Ternate is a Papuan language that is spoken in Indonesia , in the province of Northern Maluku . Very close to the Tidore language [1] ; these two languages are mutually intelligible, have almost a common vocabulary and very similar grammars and can be considered as variants of a single language ternate-tidore [2] .
| Ternate |
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| Self name | |
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| Country | Indonesia |
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| Regions | Northern Maluku |
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| Total number of speakers | 62000 [1] |
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|
- West Papuan languages
- Northern hairstyling languages
- Ternate Tidore Group
- Ternate
|
| Writing | Latin , Arabic alphabet (in the past) |
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| ISO 639-1 | - |
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| ISO 639-2 | - |
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| ISO 639-3 | tft |
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| WALS | |
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| Ethnologue | |
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| BPS language code | |
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| ELCat | |
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| IETF | |
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| Glottolog | |
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The ternate language uses the Latin alphabet . In the past, Arabic script was used for recording.
Latin alphabet
There are two versions of the Latin alphabet for the ternate language: old and new.
The old alphabet was created on the basis of the Dutch [3] [4] [5] .
| A a | E e | I i | O o | Oe oe | H h | K k | G g | Ng ng | Tj tj | Dj dj | J j |
|---|
| / a / | / e / | / i / | / o / | / u / | / h / | / k / | / g / | / ŋ / | / ʧ / | / ʤ / | / j / |
| Nj nj | T t | D d | S s | R r | L l | N n | P p | B b | F f | W w | M m |
|---|
| / ɲ / | / t / | / d / | / s / | / ɾ / | / l / | / n / | / p / | / b / | / f / | / w / | / m / |
|
The new version is based on the Indonesian alphabet [4] .
| A a | E e | I i | O o | U u | H h | K k | G g | Ng ng | C c | J j | Y y |
|---|
| / a / | / e / | / i / | / o / | / u / | / h / | / k / | / g / | / ŋ / | / ʧ / | / ʤ / | / j / |
| Ny ny | T t | D d | S s | R r | L l | N n | P p | B b | F f | W w | M m |
|---|
| / ɲ / | / t / | / d / | / s / | / ɾ / | / l / | / n / | / p / | / b / | / f / | / w / | / m / |
|
Arabic alphabet [6]
Arab
alphabet | Latin
alphabet
(old
version) | Latin
alphabet
(new
version) |
|---|
| ا | a, i | a, i | | ب | b | b | | ت | t | t | | ث | ts | ts | | ج | dj | j | | چ | tj | c | | ح | h | h | | خ | ch | kh [5] | | د | d | d | | ر | r | r | | ز | dj | j |
| Arab
alphabet | Latin
alphabet
(old
version) | Latin
alphabet
(new
version) |
|---|
| س | s | s | | ش | s | s | | ص | s | s | | ط | t | t | | ظ | l | l | | ع | a | a | | غ | g | g | | ڠ | ng | ng | | ف | f | f | | ق | k | k | | ڤ | p | p |
| Arab
alphabet | Latin
alphabet
(old
version) | Latin
alphabet
(new
version) |
|---|
| ک | k | k | | ݢ | g | g | | ل | l | l | | م | m | m | | ن | n | n | | و | w oe o | w, u, o | | ه | h | h | | ي | j, i, e | y, i, e | | پ | nj | ny |
|