Urut

In the “Secret Tale of the Mongols” it is said that the sons of Nachin-Baatur were called Uruudai and Mangutai. From them came the Uruud and Mangud tribes ^[1] . The original core of the Uruts was part of the Taiyut Mongol tribe. From the time of their appearance, the Uruts entered the Nirun branch of the Mongols and inhabited the lands of Khalkhin Gol and the upper course of the river. Cupid . The Uruts put a lot of effort into the formation of the Great Mongolian state at the beginning of the 13th century. ^[2]

Uruts are a kind related to manguts . The ethnic name came from the Altai word ug ( old script. Mong.yaz. Uruγ). So, in the Tungus-Manchu and Yakut languages, uru means “clan, relatives and relatives”, in ancient Turkic uruγ is used in the meaning “clan, descendants” ^[3] . The name is formed by adding to the Altai word the urug of the affix -uud (-ud): uruγ + ud> uruγud> uru'ud> urűd ^[2] .

Urut as part of the Five Big Aymaks

Genghis Khan preferred five aimaks (tribes), the merit of which was not only in the creation of the Great Mongolian state , but also in wars, they were called “five pillars” or five large aimaks. These were the Uruts, Manguts , Jalaiirs, Khongirats , and Ikires . They played a special role in the war with the Jin empire , the head of which the Mongols called Altan Khan, and the empire Altan itself (Golden Empire).

In 1217, Genghis Khan ordered Mukhulay to organize the Tamachi of Five Roads troops by selecting strong and strong warriors from these aimaks. So there were Tamachi troops, which were sent to different places. In offensives they were supposed to be at the forefront of the troops, and with the capture of objects, i.e. cities and places, security functions were assigned to them. Genghis Khan and his successors identified the five aimaks of the neighboring lands - Dalaynor , the Luuha River beyond the Gobi , Yellow (Yellow River) , the city of Shandu and the territories northeast of Beijing ^[2] .

During the period of the Mongolian state of Yuan, these aimaks were obliged to prepare provisions for the Khan's palace. As servants of the palace, the aristocrats of these aimaks often had family ties with representatives of the golden family: their daughters married the great khans and noyons, or the leaders of the aimaks took wives from the Genghis Khan family. Thus, representatives of the khungirat clan received the title “Khatun” from the great khans of Genghis , Munhe and Khubilai . Ulziyt , Khүleg , Buyant and others also took them as wives. Owing to their close relations with the Mongol great khans, the aimaks rulers were endowed with van titles from the khans of the Yuan state , and therefore they were called the “aimaks of the five van”. Thus, it should be assumed that the two words - tawan and van - formed the name tavnan (tabun + wang> tabunang). Tavnan initially belonged only to the rulers of the five aimaks mentioned above. In other words, under the tawan van (five wans) or tavnan they meant only the Noyons of the Urut, Mangut , Jalair , Khungirat and Ikhiri Aymaks who took wives from the Genghisids and became their sons-in-law ^[2] .

Currently, the holders of the generic names: Uruguid, Hitad Uruguid, Mongol Uruguid live in the urban district of Ordos in Inner Mongolia ^{[2] [4] [5]} .