Neussrossgarten

The name Neurossgarten in German means “new horse pasture”, and the eastern suburb of Konigsberg Rossgarten (or Altrossgarten) is its namesake. Neurossgarten was first mentioned as Altstadischer Rossgarten in 1466 in the archives of the Teutonic Knights ^[1] and consisted of meadows, pastures, gardens and cemeteries used by Steindamm ^[2] . Neusrossgarten was founded as a new suburb of Altstadt , separated from Steindamm in 1635 ^[3] .

According to the instructions of the Regulation of the Town Hall, on June 13, 1724, King Frederick William I united Altstadt and Neurossgarten into a single city of Königsberg ^[4] . In 1890, the area from Wagnerstrasse Neurossgarten to Steindamm and to Pulverstrasse Tragheim was the most densely populated part of the city ^[5] . The quarter was badly damaged by the bombing of Koenigsberg in 1944 and during the storming of Koenigsberg in 1945.

Neussrossgarten bordered on Steindamm in the east and Laak in the south. In the west and north were the streets of Deutschchordsring and Kniprodeshtrasse, where from the 17th century baroque walls were built. Beyond the walls is the Mittelhufen district.

Neurossgarten Church was a 17th-century Protestant church and was located in the center of the district. In the nearest market square were the Straw and Hay Market.

Also in the quarter were the Botanical and People's Gardens, among the few parks in the medieval walls. The first was a botanical garden, planned by Johann Georg Scheffner in 1796 and opened west of the church in 1809. The Botanical Garden was separated from the People's Garden in the west by Steindammer Wallstrasse. The Königsberg Observatory was located within the People's Garden; since 1877, the War Memorial in honor of soldiers killed during the Franco-Prussian War ^[3] .

Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel , Theodor Gottlieb von Hippel and Franz Ernst Neumann were buried in the Ehrenfriedhof cemetery in Neurossgarten.

Many institutes and clinics, especially those associated with the University of Koenigsberg , were located in Neurosgarten and the neighboring neighborhoods of Laak and Steindamm. These included the Institute of Geology with its Bernstein Amber Museum, Surgical Clinic, Eye Clinic, Chemical Laboratories, Institute of Anatomical Research, and Medical Institute. The latter complex included the Laboratory of physiological studies, the Pathological clinic and the Women's clinic ^[3] .

The original Institute of Chemistry opened on Besselstrasse in 1833. The Institute of Chemistry was moved to Drummshtrasse in 1888, and in the same year the Pathological and Pharmacological Institute was opened at Copernicus Strasse.

• Ludwig von Baczko: Versuch einer Geschichte und Beschreibung von Königsberg, Königsberg 1804
• Hermann Frischbier: Preußisches Wörterbuch Ost- und Westpreußische Provinzialismen, Bd. 1.2, Berlin 1882-82
• Fritz Gause: Königsberg in Preußen. Leer 1987
• Friedrich Leopold von Schroetter: Karte von Ost-Preussen nebst Preussisch Litthauen und West-Preussen nebst Netzedistrict 1796-1802. In: Historisch-Geographischer Atlas des Preußenlandes. Lieferung 6, Steiner, Wiesbaden 1978, ISBN 3-515-02671-1
• Robert Albinus: Königsberg-Lexikon. Würzburg 2002, ISBN 3-88189-441-1
• Richard Armstedt: Geschichte der königl. Haupt- und Residenzstadt Königsberg in Preußen. Reprint der Originalausgabe, Stuttgart 1899.
• Fritz Gause: Die Geschichte der Stadt Königsberg in Preußen. 3 Bände, Köln 1996, ISBN 3-412-08896-X
• Jürgen Manthey: Königsberg - Geschichte einer Weltbürgerrepublik. Hanser 2005, ISBN 3-446-20619-1
• Gunnar Strunz: Königsberg entdecken. Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-89794-071-X
• Baldur Köster: Königsberg: Architektur aus deutscher Zeit. Husum Druck, 2000, ISBN 3-88042-923-5 .