Walter Franz Anton von Dyck (or Dick , German: Walther Franz Anton von Dyck , 1856-1934) - German mathematician , student of Felix Klein . Transactionses in the field of general algebra , geometry , topology , potential theory . Academician of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences (1892), member of the Leopoldina Society (1887). Cavalier of the Order of Maximilian "For achievements in science and art" (1934). Chairman of the Society of German Naturalists and Doctors.
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Content
Biography
Born in Munich in the family of the artist German Dick; the noble prefix "von" earned later (in 1901). According to the custom of that time, he studied alternately at several universities (in Munich, Berlin, Leipzig). In 1879 he defended his thesis under the leadership of Felix Klein .
In 1880, Klein left Munich to occupy the Department of Geometry in Leipzig . Dick rode with him and took over as Klein's assistant. There, he successfully carried out habilitation , gaining the right to teach at the university in 1882. During this period, Dick made an important contribution to group theory by publishing two articles in the journal Mathematische Annalen .
In 1884, Dick received an invitation to become a professor at the recently organized Munich Polytechnic , where he remained until the end of his life, using great honor. In 1903-1906 and 1919-1925, Dick was the rector of the Polytechnic, which under his leadership received the status of Munich Technical University [5] [6] . Among his famous students was Martin Wilhelm Kutta .
On March 5, 1901, Dick was awarded the Order of Merit for the Bavarian Crown and was elevated, in accordance with the Charter of the Order, to noble dignity, with the right to the title von Dick.
Dick, as part of an initiative group of three people, achieved the opening of the German Museum of Achievements of Natural Sciences and Technology in Munich (1903). Among other important works is the publication of the complete works of Kepler , including all his letters.
In 1908, Dick was a speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Rome [7] .
He died in 1934, was buried at the Zolsky cemetery in Munich.
Scientific activity
Dick's creativity developed under the strong influence of Arthur Cayley 's ideas. Dick was one of the first to give a modern definition of an abstract group , laid the foundations of the , and investigated discrete and continuous groups . I applied this theory to geometric groups of finite rotations , groups of transformations , to number-theoretic groups.
In the study of abstract groups, he extensively used the theory of equations, number theory and the theory of infinite transformations, systematically exploring ways to define a group with generating elements and relations [6] [8] . Gave the first general study of free groups (1882). He generalized the Gauss - Bonnet formula to non-simply connected domains .
Memory
The name of the scientist is a series of terms and theorems of mathematics.
- The formal " Dick language. "
- Dick's surface .
- Groups von Dick .
- Count Dick .
- Ways of Dick .
Some of the works
- Gruppentheoretische Studien (mit drei lithographirten Tafeln), Math. Ann., Vol. 20, 1882, p. 1-44.
- Gruppentheoretische Studien II - Ueber die Zusammensetzung einer Gruppe discreter Operationen, über ihre Primitivität und Transitivität, Math. Ann., Vol. 22, 1883, p. 70-108.
- Katalog mathematischer und mathematisch-physikalischer Modelle, Apparate und Instrumente, Munich, Universitätsbuchdruckerei von C. Wolf & Sohn, 1892.
Notes
- ↑ German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 116262397 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Archive for the history of mathematics MacTyutor
- ↑ SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ Mathematical Genealogy - 1997.
- ↑ Rowe, David E. Review of Walther von Dyck (1856–1934). Mathematik, Technik und Wissenschaftsorganization an der TH München (German) // Historia Mathematica : magazin. - 2008 .-- November ( Bd. 35 , Nr. 4 ). - S. 333—334 . - DOI : 10.1016 / j.hm.2008.08.002 .
- ↑ 1 2 Mathematics. Mechanics, 1983 .
- ↑ Dyck, W. von. Die Encyklopädie der mathematischen Wissenschaften // Atti del IV Congresso Internazionale dei Matematici (Roma, 6–11 Aprile 1908) / G. Castelnuovo (ed.). - 1909. - Vol. vol. 1. - P. 123–134.
- ↑ Stillwell, 2004 , p. 359-360.
Literature
- Bogolyubov A.N. Dick, Walter Franz Anton von // Mathematics. The mechanics. Biographical reference. - Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1983. - S. 168. - 639 p.
- Stillwell D. Mathematics and its history. - Moscow-Izhevsk: Institute for Computer Research, 2004. - 530 p.
Links
- John J. O'Connor and Edmund F. Robertson . Dick, Walter Von (English) - biography in the MacTutor archive.
- Dick, Walter von in the project “ Mathematical Genealogy ”