher at the Research Laboratory No. 1 of the Military Medical Academy named after S. M. Kirov , where he worked until 1965. Here he took part in the search for effective reactivators of acetylcholinesterase inhibited by organophosphorus poisons .

In 1966, V.V. Sokolovsky defended his dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Sciences , devoted to the biochemical mechanisms of acute inhalation poisoning with elemental fluoride . After receiving the doctorate, the Ministry of Health of the USSR was sent to the Siberian branch of the Institute of Biophysics in Angarsk , where he organized a biochemical laboratory. Over the next three years, he headed the biochemical laboratory of Branch No. 5 of the Institute of Biophysics of the Ministry of Health of the USSR in Angarsk, led the research group created in accordance with the order of the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the order of the Ministry of Defense with the aim of carrying out a complex of research work in the field of toxicology and hygiene of new types of chemical compounds used as oxidizing agents of rocket fuel .

From 1968 to 1969, he headed the biochemistry course at the Faculty of Medicine of Mordovia State University , and held the position of acting professor.

After being dismissed from the ranks of the Soviet Army in 1969, he acted as the supervisor of the biochemical department of the Central Research Laboratory of LSGMI , until 1985 he headed the Department of Biochemistry of LSGMI ^[1] . In 1971 he received the academic title of professor in the specialty " Biological Chemistry ".

From 1995 to 2015, he worked as a leading researcher at the Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences .

The main scientific interests of VV Sokolovsky lie in the field of studying the biochemical mechanisms of the action of chemical and physical environmental factors: toxic substances , cosmophysical effects , laser irradiation , electromagnetic fields , vibration , noise , products of microbiological synthesis , etc. The results are presented in three collections under Edited by V. V. Sokolovsky: Thiol compounds in the biochemical mechanisms of pathological processes ^[2] - proceedings of the LSHMI - 1979; Antioxidants and adaptation - works of LSGMI - 1984; Fluctuations in the state of biochemical systems - proceedings of the LSGMI - 1986.

The main result of the research was the formulation of ideas about the cosmic regulation of life on Earth - regulation (change) of the redox state of the environment , including the human body and animals , the conception of the role of the thiol disulfide system as a key link in antioxidant defense in the biochemical mechanism of nonspecific resistance and adaptation of the body to extreme environmental factors.

V.V. Sokolovsky’s interest in the problem of cosmobiological bonds arose in the early 70s, when, when searching for the causes of abnormal deviations in experiments, he discovered the dependence of the rate of the unithiol oxidation by nitrite ion on the level of solar activity . Occasional determinations of this indicator have been carried out since 1970, and from 1974 to 1983 they became daily. As a result, a unitiol test was proposed to evaluate the effect of heliophysical factors on redox processes. Particular attention in the framework of these studies was paid to environmental factors of a global scale - periodic disturbances in solar activity and magnetic field .

In 1996-2002 Sokolovsky continued his research together with a group of geophysicists of the Research Institute of the Arctic and Antarctic , as well as the Branch of the Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism and Radio Waves of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Prof. O. A. Troshichev, Ph.D. E. S Gorshkov, Ph.D. S.N. Shapovalov, Senior Researcher V.V. Ivanov). These studies were conducted in the environmentally friendly Antarctic during the years of maximum and minimum solar activity . As a result, it was possible to establish that, along with variable solar activity, the in vitro and in vivo thiol disulfide systems are constantly influenced by the fluctuations of the gravitational field associated with the interaction of the masses of the Sun , Moon and Earth . For this discovery in 2004, the Russian Academy of Sciences issued diploma No. 226 - “The phenomenon of externally caused regular fluctuations in the rate of redox reactions” ^[3] .

