William Henry Young (in terms of sources - Jung , English William Henry Young , 1863-1942) - British mathematician . Transactionses in the field of differential equations , series theory, set theory, measure theory , Fourier series , complex analysis of the functions of many variables , history and philosophy of mathematics .
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| Awards and prizes | member of the Royal Society of London ( 1907 ) de Morgan medal ( 1917 ) Sylvester Medal ( 1928 ) |
Member of the Royal Society of London (1907) [5] . President of the London Mathematical Society from 1922 to 1924. Honorary Doctor of the Universities of Calcutta, Geneva and Strasbourg. Laureate of the de Morgan medal (1917) and the Sylvester medal (1928). President of the International Mathematical Union from 1929 to 1936.
Content
Biography and scientific activities
Young was born in London to a grocer's family. He was educated at the City of London School , whose director was Edwin Abbott , author of the famous Flatland . In 1881, Young entered Cambridge University (Peterhouse College ), and graduated in 1884. [6] In Cambridge, Young met Grace Emily Chisholm , a student who became his wife. Two of their five children became professional mathematicians, and Grace herself was the first woman to receive a doctorate in mathematics from the University of Gottingen [7] [8] .
After Cambridge, Young and his wife studied mathematics at the University of Turin and Gottingen (1884–1886). Then he taught at Cambridge University (from 1887), lectured at Calcutta (India, 1913-1916), Liverpool (1913-1919, professor of philosophy and history of mathematics), Wales (1919-1923) and other universities.
In 1924, Young participated in the Seventh International Congress of Mathematicians in Toronto , in 1928 he spoke at the Eighth Congress in Bologna .
In 1936-1937, Young traveled to South America, in the midst of World War II (1940), the 77-year-old scientist ended up in France and was never able to return home to his family. He was forced to spend the last two years of his life in France occupied by the Nazis, where he died [8] .
In his publications, Young developed differential calculus on functions of many variables , a general theory of integration . Simultaneously with P.J. Daniel (1918) introduced for the one-dimensional case the operation of differentiating a function with respect to a function, relating it to the Lebesgue integral . He contributed to the theory of Fourier series and other orthogonal series [9] .
In honor of the scientist, Young's theorem and are named [8] .
Major works
Counting articles written jointly with his wife Grace Chisholm-Young, he is the author of 214 articles and 4 books.
- Young, William Henry. The fundamental theorems of the differential calculus. - Cambridge University Press , 1910.
- William Henry Young, Grace Chisholm Young. The first book of geometry. - JM Dent, 1905.
- William Henry Young & Grace Chisholm Young (1906) The Theory of Sets of Points , link from Internet Archive .
Russian translations
- Grace Cheesholm Jung, William Henry Jung . The first book on geometry. Per. and foreword. Alexey Iosifovich Bachinsky. - M .: Printing house of the Partnership I. D. Sytin, 1911. - 199 p.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 116946156 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ 1 2 Archive for the history of mathematics MacTyutor
- ↑ Encyclopædia Universalis - Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. .
- ↑ various authors Dictionary of National Biography / L. Stephen , S. Lee - London : 1885.
- ↑ Hardy, GH William Henry Young. 1863-1942 (English) // Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society : journal. - 1943. - Vol. 4 , no. 12 . - P. 306—326 . - DOI : 10.1098 / rsbm.1943.0005 .
- ↑ Young, William Henry in Venn, J. & JA, Alumni Cantabrigienses , Cambridge University Press, 10 vols, 1922–1958.
- ↑ Rothman, Patricia. Grace Chisholm Young and the Division of Laurels (English) // Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London : journal. - 1996. - Vol. 50 , no. 1 . - P. 89-100 . - DOI : 10.1098 / rsnr . 19966.0008 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 MacTutor .
- ↑ Mathematics. Mechanics, 1983 .
Literature
- Bogolyubov A.N. Jung William Henry // Mathematics. The mechanics. Biographical reference . - Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1983. - S. 549. - 639 p.
Links
- University of Liverpool: Documents by Professor William Henry Young and Grace Chisholm Young
- John J. O'Connor and Edmund F. Robertson . Young, William Henry (English) - biography in the MacTutor archive.