• the concept of a cosmic signal as a regulator of the redox state of the medium .
• criterion for assessing the redox state of the environment (unitiol test)
• a test for quantifying the effect of heliophysical factors on biological objects by the amount of unithiol semioxidation with sodium nitrite “ in vitro ”;
• the concept of the redox mechanism of nonspecific resistance of the organism to the action of environmental factors of chemical and physical, and including heliophysical nature, and the leading role of the thiol disulfide redox system in this mechanism;
• a method for the quantitative determination of thiol disulfide groups in blood and other tissues by reverse amperometric titration ;
• a method for assessing nonspecific resistance of an organism by the value of the thiol disulfide ratio in the blood ^[4] ;
• a method for the analytical determination of nitrites based on the azo coupling of a-naphthylamine with benzidine .
• method of histochemical determination of thiol groups;
• a method for the semiquantitative determination of ribonucleic acid in nerve cells ;
• a method of cytophotometric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity in neuromuscular synapses ;
• a method for assessing the strength of the binding of lipids with proteins in the membrane of red blood cells ;
• a method for the separate determination of ascorbic acid and its oxidized forms of dehydroascorbic and diketogulonic acids ;
• a method for the quantitative determination of protein products of microbiological synthesis in air ;
• A method for the treatment of late toxicosis of pregnant women (1979) and ischemic stroke (2001) by intramuscular injection of a mixture of unitiol and ascorbic acid

1. Sokolovsky V.V. Thiol erythrocyte systems and the formation of methemoglobin / V.V. Sokolovsky, L. M. Pavlova // Biochemistry. - 1960. - T.25, no. 4, - S. 603-606.
2. Sokolovsky V.V. On the hemolytic effect of thiol poisons / V.V. Sokolovsky // Cytology. - 1962. - T. 4. - S. 460-465
3. Sokolovsky V.V. The method of analytical determination of nitrites, based on the azo coupling of a-naphthylamine with benzidine / V.V.Sokolovsky, N.S. Androsov // Materials of scientific. Session Len. dignity gig. Honey Institute. - 1965.- S. 65-66.
4. Sokolovsky V.V. To the mechanism of methemoglobin formation / V.V. Sokolovsky, A.E. Gromov // Biochemistry - 1968. - V. 33, issue. 6, -C. 636-639.
5. Sokolovsky V.V. Histochemical studies in toxicology. / V.V. Sokolovsky L.: Medicine, 1971. - 176 p.
6. Sokolovsky V.V. On the biochemical mechanism of the toxic effect of nitrogen dioxide / V.V. Sokolovsky, T. M. Sokolovskaya, L. N. Shubina // Pharmacology and Toxicology. - 1974. - T. 37, No. 4. - S. 469-471.
7. Sokolovsky V.V. On the biochemical mechanism of the reaction of living organisms to changes in solar activity / V.V. Sokolovsky // Problems of space biology. M .: Science - 1982. - T.43 - S.180-193.
8. Sokolovsky V.V. Acceleration of the oxidation of thiol compounds with increasing solar activity / V.V. Sokolovsky // Problems of space biology. M.: Science - 1982. - V. 43 - S. 194—197.
9. Sokolovsky V.V. Redox processes in biochemical mechanisms of a nonspecific reaction of an organism to the action of extreme environmental factors / V.V. Sokolovsky. Antioxidants and adaptation. L .: LSGMI, 1984. - S. 5-19.
10. Sokolovsky V.V. The antioxidant system of the body with noise stress / V.V. Sokolovsky, L. L. Goncharova, N. N. Kiseleva, I. N. Makarova, L. P. Rodionova // Questions of medical chemistry. - 1987. - T.33, No. 6. - S.111-113.
11. Sokolovsky V.V. Thiol antioxidants in the molecular mechanisms of a non-specific reaction to extreme impacts / V.V. Sokolovsky // Questions of medical chemistry. - 1988 .-- T. 34, no. 6. - S. 2-11.
12. Sokolovsky V.V. Ontogenetic features of ascorbic acid binding by proteins of nervous tissue / V.V. Sokolovsky, T. B. Lielupp, E. F. Novikova, K. Sh. Pozhilenkova // Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology - 1988 -T.24, Issue 5. −771-774.
13. Sokolovsky V.V. Thiol disulfide blood ratio as an indicator of the state of nonspecific resistance of the body. SPb .: MAPO, 1996 .-- 30 s. ^[5]
14. Sokolovsky V.V. Thiol disulfide system in the body's reactions to environmental factors / V.V. Sokolovsky. St. Petersburg: Nauka, 2008-112 p. ^[6]
15. Gorshkov E.S. Redox reactions in cosmobiology / E. S. Gorshkov, V. V. Ivanov, V. V. Sokolovsky, St. Petersburg: Publishing House of the Polytechnic University, 2014—194 p. ^[7]